Great-Britain---History大不列颠历史解析课件.ppt

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1、Great-Britain-History大不列颠历史解析,Great-Britain-History大不列颠历史解析Great-Britain-History大不列颠历史解析CeltsWho were the Celts?European tribes When did they come to Britain?Between 750 and 100 B.C.What did they contribute to British society/culture?Began trade with the continentAncient civilization, language (Gael

2、ic),Great-Britain-History大不列颠历史解,Celts,Who were the Celts?European tribes When did they come to Britain?Between 750 and 100 B.C.What did they contribute to British society/culture?Began trade with the continentAncient civilization, language (Gaelic),CeltsWho were the Celts?,Roman Occupation (55 B.C

3、410 A.D.),Julius Caesar and the Romans invaded BritainRoman influence was a threat to hill dwellers (Celts) in Wales and ScotlandRomans built Hadrians Wall to keep back revolting tribes in ScotlandHow did the Romans influence British society?Roman occupation lasted for almost 350 yearsBuilt roads (t

4、rade routes)Language (alphabet),Roman Occupation (55 B.C 410,Anglo-Saxon Times (410-871 A.D.),Who were the Anglo-Saxons?Germanic TribesSpoke what is now known as “Old English”Defeated the CeltsPushed them into the mountains of Wales, Scotland, and across to Ireland,Anglo-Saxon Times (410-871 A.D,Ang

5、lo-Saxon Times,Why are they important?Created a “Nation of the English”Different tribes lacked unity, divided into many different kingdomsFinally united against Vikings in 8th CenturyLanguage contributionsBrought Christianity to Britain,Anglo-Saxon TimesWhy are they,Invasion of Vikings and Danish Ru

6、le,Who were the Vikings?Vikings (Northern warriors) invaded EnglandMost came from Norway or DenmarkWho is King Alfred?Anglo-Saxon KingDefeated Vikings Unified Anglo-SaxonsConsidered the first national hero,Invasion of Vikings and Danish,Norman Conquest,Who were the Normans?People from FranceEventual

7、ly replaced Anglo-Saxon rulers.The Battle of Hastings was a war to decide who would be king.Harold, was from Wessex (Britain)William the Conqueror, was from Normandy (France)Who won the Battle of Hastings?In 1066, William the Conqueror was the first Norman kingWilliam introduced feudalism to Britain

8、,Norman Conquest,Magna Carta,Magna Carta was the first document forced onto an English King by a group of his subjects in an attempt to limit his powers by law and protect their privilegesWhy was the Magna Carta important?Took some power away from the kingProtected the interests of the feudal lordsG

9、ranted townspeople freedom of trade and self-government,Magna CartaMagna Carta was th,Beginning of Parliament,How did Parliament develop in Britain?King called meetings with his vassalsAs the merchant class grew, they wanted more representation 1295 - “Model Parliament” included:Representatives from

10、 the upper classRepresentatives from the merchant class Why is Parliament important to British society?Limits the power of the KingAllows representation from many different social classes,Beginning of ParliamentHow did,The Hundred Years War,Who fought?French and the EnglishFighting finally ended in

11、1453England won, but the British rule was eventually returned to FranceWhat were the effects of this war?Both France and England began to focus on their internal problems,The Hundred Years WarWho foug,The Wars of the Roses,Why did they fight?They wanted control of BritainBoth families believed they

12、had the right to control England By 1485, the Wars of the Roses were overHow did these wars influence British history?The old feudal barons killed one anotherThe Wars of the Roses marked the end of feudalismPaved the road for the strong rule of the Tudor Kings,Who fought these wars?Two powerful fami

13、lies (Houses of Lancaster and York),The Wars of the RosesWhy did t,The Church of England,In the 1500s, King Henry VIII broke away from the Catholic Church.New church known as the Church of EnglandOften referred to as Anglican Church,The Church of EnglandIn the 15,Transition to Democracy,1640s Oliver

14、 Cromwell abolishes Monarchy and rules with Parliament. Ruled for 11 years.,After Cromwells death, monarchy is restored, but a slow transition into democratic government occurs until it is completely established during Victorian era (1800s),Transition to Democracy1640s,谢谢观赏！,2020/11/5,14,谢谢观赏！2020/11/514,