《沁园春·雪》原创课件2021年公开课获奖课件.pptx

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1、第1课沁园春雪,毛泽东,燕山雪花大如席，片片吹落轩辕台。唐李白北风行,白雪却嫌春色晚，故穿庭树作飞花。唐韩愈春雪,忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开。唐岑参白雪歌送武判官归京,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,学习目标,熟读并背诵本词，深入感受词的意境，体会作者的思想情感。（重点）掌握本词写景、讨论、抒情相结合的写法，品味本词准确、凝练的词语。（难点)感受作者的豪迈情怀，激发热爱祖国壮美河山的思想感情。(重点）,毛泽东（18931976），湖南湘潭人，字润之，中国无产阶级革命家、政治家、军事家、诗人。他在文学方面有很高的造诣，一生中创作了大量诗词。他的很多作品描写和赞美了祖国的壮丽河

2、山，气势雄浑，意境开阔，表现了他作为革命家的伟大情怀。代表作有沁园春长沙沁园春雪七律长征等。,作者简介,这首词写于1936年2月。遵义会议确立了毛泽东在全党全军的领导地位。毛泽东率领长征部队胜利到达陕北之后，领导全党展开反抗日本帝国主义侵略的伟大斗争。在陕北清涧县，毛泽东曾于一场大雪之后攀登到海拔千米、白雪覆盖的塬上视察地形，欣赏“北国风光”，有感而发写下了这首词。,背景材料,1945年8月，日本帝国主义投降后，毛泽东亲赴重庆与国民党谈判。在谈判期间，应柳亚子要求，亲笔写下了这首咏雪词赠他。本篇首次正式公开发表于诗刊1957年1月号。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

3、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

4、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,沁园春( ) 莽莽( ) 妖娆( ) 稍逊( ) 风骚(

5、) 滔滔( ) 折腰( ) 俱往矣( ) 成吉思汗( ) 一代天骄( ) 红装素裹( ),qn,mn,ro,xn,so,to,zh,y,hn,jio,u,重点字注音,红装素裹：,惟余莽莽：,顿失滔滔：,风骚：,形容雪后天晴，红日和白雪交相辉映的壮丽景色。,只剩下白茫茫的一片。,指黄河因结冰而立刻失去了波涛滚滚的气势。,原指诗经里的国风和楚辞里的离骚。文中用来概括广义的文化。,同学们你还知道这些词的意思吗？折腰、文采、风流人物、唐宗宋祖、秦皇汉武。,重点词语解释,有感情地朗读课文，简要概括这首词的主旨内容。,这首词以宏伟的气魄，生动地描写了雄伟壮阔而又妖娆美丽的北国雪景，纵论历史上的英雄人物，抒

6、发了作者对祖国壮丽山河的热爱之情，表达了作者作为革命领袖的伟大抱负和坚定信念。,整体感知,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

7、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

8、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1.这首词主要写了北方雪的什么特点？,壮丽、雄浑、广阔。,2.这首词分为上下两阕，请找出其中的过渡段。,江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。,3.词的上阕 ，下阕 。（表达方式）,写景,议论、抒情,走近课文,北国风光, 千里冰封,万里雪飘。望长城内外，惟余莽莽；大河上下，顿失滔滔。,山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，欲与天公试比高。须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。,有感情地齐读词的上阕,1.请找出上阕中总写北国雪景的诗句。这些诗句创造了一个怎样的意境？,“北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘”总写北国雪景，“北国风光”总领上阕内容。

9、“千里冰封”“万里雪飘”互文见义，静动相衬，静穆中又有飘舞之姿，即千万里都冰封，千万里都雪飘，表现祖国幅员的广阔，也反映了诗人视野的辽阔。总写句把读者引入一个冰天雪地、广袤无垠的银色世界。,北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

