Lesson-Four-Inaugural-Address-高级英语第二册课件.ppt

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1、Lesson Four,Inaugural Address J. F. Kennedy,Lesson FourInaugural Address,Objectives of Teaching,To comprehend the whole textTo lean and master the vocabulary and expressionsTo learn to paraphrase the difficult sentencesTo understand the structure of the textTo appreciate the style and rhetoric of th

2、e passage.,Objectives of Teaching,Aims,To know the features of a political speech.To analyze the structure of this addressTo appreciate the language features of Kennedys address To be acquainted with some English speeches,Aims To know the features,Teaching Contents,J.F. Kennedy The characteristics o

3、f a political speech Detailed study of the text Organizational patternLanguage features Exercises English speech,Teaching ContentsJ.F. Kennedy,Time allocation,John Kennedy (15 min.) The characteristics of a political speech (10 min.)Detailed study of the text (100 min.)Structure analysis (15 min.)La

4、nguage appreciation (15 min.)English speeches (25 min),Time allocationJohn Kennedy (,John Fitzgerald Kennedy,*4image-1,2,3*Kennedy, 35th president, Democrat, was born on May 29 1917 in Brookline, Mass, the son of Joseph P. Kennedy, financier, who later became ambassador to Great Britain.He entered H

5、arvard, received a BS from Harvard 1940. He served in the Navy and won the Navy and Marine Corps Medal.,John Fitzgerald Kennedy,John Fitzgerald Kennedy,He wrote Profiles in Courage, 勇敢者传略which won a Pulitzer prize.1947-1952 served as representative in the congress1952 elected to the senate1960 He wo

6、n the Democratic nomination for president and defeated Richard M. Nixon, Republican,John Fitzgerald Kennedy He wr,John Fitzgerald Kennedy,Kennedy family - fully engaged in politicsJoseph Patrick Kennedy - father (1888-1969)US ambassador to Britainborn in Bostongraduated from Harvard,John Fitzgerald

7、Kennedy Kenne,Joseph Patrick Kennedy,*4image-4 Joseph Kennedy*He engaged in bankingshipbuildinginvestment bankingmotion-picture distributiona millionaire at 30 years old,Joseph Patrick Kennedy *4imag,John Fitzgerald Kennedy,1. 35th President of the U.S.(1961-1963)2. a democrat, an eloquent speaker3.

8、 the youngest man ever elected to the presidency4. born in Massachusetts, inherited a background of politics wealth and determination5. a Catholic,John Fitzgerald Kennedy1. 35t,John Fitzgerald Kennedy,6. As president, he faced the Civil Rights problem at home and Cuba crisis of 1962.7. His assassina

9、tion at Dallas in November 1963 was a shock from which the U.S. has found it hard to recover and the murder is still a riddle.* JohnKennedy.htm *,John Fitzgerald Kennedy6. As,Strange coincidences between President Lincoln and President Kennedy,Abraham Lincoln was elected to Congress in 1846.John F.

10、Kennedy was elected to Congress in 1946.Abraham Lincoln was elected President in 1860.John F. Kennedy was elected President in 1960.,Strange coincidences between P,Lincoln and Kennedy,The names Lincoln and Kennedy each contain seven letters.Both were particularly concerned with civil rights.Both wiv

11、es lost their children while living in the White House.Both Presidents were shot on a Friday.Both were shot in the head.,Lincoln and Kennedy The names,Lincoln and Kennedy,Lincolns secretary was named Kennedy.Kennedys secretary was named Lincoln.Both were assassinated by Southerners.Both were succeed

12、ed by Southerners.Both successors were named Johnson.,Lincoln and Kennedy Lincolns,Lincoln and Kennedy,Andrew Johnson, who succeeded Lincoln, was born in 1808.Lyndon Johnson, who succeeded Kennedy, was born in 1908.John Wilkes Booth, accused of assassinating Lincoln, was born in 1839.Lee Harvey Oswa

13、ld, accused of assassinating Kennedy, was born in 1939.,Lincoln and Kennedy Andrew J,Lincoln and Kennedy,Both assassins were known by their three names.Both names comprise fifteen letters.Booth ran from the theatre and was caught in a warehouse.Oswald ran from a warehouse and was caught in a theatre

14、.Booth and Oswald were both assassinated before their trials.,Lincoln and Kennedy Both assas,John Fitzgerald Kennedy,contributions:1. His most important act was his successful demand on Oct.22. 1962 that the Soviet Union dismantle its missile bases in Cuba. *4image-5map*2. He established a quarantin

