完型填空解题技巧及问题详解.doc

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1、word高中英语专题讲解-完形填空解题技巧一、完型填空试题主要特点：1.通常从一篇250词左右，夹叙夹议的文章中设空20个，首句不挖空做完形填空时要注意文章开头提示句的点题作用和短文中完整句的启示作用；2.考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出语篇的理解，突出文化背景;3. 干扰项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项的词性一样或属于同等或对等畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误，对考生有很大的迷惑作用。二、完形填空的解题思路：1句子理解考查单句语境中词语运用2上下文理解考查并列句与复合句语境中词语的运用3段落理解围绕段落主旨的段落语境中词语的运用4文章中心理解围绕文章中心的文

2、章整体语境中词语运用三、为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?1.没有严格遵循答题步骤:多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-18分钟.切记:一定要用2-3分钟时间进展缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和根本脉络后再着手逐个填空.2. 不注意积累答题技巧:a. 忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;b. 遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.四、完型填空考查容1.语篇信息词汇手段： 复 现 同 现语法手段： 替 代 省 略 语法项目逻辑手段： 顺序关系 并列关系 分指关系 转折关系 解释关系 因果关系

3、2.语篇结构语境理解词汇1.原词复现All of a sudden I started to feel rather _1_.She wondered why I was looking for this sort of_2_.I felt even more hopeless when she told me thatit would be difficult to get a job without experience.1. A. encouraged B. dissatisfied C. hopeless D. pleased C2. A. place B. job C. advice

4、 D. help BEvery student must wear their _1_ when they are at school. There are _2_ items of uniforms： suits， dresses， shorts， skirts and T-shirts. There are also Wasley schoolbags， caps and socks.1. A. long hair B. thick glassesC. sports shoes D. school uniforms D2. A. much B. three C. many D. a lot

5、 CMy sister and I grew up in a little village in England.Our father was a struggling_1 , but I always knew he was 2_ . he never criticized us ,but used praiseto bring out our best father said: “when I was 23, my dad persuaded me to go into law.1. A. biologist B. manager C. lawyer D. gardener C2. A.

6、strict B. honestC. special D. learned CIf he could replace his great pain with a feelingof love for others, then I should be _ to give up my small irritation(恼火).A. ready B. likely C. free D. able DStudents generally appreciate these special learning opportunities . They are almost always fun and in

7、teresting , and professors _them too becausestudents learn so much in just a few short months.A. hold B. like C. dislike D. discover BAt the table next to mine sat an attractive, _couple, waiting for.A. lonely B. curious C. well-dressed D. bad-tempered CThe next day Jenna went to see Mrs. Biden abou

8、t being on the school . Mrs. Biden wasnt asenthusiastic as Jenna. “Im sorry, but we have enough writerfor the newspaper already. B. newspaper C. radio D. team B原词重现I went to Wasley College with Winnic today. Wasley is a large， old _1_. It has three branch campuses分校： Clunes， Glen Waverly and Elaster

9、wick. It has a primary school， a _2_ school and a senior school. So there are twelve grades of _3_ studying there.1. A. school B. factory C. movie D. hospital A2. A. night B. junior C. high D. spare-time B3. A. workers B. boys C. students D. teachers CGarths was short, but I learned more from that m

10、essage than I ever did from a textbook. A. accurate B.urgent C. brief D. humorous C同义词、近义词复现Before setting out, I told Barrett this trip would be tiring and _. A. rough B. dirty C. anxious D. violent ASome parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very _A. deep B. high C. cold D.

11、 dangerous AThe correct water supply forecast is based more on the water from the _ than from the below. A. clouds B. sky C. air D. above DWhen we look at it as a whole, we begin to have some,which even the best guide-books do not answer.A. ideas B. opinions C. feelings D. questions DBut then again，

12、 would there be a chair in Room 316？ Or would it be an _ room？A. small B. empty C. new D. neat BHeres a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself_ so much money.A. for B. by C. to D. of CWe can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the _ home from work in the evenings. A.