10、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

11、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,2.诗人接下来对雪景进行了具体的描绘，这主要是由哪个字领起的呢？它统领了哪些内容？,主要是由“望”字领起。统领的内容包括：望长城内外，惟余莽莽；大河上下，顿失滔滔。山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，欲与天公试比高。,3.“山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，欲与天公试比高”中“山”与“原”都是静态之物，为什么要写其 “舞”、“驰”？,“舞”形容山披雪像“银蛇”逶迤曲折，“驰”形容高原如“蜡象”奔腾跃动。这是

12、化静为动的浪漫想象，诗人情感的跃动，使他眼前的大自然也显得生机勃勃，灵动活跃。“欲与天公试比高”进一步生动形象地写出它们雄心勃勃的精神风貌和昂扬奋发的气概。,4.品味“须晴日，看红妆素裹，分外妖娆”。,这一句描写的是诗人想象中雪后天晴的美丽景色，是虚写之句，“红装素裹”红白相衬，把万里江山比喻成一个既纯洁又热情的青春少女，十分动人。“分外妖娆”收束上阕，对祖国热烈的赞美之情溢于言表。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

13、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

14、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,静景,5.上阕哪几句是静景，哪几句是动景？,千里冰封,长城内外，惟余莽莽,大河上下，顿失滔滔,万里雪飘,山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象,动景,作者描写北方雪景，视野开阔，画面雄丽，气势宏大，气魄豪迈。目的是借景抒情，赞美祖国

15、壮丽河山，抒发为祖国而奋斗的豪情壮志。,上 阕 小 结,有感情地齐读词的下阕,江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。,一代天骄，成吉思汗，只识弯弓射大雕。俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

16、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

17、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,6.“江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰”两句在文中有何作用？,承上启下。前一句总括上阕的写景，再次赞美祖国山河。后一句启下，展开对历史英雄的评论，抒发作者的抱负。这一过渡使全词浑然一体。,7.文中提到哪些英雄为江山折腰？诗人是如何评论他们？,秦始皇（嬴政） 汉武帝（刘彻）唐太宗（李世民） 宋太祖（赵匡胤）成吉思汗（铁木真）,略输文采 稍逊风骚 只识弯弓射大雕,8.如何理解“俱往

18、矣，数风流人物，还看今朝”？,“今朝”是一个新的时代，新的时代需要新的风流人物。“今朝”的风流人物不负历史的使命，超越于历史上的英雄人物，具有更卓越的才能，并且必将创造空前伟大的业绩，这是诗人坚定的自信和伟大的抱负。,巧妙过渡：祖国河山是这样美好，引得古今英雄竞相为之奋斗，自然引出下文。 巧评英雄：一代代英雄皆短于“文治”。“俱往矣”宣告了旧时代的一去不复返，为下文蓄势。 豪迈论今：只有今天在中国共产党领导下的伟大中国人民，才算得上是创造历史、开拓未来的真正英雄。表现了毛泽东作为革命家的伟大抱负。,下阕总结,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

19、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

20、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1.说说你对下阕中的“惜”字的理解。,“惜”中含褒，肯定他们，就是肯定中华民族是一个英

21、雄辈出的民族。,疑难突破,“惜”中寓志，“惜”并不是苛求前人，蕴含着无产阶级后来居上的豪迈气概，以及超越历代英雄人物的自信。,“惜”中含贬，在赞扬他们长于武功的同时，委婉指出短于文治的缺点（略输、稍逊、只识）。,以“惜”字总领七个句子，展开对历代英雄人物的评论。作者于历代帝王中列举出五位很有代表性的人物，展开一幅幅历史画卷，使评论得以具体形象地展开，如同翻阅一部千秋史册，一一加以评说。一字中饱含惋惜之情而又有批判，洋溢着雄视千古的革命豪情。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

22、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

23、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,2.“江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰”中的“折腰”改为“赞美”好吗？为什么？,不好。“折腰”意为倾倒的意思，揭示出为之奋斗的动机。如果改为“赞美”，不合词