15、e of arms shipments to Cuba and continued surveillance by air.,John Fitzgerald Kennedy contr,contributions:,3. He defied Soviet attempts to force the Allies out of Berlin.*4image-6,7,8*4. He made the steel industry rescind a price rise.,contributions:3. He defied Sov,contributions:,5. He backed a ci

16、vil rightsb a mental health programc arbitration of railroad disputesd expanded medical care for the aged e astronaut flights and satellite orbiting,contributions:5. He backed,Inauguration Day,On January 20 since 1937On April 30,1789, George Washington stepped onto a balcony of Federal Hall in New Y

17、ork City, placed his hand on a Bible and swore to preserve, protest and defend the constitution of the United States.,Inauguration DayOn January 20,Inauguration Day,He then read an earnest speech, calling for united and effective government. Thus began a unique American institution - Inauguration Da

18、y - those dramatic hours when a new president faces the people for the first time. He must tell the people what hes going to do as president.*4iamge-9*,Inauguration DayHe then read a,Inaugural Address,Memorable words have been uttered in inaugural address. It is a speech, lecture officially made by

19、a person on taking office.,Inaugural Address Memorable w,the purpose of a political speech,to persuade to explain to convince people to accept his point of view, to accept what he says so as to support him,the purpose of a political spe,Characteristics:,1. The order is clear.Each para. has its own t

20、opic.2. The tone is appropriate.He uses different tone to different people.,Characteristics:1. The order i,Characteristics:,3. The style is rigid.It is made beforehand. So it is a sort of written language.4. The language is rhetorical.parallelism, metaphor, antithesis, balanced structure, repetition

21、 of words and phrases - for force, vividness and emotional appeal.,Characteristics:3. The style i,General analysis of a political speech,1. He must try every possible means to arouse the feelings of audience. What he says represents the interests of the whole people.successful appeal to the emotion

22、of the audience,General analysis of a politica,General analysis of a political speech,2. specific policyThe speech must have high-sounding words and empty promises3. The speech must be concise and short,General analysis of a politica,General analysis of a political speech,4. clever-choice of words t

23、o convey different meanings/tones.5. the use of biblical style to make it formal/ rigid.6. the use of a lot of rhetorical devices to make his address as powerful/ impressive as possible.,General analysis of a politica,The social background,In what period in history did Kennedy become president? in 1

24、960s,The social background In what,The social background,Cold war is sth. which marks the situation in 1960s. The world is mainly divided into two hostile camps. 1) socialist camp - headed by the Soviet Union2) capitalist camp - headed by the USThe camps opposed each other politically.,The social ba

25、ckground Cold war,John Fitzgerald Kennedy,The text* Kennedys address 音频*,John Fitzgerald Kennedy The t,Detailed study of the text:,Para1 opening paragraphimportance / significance of his election as president of the US1. observe 2. celebrate,Detailed study of the text:Par,freedom -,We celebrate free

26、dom. People in the US are free to choose their president.,freedom - We celebrate freedo,antithesis:,end - the end of Eisenhowers presidential termbeginning - the beginning of Kennedys presidential termrenewal - the continuation of presidency and office of presidentchange - the change from Eisenhower

27、 to Kennedy,antithesis:end - the end of E,as well as,- well balanced structure in Para.1,as well as - well balanced s,solemn,- refer almost exclusive to an extremely formal and inspiring religious ritual. ( grave ) very serious.a oath 庄严的誓言a dedication to the cause of freedom 为自由事业而始终不渝的献身,solemn -

28、refer almost exclus,prescribe - set down / impose,What punishment does the law prescribe for this crime? Government schools must work for a prescribed number of days each year. Good citizens do what the laws prescribe. Someone who behaves as foolishly as you have no right to prescribe how others sho

29、uld behave.,prescribe - set down / impo,Para.2,the general situation of this worldtopic sentence - The world is very different.In what way is the world different?The world is different in the way of science and technology. People have modern and advanced science and technology.,Para.2 the general si

30、tuation,the power -,the power of science and technologywith the help of science and technology1. People can become very rich.2. People can be exterminated.Science can be used to get rid of poverty.Science can be used to destroy all human beings.,the power - the power of scie,revolutionary belief -,h

31、uman rightsAll men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them.see: Note 3,revolutionary belief - human,generosity, benevolence, good will, kindness, unselfishness,These words refer to a well wishing friendliness or concern f

32、or the needs and desires of other people.,generosity, benevolence, good,benevolence ,It has the widest range of any of these words suggesting an expansive and good-humored tolerance and sympathy for others 对别人善意的宽容与同情Working conditions were sought as a right, not as a of their employer.寻求良好的工作环境是权利，

33、而不是雇主的恩赐。,benevolence It has the wides,generosity -,focuses exclusively on the aspect of givingreferring to an unstintingly helpful act or habitthe generosity with which he shared his toys with other children,generosity - focuses exclusi,比较,benevolence - an unacted-upon feelinggenerosity - actual be

