托福口语备考提升水平思路拓展.doc

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1、托福口语备考提升水平思路拓展 托福口语备考提升水平思路拓展 用脱口秀节目练口语具体方法在这里,今天就给大家带来了托福口语备考提升水平思路拓展 ，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。托福口语备考提升水平思路拓展 用脱口秀节目练口语具体方法在这里预测脱口秀的话题(Predict the conversation topics)如果你知道谁会出现在这一期的脱口秀以及为什么这一期邀请他(她)作为嘉宾，那么这时你就可以预测主持人和嘉宾交谈的话题了。上网搜素最近的新闻或是明星的花边新闻，能帮助你猜测可能的话题。这可以助力你的听力，你可以更好地理解他们的谈话。当你在观看的时候，你可以注意比较

2、实际的谈话内容和你预测的话题是否一致，你猜对了吗?他们实际上聊了什么呢?暂停并尝试回答开放性问题(Pause and answer open questions)因为脱口秀是访谈性质的，所以你在观看的时候需要注意主持人的交谈方式，学习他(她)是怎么样与人进行交谈的。在不同话题之间的自然过渡或是怎样回答一个开放性问题都是学习者们需要掌握的技能。为了更好地练习，我们可以在主持人提问完后按暂停键，然后基于你之前的搜素尝试着回答这些问题。列下对话的提纲并重现对话(Outline the conversations and reenact)在你观看的时候，你可以记下笔记、罗列出提纲。过后，你可以尝试根据

3、你的笔记，选一个话题来进行对话。没有必要逐字记下，只需根据你的笔记来创建新的对话内容。你可以与你的朋友们一起观看，并尝试着就同一个话题进行对话，或者也可以记下笔记之后再利用笔记进行谈话。这是练习口语以及在采访时掌握话语权主导的好方法。注意字幕(Watch with subtitles)当你在观看脱口秀的时候，你可以打开字幕，注意她们说话的内容并尝试跟着说。如果你是在网上看的，当你遇到不理解的地方时你也可以暂停去查找这个词汇的意思。你也可以把你不认识的新词拍下来，这样你过后就可以通过图像记忆法来回忆这个单词。看到对话的语境和情景可以更好地帮助你记住新的单词。托福(TOEFL)考试口语做笔记技巧众

4、所周知，为了模拟北美大学课堂的学术气氛和学生在校园生活的方方面面，新托福考试的口语部分首次允许考生做课堂笔记(笔记考完要上交，但笔记不算分)、并要求考生能够发表自己的意见和看法，而且必须具备对教授推荐的参考书写出读书报告、阐明自己观点的能力以及其他处理校园生活中可能遇到的各种情况的能力。*拟对新托福口语考试(包括独立口语任务和综合口语任务)中如何做笔记的问题做深人地分析和探讨。Note-taking in the Independent Task该部分要求考生就某一自己熟悉的话题阐述自己的观点。一类问题是自由回答间题(Free-choice Response)，如：If you could h

5、ave any job in the world, what would it be? Use details to support your. response;另一类是选择类问题(Paired-choice Response)，如：Do you like to try new kinds of food or eat the same kind of food all the time? Use details and examples to support your response,准备时间为15秒，回答问题时间为45秒。问题会被朗读出来，且同时出现在屏幕上。考生可以不用理会电脑的朗读

6、，迅速阅读完问题。这样可以争取大概5秒，那么在这大约20秒内，考生可在草稿纸上迅速记下自己所要表达的关键信息。这里记笔记的方法为“TST表格”。TST ( Topic-Supporting ideas-Transitions)意思是考生须在草稿纸上用一到两个词写下欲表达的Topic(主题)，Supporting ideas(分论点)和Transitions(信号词)。下面试举一例：Question:Where would you want to be professionally in ten years? Use details to support your response.考生应迅速在

7、纸上写下“own bus.”、“master”、“work com.”、“start”等信息见以下TST( TopicSupporting ideasTransitions )表格。Topic statement: own bus. (I would like to own my own business) Supporting ideas: ( How I will work toward owning my business).master (Will get masters in business ).work com. (Will work in company while plann

8、ing my business).start (Will start my own business when I am ready)Transitions: 10 next because 3 within 10 y (可用y代替 years)Sample AnswerIn ten years I would like to win an import business of my own. Next year, I will be starting a masters program in business with a specialization in entrepreneurship

9、. I will be getting this degree because I hope to start my own business and make it successful some day. After I finish my masters degree three years from now, I will most likely take a position in another company for a few years to make some money and to spend some time planning my own business. Wi

10、thin ten years, I hope to own my own company and be on the way to making it a success.再举一例：Question:Sometimes students have to write papers. Sometimes they have to give oral presentations. Which activity do you think is better for students, and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.考