24、的韵律，且少了形象性。,沁园春雪,上阕写景,下阕议论、抒情,概写北国雪景,具体描写雪景,想象雪后风光,承上启下,评论英雄,歌颂今朝,歌颂无产阶级英雄热爱祖国山河,结构脉络,1.写景、议论、抒情三者结合。,词的上阕是写景，有概写辽阔的北国漫天飞雪，大地冰封，也有具体描写。下阕是议论兼抒情。由江山多娇，想到为之倾倒的历代英雄引出一番议论，全词由于情景相生，描写与议论结合，产生了强烈感人的艺术效果。,写作特色,2.语言凝练、贴切，生动形象。,全词仅114字，就清晰地勾画出一幅北国风光图，极有分寸地评论了上下几千年的五位杰出的历史人物，抒发了作者的抱负。如一个“望”字既准确地描绘了作者观察景物的位置登

25、高望远，又有力地引起下面的景物描写。,独立寒秋，湘江北去，橘子洲头。看万山红遍，层林尽染；漫江碧透，百舸争流。鹰击长空，鱼翔浅底，万类霜天竞自由。,沁园春长沙 毛泽东,怅寥廓，问苍茫大地，谁主沉浮？携来百侣曾游，忆往昔峥嵘岁月稠。恰同学少年，风华正茂；书生意气，挥斥方遒。,指点江山，激扬文字，粪土当年万户侯。曾记否，到中流击水，浪遏飞舟？,拓展延伸,沁园春长沙是年轻时的毛泽东所写下的一首词，书写的是青年时词人的伟大理想，抒发了他对反动统治者的蔑视和满腔战斗气魄。词如其人，无论是沁园春雪，还是沁园春长沙，都展现出了词人作为革命者的满怀豪情壮志和英雄主义气概，表达着作者心系国家和人民的情怀。,课堂

26、小练,1.下列词语中加线字的注音全部正确的一项是（）A.沁园春(qn) 原驰蜡象(l) 分外妖娆(fn)B.一代天骄（jio） 稍逊风骚(so) 惟余莽莽(ng)C.顿失滔滔（to） 略输文采（sh） 还看今朝(cho)D.竞折腰(zh) 成吉思汗(hn) 数风流人物(sh),答案：D【点拨】A.分fn。B.莽。C.朝zho。,2.解释下列加线的词。（1）惟余莽莽（2）须晴日（3）稍逊风骚（4）俱往矣,答案：（1）只剩下（2）等到（3）本指诗经里的国风和楚辞中的离骚，后来泛指文章辞藻（4）都,3.下列关于沁园春雪的分析有误的一项是（ ）A.上片对北国风光的描绘，表达了作者对祖国大好河山的热爱之

27、情。B.这首词表达了作者作为革命家创造空前历史业绩的信念和对无产阶级革命事业必胜的信心。C.词的上片把写景、抒情和议论三者融合在一起。D.这首词的上、下片各有一个领字，上片是“望”，下片是“惜”。,答案：C【点拨】词的上片是写景和抒情相结合，并无议论。,第5课时岳阳楼记,范仲淹,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

28、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

29、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,王勃滕王阁序“落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色”令人神往之至；崔灏黄鹤楼“晴川历历汉阳树，芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲”让人回味无穷；而岳阳楼上，范仲淹“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”传唱不衰，岳阳楼记更是成为了写景状物抒情的名篇。,新课导入,1.了解作者及写作背景；理解并积累文言词汇，正确翻译全文，把握文章主题。（重点）2.学习本

30、文叙事、写景、议论、抒情相结合以及情景交融的写作方法。（难点）3.感受作者宽广的胸襟和远大的政治抱负；培养吃苦在前、享乐在后的思想品德。（重点）,学习目标,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