34、havior eg. He was a plantation owner who looked on his slaves with benevolence but could hardly be accused of treating them with generosity.他是一个以仁慈之心看待他的奴隶而谈不上慷慨厚待他们的庄园主。,比较benevolence - an unacted-up,good will ,good will - referring primarily to feelingkindness - to actionHe insisted that he wanted

35、 only her good will, not her kindness.他坚持只领她的好意，而非她的帮助（怜悯）。,good will good will - refer,unselfishness -,oint to a generosity that is based on a lack of self-concern , where generosity may emphasize the quantity given, possibly for ostentatious reasons, unselfishness stress the effacing personal sacr

36、ifice required - even if a lessen amount is given.强调具备自我牺牲和自我埋没的行动,unselfishness -point to a gen,unselfishness -,It was the tax deduction involved, rather than unselfishness, that prompted his generosity to the charity drive.促使他对慈善事业大施援手的动力不是无私之心而是为了减税。,unselfishness -It was the tax,at issue -,undec

37、ided , in disputeThe point at issue is whether you are willing to go abroad or not .That is not the point at issue.without issue to die without childrenHe died without issue.,at issue - undecided , in di,Para.3,general policy of the UShuman rights,Para.3 general policy of the U,torch,This refers to

38、the privilege and burden of leading the nation being passed to a new generation. The original reference is to the Olympic games before which a torch is carried from runner to runner. The flame of the torch eventually lights a fire that signals the opening of Olympics.,torchThis refers to the privil,

39、torch - metaphor,dutyrevolutionresponsibility - of keeping human rights,torch - metaphorduty,heritage,- all the qualities, traditions or features of life that have been continued over many years and passed on from one generation to another, used especially to refer to things that are of historical i

40、mportance or that have had a strong influence on society.,heritage - all the qualities,heritage,Peking opera is part of our cultural heritage.This building is part of British national heritage.,heritagePeking opera is part o,inheritance -,1. money or property which you receive from someone who is de

41、ad2. a situation or state of affairs which has been influenced by a particular event, person, book etc.(heritage),inheritance -1. money or pro,commit -,commit oneself to (doing) sth be committed to sth/ doing sth - promise/ pledge to do /support sth Allan has been committed to staying there for a lo

42、ng time.,commit - commit oneself to (,commit -,He has been committed to equal rights for women.Deeply committed to his religion, he has often spoken out against greed and misuse of power.Nobody committed themselves to a definite answer.,commit -He has been committed,general policy of the US,People i

43、n the US must keep and defend human rights not only in the US but also in the world as well.Para.4 strong determinationKennedy puts the US to the leader, so he says in order to keep human rights, we shall.,general policy of the USPeople,survival and the success of liberty,1. the survival and the suc

44、cess of free democratic countries.2. the newly independent third world countries,survival and the success of li,Para 5. transition,A one sentence paragraph that functions as a transition from the general to the specific. In the following paragraphs he will be addressing different specific groups of

45、nations. This much we promise to do and we promise to do more.,Para 5. transitionA one senten,Para. 6,the specific policy toward his friends and would-be friends,Para. 6 the specific policy t,allies -,ally. Britain, Canada, New Zealand, Australia,/ West European countriesa country that has a treaty

46、or an agreement to help and support another country, esp. during a war.,allies - ally. Britain, Cana,allied - adj.,the Allied and Associated Powers 协约国 WWIthe Allied Military Government 联合国民政府 WWII,allied - adj.the Allied and,cultural and spiritual origins -,1. speak the same language /belong to the

47、 some language family2. have the same religious belief,cultural and spiritual origins,antithesis -,United we can do everything.Divided we can do nothing. - the importance of unity,antithesis -United we can do,a powerful challenge -,a strong, powerful threat posed by the socialist campIf we are quarr

48、eling and split apart, we can not compete with the strong, powerful enemy in front of us.,a powerful challenge -a stron,Para. 7,Whom did he address?- some newly independent countries,Para. 7 Whom did he address?,Para. 7,1) He promises to aid (support) the newly independent countries so that they can

49、 remain free and independent.,Para. 7 1) He promises to aid,ranks of the free -,the community of free and independent nationsa far more iron tyranny - a communist dictatorshipriding the back of a tiger -Compare seeking the aid of socialist countries to riding he back of a tiger,ranks of the free -th

50、e commun,Para. 7,2) Those countries which foolishly seek the aid of socialist countries will end up by losing their independence as many other countries did in the past.It is dangerous to ride the back of the tiger. If you do, you will be swallowed up by the tiger. You will lose your power and indep