13、way B. track C. path D. road 根据搭配确定词汇Leaning back, she _ her feet onto the sofa to get fortable. A. shook B. put C. bent D. kept B. put put。 onto 把。放在/搁在。 根据词义辨析确定词汇There are many different ways of seeing a town for the first time. One of them is to walk around it, guide-book hand. A. in B. at C. by

14、 D. on A3.根据词汇的意义与用法辨析词义Cassie looked at me, and her glare . I laughed, She smiledA.returned B. remainedC. increased D. softened DI knew she had strict sleeping habits, but I thought she ought to be able to_ some of this strictness. A.put up B. take upC. pick up D. give upDSoon I heard a_ like that

15、of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shoutAWhen the papers were _she discovered that twelve boys had made exactlyA. examined B. pletedC. marked D. answered C(Immediately ) the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to thehospital.A. animal B. biggest C. plant D

16、. nearest DIt was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their_1_. This was the beginning of another_2_day in New York City.1. A. jobs B. homes C. busesD. offices2. A. working B. hotC. sameD. ordinaryA. jobs 2题答案是D. ordinaryI made my sandw

17、ich that afternoon while waiting for Cassie.the butter-cream gave me an idea. A. Spreading B. Boiling C. Baking D. Holding AAnd video cameras can be used topeoples actions at home.A. keep B. make C. record D. watch C句际关系省略 替代 语法项目The strange Dr had been loved by someone:he had given his life,as Char

18、ley_,for a cause he believed right. A. / B.had been C. had D.had done C省略 :分指关系,转折关系,因果关系,解释关系,顺序关系,并列关系A formal letter is very different from an informal letter. Formal letters _1_ to businesses， schools or government offices. _2_ letters are for relatives， or former以前的 teachers. You may write an i

19、nformal letter by hand，but you should _3_ a formal letter.1. A. send B. are written C. write D. are dropped B2. A. Informal B. Formal C. Business D. Relative A3. A. copy B. type C. write D. share B It was a strange noise that made the man _1_ his car soon after he left a village _2_ London. He got o

20、ut of his car and _3_ the wheels车轮 carefully， but as he found nothing _4_ he continued his way.1. A. start B. stop C. slow D. speed B2. A. to B. for C. from D. of B3. A. repaired B. examined C. cleaned D. looked B4. A. wrong B. danger C. interesting D. matter AIt has been many years since I was last

21、 in London_ still remember something that happened during that visit.A. and B. for C. but D. as CShe was small in figure but strong in _.A.brain B. wish C. will D. health C Although the happiest time for many students is getting letters from home, my mailbox was frequently _.A. empty B. full C. clos

22、ed D. open A根据连词(and, but, although)确定选项。Every morning I got on the school bus right near my home that was no problem. After school, _, when all the buses were lined up along the street, I was afraid that Id get on the wrong one and be taken to some, unfamiliar neighborhood.A. though B. yet C. altho

23、ugh D. still AHe appeared calm,_ inside his heart was beating wildly with fear.A. and B. or C. but D. otherwise CMark knelt down and helped the boy picked up these articles. _ they were going the same way, he helped to carry some of them for him. A. Although B. since C. After D. UntilB since 表由于,引导原

24、因状语从句, although让步状语从句,表转折,after引导时间状语从句.Think about it, _, while walking to work, we mark where we are by passing a certain building, why should we not mark where we are when we pass a familiar, though unnamed, person?A. Because B. If C. Although D. However B. if 假设关系.Jenna, a popular girl from West

25、wood Middle School, had graduatedfirst in her class and was ready for newchallenges in high school. , high schoolwas different. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Besides B转折关系Neilson considers herself lucky_she suffered injuries.A.and B.but C.though C让步关系I realized strength and courage arent a

26、lways measured in medals and victories， but in the struggles we overe战胜。 The strongest people are not always the people who win， _ the people who dont give up when they lose.A. or B. nor C. and D. but D First of all， I respected his devotion to teaching_， I admired the fact that he would talk to stu

27、dents outside the classroom or talkFinally， I was attracted by his lively sense of humor. 全国卷A. Later B. Secondly C. However D. Therefore B篇章结构 语境理解在做完形填空时，我们要理清文章思路，把握作者的态度或思想感情，这对做好一篇完形有着不可估量的作用，否如此可能导致几个空格的连续选填失误。There are so many wonderful stories about the _ in this dog, but my favorite is one

28、that created an image of how to _ what is needed without reserve. Tears sprung to my eyes as I witnessed this beautiful act of unconditional love form an animal who taught us how to serve life with such grace.A. love B. pleasure C. faith D. memory AA. gain B. abandon C. give D. get C文章主要讲我家的狗对它的朋友的爱