31、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

32、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,范仲淹（9891052），字希文，谥号文正，世称“范文正公”，苏州吴县（今江苏苏州）人，北宋政治家、文学家。他为政清廉、体恤民情，力举改革，刚正不阿，并且工于诗词散文，所作的文章富有政论性，文辞优美，气度豁达。有范文正公集传世。,作者简介,本文选自范仲淹全集（凤凰出版社2004年版），是范仲淹被罢去参知政事而贬官河南邓州时，应好友滕子京之请而写的。滕子京与范仲淹同为大上祥符进士，因遭诬陷而被贬谪到岳州做太守。滕子京重修岳阳楼，在行将落成时函

33、请范仲淹作记，并送去一幅洞庭晚秋图。范仲淹依据此图，凭着丰富的想象，写下了这篇抒己胸襟、规劝朋友的千古名篇岳阳楼记。,背景材料,谪守（ ） 朝晖夕阴（ ） 迁客骚人（ ）淫雨（ ） 霏霏（ ） 薄暮冥冥（ ）潜形（ ） 岸芷（ ） 汀兰（ ）皓月（ ） 宠辱偕忘（ ） 心旷神怡（ ）浩浩汤汤（ ） 樯倾楫摧（ ）,重点字注音,zh,hu,so,yn,fi,mn,qin,zh,tn,ho,xi,y,shn,qin,j,百废具兴（ ）,通“俱”，全，皆。,属予作文以记之（ ）,通“嘱”，嘱咐。,知识梳理,微斯人（ ）越明年（ ）至若春和景明（ ）予观夫巴陵胜状（ ）沙鸥翔集（ ）,古义：没有 今义

34、：微小,古义：及，到 今义：跨过，跳过,古义：日光 今义：景致，风景,古义：指示代词，那 今义：丈夫,古义：鸟停息在树上 今义：泛指聚集,而或长烟一空（ ）或异二者之为（ ）,副词，有时、偶尔,副词，或许，也许,属予作文以记之（ ）不以物喜，不以己悲（ ）,连词，来,介词，因为,予观夫巴陵胜状（ ）此则岳阳楼之大观也（ ）,动词，看,名词，景象,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

35、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

36、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,此乐何极（ ）南极潇湘（ ）,动词，穷尽,然则何时而乐耶（ ）此则岳阳楼之大观也（ ）居庙堂之高则忧其民（ ）,动词，尽,连词，那么,判断动词，是,连词，就,百废具兴（ ）先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐（ ）刻唐贤今人诗赋于其上（ ）或异二者之为（ ）

37、,形容词作名词，荒废了的事业,名词作状语，,在之前，在之后,形容词作名词，贤明之人,动词作名词，指心理活动,判断句：此则岳阳楼之大观也（“也”，表判断）倒装句：刻唐贤今人诗赋于其上（状语后置，应为“于其上刻唐贤今人诗赋”）,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

38、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

39、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,倒装句：吾谁与归（宾语前置，应为“吾与谁归”）省略句：属予作文以记之（省略了主语“滕子京”）,庆历四年春，滕子京谪守巴陵郡。越明年，政通人和，百废具兴。乃重修岳阳楼，增其旧制，刻唐贤今人诗赋于其上。属予作文以记之。,1044年。庆历，宋仁宗赵祯的年号。,封建王朝官吏降职或远调。,做州郡的长官。,到了第二年，就是庆历五年（1045）。,政事顺利，百姓和乐。这是赞美滕子京的话。

40、,同“俱”，全，皆。,于是，就。,增加，扩充。,同“嘱”，嘱托。,走进课文,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

41、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

42、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,予观夫巴陵胜状，在洞庭一湖。衔远山，吞长江，浩浩汤汤，横无际涯，朝晖夕阴，气象万千，此则岳阳楼之大观也，前人之述备矣。然则北通巫峡，南极潇湘，迁客骚人，多会于此，览物之情，得无异乎？,胜景，好景色。,指洞庭湖包围着远处的群山。,宽阔无边。横，广远。际涯，边。,或早或晚（一天里）阴晴多变化。晖，日光。,雄伟景象。,完全，详尽。,虽然如此，那么。,极，尽，这里有远通的意思。,谪迁的人，指降职远调的人。,诗人。战国时屈原作离骚，因此后人也称诗人为骚人。,古代汉语中常见的一种句式，表示推测的语气，意思是“可能吧”。,若夫淫雨霏

