托福听力遇到生词该如何应对.doc

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1、托福听力遇到生词该如何应对 在托福听力进行的过程中，大家总是难免遇到生词。今天给大家带来托福听力遇到生词该如何应对，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。托福听力遇到生词该如何应对?(1)在连续不断听各种各样的英语题材中解决疑难问题。例如VOA I980年在播送military junta(南美各国政变后上台的军政府)中的iunta一词时，词中的j发h的音。根据这个发音在词典上查不到，请教别人也得不到答案。1981年某日 的VOA节目专门回答了听众提出的这一个语音问题，才知道是junta这个词的一种异读。(2)根据上下文的意思推敲。现代信息社会的语言发展很快，新词层出不穷，经常会

2、碰到一些词典里查不着的词，或者一个老的词随着时间的推移又有了新的释义等等。碰到这种情况，除了向别 人请教外，只有靠自己独立判断了。所以这种根据上下文的内容判断(新词的意思或者词的新义)的做法不是图省事，而是为了锻炼一种对于英语水平较高的人来说 必须具备的猜测词义的本领。例如demagnetize一词在词典里只有“去磁、消磁”等解释，但是在报导古巴外逃难民去美国的消息里用了此词，显然不会与，去磁、退磁有关， 但是词典里没有别的解释。碰到这种情况可以查 “magnetize”的解释，其中有“吸引”之意，据此可以推测出应该做 “使失去吸引力”解。又如1994年8月间在报导美国的棒球队员罢工时突然出现

3、 salary cap的说法，词典里查不到。但是根据上下文可以推测出来是限制队员工资的意思。后来的消息中又用了The players feared the owners would finally impose a salarv limitation next season 的说法，证明推测是正确的。美国邮局的劳动强度大，条件差。1991年发生一邮局工人因劳动待遇差又被解雇而枪杀他人的事件。此后就有going postal 的说法，表示对于工作条件和待遇极度不满。所以在听懂上下文意思的情况下要敢于发挥，而不拘泥于词典里是不是有此解释。退一步说，即使自己的推测与分析木合适，也没有太大关系，因为反

4、正你从其他词典里找不到合适的解释。何况随着水平的提高，认识也会不断提高，可以找到更贴切的解释。托福听力练习对照文本Before we adjourn, Id like to remind everybody about the upcoming fundraising eventthe ten kilometer run.在我们休会之前，我想提醒大家关于即将到来的筹款活动十公里跑。The run is being organized to help raise money for the renovation of the old gym.组织这次跑步是为了帮助旧的体育馆翻修筹款。Our gy

5、m is in desperate need of repair, and the university must rely entirely on private donations to pay for its renovation.我们的体育馆迫切需要维修，而大学必须完全地依靠私人捐款来支付它的翻修。This event will be the students contribution to the effort. The procedure for participating is quite simple.本次活动将会是学生对慈善运动的贡献，参与的程序非常简单。No entranc

6、e fees, no advance registration, and you dont have to be the best athlete on campus.没有入场费，没有预约登记，而且你不必是校园里最好的运动员。You only need to find sponsors willing to contribute one or more dollars for every kilometer of the race that you complete.你只需要去寻找愿意为你完成的赛跑的每一公里贡献一美金或者更多钱的赞助者。So, for example, if you run

7、all ten kilometers, youll collect ten dollars from someone who has pledged to give you one dollar per kilometer.所以，举例来说，如果你跑了全部的十公里，你将从承诺每公里给你一美金的人那里募集十美金。After the run, a race official will record the number of kilometers youve completed.跑完步，比赛工作人员将记录你已经完成的公里数。You can then show the record to your s

8、ponsors when you collect the money.那时你就能在募集钱的时候给你的赞助者出示该记录。You might encourage your friends to run in the race by telling them that there will be awards for everyone who gets five sponsors or more.你可以鼓励你的朋友们参加跑步比赛，通过告诉他们所有得到五个或者更多的赞助者的人将会得到奖励。But above all, itll just be a lot of fun.但首先，这将会很好玩。So, p

9、lease spread the word and get everyone involved either as runners or sponsors.所以，请散播一下消息，并且每个人都参与进来，不论是作为跑步者或者是赞助者。托福听力练习对照文本And as we enter this next gallery, please turn your attention to the statue on your right.当我们进入下一个陈列室时，请把你的注意力转向你右侧的雕像。Its a bust of the seventh President of the United States

10、, Andrew Jackson.它是第七任美国总统的半身像。Andrew Jackson，It was done by American sculptor Hiram Powers.它是由美国雕刻家Hiram Powers完成的。Mr. Powers is particularly significant to our sculpture collection here at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.Powers先生对我们大都会艺术博物馆这里的雕刻收藏尤其重要。His statue entitled California was the first wo