29、和无私的给予给作者带来的震撼。巧用语境暗示线索解题 有的空格根据所在句的句意或附近上下文的语境我们无法作出正确的选择，要想作出正确判断，同学们应特别注意空格前后所出现的相关词语，尤其注意找出其中重复出现的暗示性词语。如：Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the _ have made up their minds to ring the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest 抗议 against heavy trucks

30、 which run day and night through the narrow High Street. 全国卷 A. college B. village C. town D. church D完形填空正确答题步骤:跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破再读全文，反复检查精讲精练一When Sir Winston Churchill, the great British Prime Minister, reached his eightieth birthday in November, 1954, he was presented wi

31、th his portrait by a well-known modem artist, Graham SutherlanDThe painting had been ordered and paid for to 1 the Grand Old Man of World War.Sir Winston and Lady Churchill were deeply moved by this 2 of respect and affection. 3 of them, of course, allowed the others to see how much they both dislik

32、ed the portrait. “It makes me look 4 , which I am not! protested Churchill in private(私下). 5 , he only remarked that it was fine example of modern art. His friends smileDIt was known that Churchills didnt 6 modern art.Churchill was so unhappy about the portrait that finally his wife had it 7 . Churc

33、hill died at ninety in 1965Land Churchill 8 him in 1977Shortly after her death, the public learned what had happened to the 9 , and a heated argument broke out. The painter was 10 saDThe artist munity, shocked and 11 , said that the destruction of the picture had been a crime (罪行). Historians said t

34、hat they regretted the disappearance of a(n) 12 document. All agreed that Churchills didnt have the 13 to do what they had done.Graham Sutherland had told Churchill that he would 14 him “as he saw him. Churchill never had a chance to see the work in 15 since the painter 16 to show it to him. He foun

35、d out only 17 he received his present that Sutherland had seen him 18 a heavy, sick, tired old man. Since he hated old age, he was naturally 19 .Who has the right to a work of art, the owner, the donor, or the artist who created it? Was the portrait a good one, as many(including the painter) said? O

36、r was it bad as others thought? None of these questions have been answered yet to everybodys 20 .1 Agive Bregard Cpaint Dhonour2 Amark Bpiece Cprize Dtrade3 ANeither BBoth CEither DAll4 Awise Bgentle Cstupid Dhappy5 AFortunately BObviously CStraight DPublicly6 Acare for Blook like Cturn down Dmake u

37、p7 Ahidden Bhung Cdestroyed Dreturned8 Amourned Bmissed Cfollowed Dburied9 Apainting Bman Cwoman Dartist10Aunderstandably Bunexpectedly Cunreasonably Dunthinkingly11Aafraid Bregretful Ccurious Dangry12Ainteresting Bcolorful Cexpensive Dhistorical13Achance Bright Cpower Dcourage14Ahelp Bobey Cpaint D

38、show15Aprogress Bplace Cneed Dsight16Aagreed Bpromised Crefused Dhated17Auntil Bwhen Cbefore Dthough18Aas Bto Cabout Dfor19Amoved Bworried Ctired Dhurt20Asurprise Bdisappointment Cdelight Dsatisfaction精讲精练二It was already late when we set out for the next town, 1 according to the map was about fiftee

39、n miles away on the other side of the 2 .There we felt 3 that we would find a bed 4 the night. Darkness fell soon after we left the village, but luckily we met 5 as we drove fast along the narrow winding road that 6 the hills. As we climbed 7 , it became colder and rain began to fall, 8 it difficult

40、 at times to see the roaDI asked John, my panion, to drive more 9 .After we had traveled for about twenty miles, there was still no sign of the town which was 10 on the map. We were beginning to get 11 . Then without warning the car stoppeDA quick 12 showed that we had run out of petrol汽油. Although

41、we had little food with us, we decided to 13 the night in the car. Our meal was soon over. I tried to go to sleep at once, 14 John, who was a 15 sleeper, got out of the car after a few minutes and went for a walk 16 the hills. Soon he came back. From the top of the hill he had seen, in the valley be

42、low, the 17 of the town we were looking for. We at once unloaded卸all our luggage行and with a great effort努力, 18 to push the car to the top of the hill. Then we went back to the luggage, loaded the car again and set off down the hill. 19 less than a quarter of an hour we were in the town, where we found a 20 quite easily.1 Awhich Bit Cwhere Dthat2 Arivers Bhills Ctowns Dvillages3 Asurprised Bafraid Cpleased Dsure4 Aat Bin Cthrough Dfor5 Aeverybody Bsomebod