43、霏，连月不开，阴风怒号，浊浪排空，日星隐曜，山岳潜形，商旅不行，樯倾楫摧，薄暮冥冥，虎啸猿啼。登斯楼也，则有去国怀乡，忧谗畏讥，满目萧然，感极而悲者矣。,连绵的雨。,雨（或雪）繁密的样子。,连续一个月不放晴，极言雨多。开，天气放晴。,冲向天空。,光辉。,没于水，引申为隐藏，隐没。,桅杆倒下，船桨折断。,迫近。,这，这个。,指国都，京城。,担心，担忧。,说坏话。,萧条冷落的样子。,至若春和景明，波澜不惊，上下天光，一碧万顷，沙鸥翔集，锦鳞游泳，岸芷汀兰，郁郁青青。而或长烟一空，皓月千里，浮光跃金，静影沉璧，渔歌互答，此乐何极！登斯楼也，则有心旷神怡，宠辱偕忘，把酒临风，其喜洋洋者矣。,至于， 又

44、如。,日光。,湖面平静，没有惊涛骇浪。惊，这里有起、动的意思。,极言其广。,时而飞翔，时而停歇。集，鸟停息在树上。,美丽的鱼。鳞，代鱼。,岸上与小洲上的花草。芷，香草的一种。,形容草木茂盛。,有时。,全。,浮动的光闪着金色。这是描写月光照耀下的水波。,静静的月影像沉入水中的玉璧。这是写无风时水中的月影。璧，圆形的玉。,哪有穷尽。,心情舒畅，精神愉悦。,光荣和屈辱一并忘了。宠，荣耀。偕，一起。,端、执。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

45、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

46、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,嗟夫！予尝求古仁人之心，或异二者之为，何哉？不以物喜，不以己悲，居庙堂之高则忧其民，处江湖之远则忧其君。是进亦忧，退亦忧。然则何时而乐耶？其必曰“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”乎！噫！微斯人，

47、吾谁与归？时六年九月十五日。,探求。,古时品德高尚的人。,或许不同于（以上）两种心情。,因为。,指朝廷。,处在僻远的江湖间，意思是不在朝廷上做官。,这样。,语气词，表示猜测语气。,在之前。,在之后。,没有。,就是“与谁归”。归，归依。,有感情地朗读课文，说说课文可以分为几个部分？每部分分别写了什么？,第一部分（1）,第二部分（2-4）,第三部分（5）,写重修岳阳楼的背景及写作缘由。,写迁客骚人览物而生的两种感情。,抒写宽广胸怀和政治抱负。,1.第1段交代了重修岳阳楼的背景，这背景是什么？说明了什么？,“政通人和，百废具兴”,说明滕子京在谪守的逆境中，仍不以己悲，把政事治理得井井有条。由此可见作

48、者欣赏他的旷达胸襟，与一般的“迁客”不同。,背景,【第一部分（1）】,2.“滕子京谪守巴陵郡”中的“谪”字有何妙处？,“谪”字不仅交代了滕子京的身份，而且暗含作者对仕途沉浮的悲慨，为后文抒情张本。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

49、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

50、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,2.第1段反映了作者怎样的政治态度？,范仲淹一方面对好友的政绩表示赞赏，一方面对“重修岳阳楼”的盛举表示支持。这反映了作者一种积极的政治态度，即使受到不公正的对待，也要奋发有为而不是消沉下去。,1.体会“衔远山，吞长江”中的“衔”和“吞”的妙处。,【第二部分（2-4）】,用拟人手法，把洞庭湖这一无生命之物写得极具生命感，写出了山在湖中、湖蓄江水的壮阔景象，活灵活现地表现了“远山”“长江”跟洞庭湖的关