11、rk by an American artist to become part of the collection at the Met.他的名为California的雕像是成为大都会收藏的美国艺术家的第一件作品。But back to this piece. When Powers was modeling this bust, he asked the President, who was 68 years old at the time, if he wanted to be made to appear younger than that.让我们回到这件作品上来。当Powers为这个半

12、身像制作模型时，他问当时68岁的总统，他是否想(让他的雕像)被制作的显得(比实际年龄)年轻一些。President Jackson replied that he didnt; so as you can see, hes shown here with wrinkles and lines of aging etched on his face.Jackson总统回答他不想;因此，如你所见，他被满面沧桑的展现在这里。Consequently, this bust is considered to be one of the most realistic portrayals of Andre

13、w Jackson.结果，这个半身雕像被认为是Andrew Jackson最现实的写照之一。Powers traveled from his studio in Italy to the White House to do the original study for the bust.Powers从他在意大利的工作室启程来到白宫，做这个半身雕像的原型习作。He did the study in clay, but he sculpted the final statue from fine Italian marble, as you can see.他用粘土做的习作，但他从上好的意大利大理

14、石上雕刻最终的雕像。I should add that the usual practice at the time was to get local artisans to do the actual carving of the marble.我应该补充，那时的惯例是让当地的技工做真正的大理石雕刻。Note that the President is draped in a Roman toga. This is because in the nineteenth century that was the customary attire for representations of he

15、ads of state and other important figures.注意总统披着一件罗马宽外袍。这是因为在十九世纪，那是惯例服装，代表了国家元首和其他要人。Powers kept the bust in his studio until after President Jacksons death, when it was sold to the Democratic Club in New York City.Powers在他的工作室保留着这个半身像，直到Jackson总统去世时，那时它被卖给纽约市民主党俱乐部。It was lent to us here at the Met

16、 in 1874 and twenty years later became part of our permanent collection.它于1874年借给我们大都会，并且在二十年之后成为我们永久的收藏。Now, if youll step this way, well move on to the next piece.现在，如果你往这边走，我们将转向下一个作品。一托福听力练习对照文本If you liked the colorful animals we just saw, youre going to love these next animals: frogs.如果你喜欢我们刚刚

17、见到的色彩斑斓的动物，你们将会喜欢这些接下来的动物：蛙类。You might not normally think of frogs as being colorful, but these frogs definitely are.你们可能通常不认为蛙类是色彩斑斓的，但是这些蛙类的确是的。They are the dart-poison frogs of Central and South America.它们是中部和南部美洲的箭毒蛙。Look at their striking colors, often yellow with black stripes or deep blue wit

18、h black spots.看看它们醒目的颜色，通常是黄色带着黑色条纹或者深蓝色带着黑点。Beyond being nice to look at, these markings have a purpose.除了好看之外，这些斑纹还有一个目的。They warn predators that these frogs are poisonous.它们警告捕食者这些蛙类是有毒的。When threatened, these frogs secrete a substance through their skin that would easily kill whatever animal mig

19、ht try to eat them.当受到威胁时，这些蛙类通过它们的皮肤分泌一种物质，可以轻易的杀死可能试图要吃掉它们的任何动物。Their bright colors communicate this, and so most animals tend not to hunt them.它们明亮的颜色传递了这个(信息)，所以大部分动物不会去捕猎它们。Now, speaking of hunting, for centuries these frogs were sought after by hunters.好，说道捕猎，几个世纪以来，这些蛙类受到猎人们的需要。As you might t

20、hink, the hunters didnt want to eat the frogs, but rather, they captured them for their poison.正如你所想的，猎人不是想吃这些蛙类，而是，他们捕获它们是为了它们的毒素。They would add the poison to the tips of their hunting arrows.他们会把毒素添加到他们打猎(用的)箭尖上。Of course, nowadays most hunters use guns.当然，现在大部分猎人用枪。These days, dart-poison frogs a

21、re of less interest to hunters than to medical researchers.目前，猎人比研究者对箭毒蛙的兴趣小。Researchers believe that they can make new heart medicine from the poison, because it acts as a stimulant on the bodys nervous system.研究者相信他们能从毒素中制造新的心脏药物。Researchers think they could use it to stimulate a weak heart.研究者认为他

22、们能使用它来刺激心脏衰竭。There is, however, a problem with doing research on these frogs.然而，在这些蛙类上做研究有一个问题。Those that are caught in the wild will produce their poison until they die.从自然环境中捕捉的那些(蛙)将产生毒素直至他们死去。However, those that are born in captivity, like the ones you see here, will not produce any poison at all.然而，那些出生在圈养(环境中的)，像你们看到的这些，将根本不会产生任何毒素。