11、生应迅速在纸上写下“pap”、“strong read write exams”、“more time think deeply”等信息。见以下TST( TopicSupporting ideasTransitions )表格：:Topic: pap (writing papers is better for students) Supporting ideas: (Why writing papers is better).strong read write exams (need strong writing skills for reading and writing and prepa

12、re for exams).more time think deeply (show understanding for more time to explain and think deeply)Transitions: firstly because, so alsoSample AnswerI think writing papers is better for students. Firstly we need to develop strong writing skills. We go to school mainly to learn reading and writing, s

13、o we need a lot of practice. Examinations require a lot of writing, so writing papers is good reparation. Also, I think writing is a better way to show that I understand. When I write a paper, I can think deeply because I have more time to explain my ideas.托福考试中经常用到的谚语习语归纳1. A bosom friend afar brin

14、gs a distant land near. 海内存知己，天涯若比邻。2. A common danger causes common action. 同舟共济。3. A contented mind is a continual / perpetual feast. 知足常乐。4. A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。5. A guest should suit the convenience of the host. 客随主便。6. A letter from home is a priceless treasure. 家书抵

15、万金。7. All rivers run into the sea. 殊途同归。8. All time is no time when it is past. 机不可失，时不再来。9. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一日一个苹果，身体健康不求医。10. As heroes think, so thought Bruce. 英雄所见略同。11. A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。12. Behind the mountains there are people to be found. 天外有天，山外

16、有山。13. Bad luck often brings good luck. 塞翁失马，安知非福。14. Bread is the stall of life. 面包是生命的支柱。(民以食为天。)15. Business is business. 公事公办。16. Clumsy birds have to start flying early. 笨鸟先飞。17. Courtesy costs nothing. 礼多人不怪。18. Custom makes all things easy. 习惯成自然。19. Desire has no rest. 人的欲望无止境。20. Difficult

17、the first time, easy the second. 一回生，二回熟。21. Do not change horses in mid-stream. 别在河流中间换马。22. Do not have too many irons in the fire. 贪多嚼不烂。23. Do not pull all your eggs in one basket. 别把所有的蛋都放在一个篮子里。(不要孤注一掷。)24. Do not teach fish to swim. 不要班门弄斧。25. East or west, home is the best. 东奔西跑，还是家里好。26. Ex

18、perience is the best teacher. 实践出真知。27. Fact is stranger than fiction. 事实比虚构更离奇。(大千世界，无奇不有。)28. Faith can move mountains. 信念能移山。(精诚所至，金石为开。)29. First impressions are half the battle. 先入为主。30. Give as good as one gets. 一报还一报。(以德报德，以怨还怨。)31. Give everyone his due. 一视同仁。32. Good wine needs no bush. 酒香不

19、怕巷子深。33. Haste makes waste. 欲速则不达。(忙中常出错。)34. He that promises too much means nothing. 轻诺者寡信。35. He who has an art has everywhere a part. 一招鲜，吃遍天。36. He would climb the ladder must begin at the bottom. 千里之行始于足下。37. Home is where the heart is. 心在哪里，哪里就是家。38. If you are not inside a house, you don not

20、 know about its leaking. 不在屋里，不知漏雨。(亲身经历才有体会。)39. In peace prepare for war. 平时准备战时。(居安思危。)40. It is never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢，犹未为晚。托福口语考试常考题目归纳第一类托福口语task 1考题：Describe the famous person you admire most. Explain why you admire this person. Include details and examples to support your response. (TO

21、FEL ibt 08.06.22) 这是一个people类的考题，我们拿到一个题目后，脑海中应该立刻浮现出最基本的答题框架： topic sentence + supporting ideas. Topic sentence是比较容易想的，甚至是可以虚构的，所以问题就落在supporting ideas的思路上。描述一个人，最容易的角度便是这个人内在的qualities. 如：humorous, open-minded, easy-going, warm-hearted, community-minded, high driven, visionary, knowledgeable 有了这些点

22、之后，我们要想办法把点变成线，也就是把一个观点扩充成一到两个句子。我们可以用描述的方法去讲这个观点同意转换，如hes a very open-minded person and hes always flexible to changes. 同时我们还可以用举例的方法来进行扩展，如 Hes a high-driven guy and he worked so hard on his Toefl test, study almost 24/7.第二类托福口语task 1考题：Choose an object you like and explain why it is of special va

23、lue to you. Please include specific examples and details in your explanation. (TOFEL ibt 08.02.24)，这道题属于物品题，物品的题目也是一个常考点，但是准备的面比较广，可能会出成：a type of pet (Longman p.52)，a kind of game (Longman p.72)，your important gift (Longman p.64)，咱们可以从两个角度去答题：对物品本身的简单描述 + 物品的*或是重要意义，如描述宠物可以说: coz he keeps me compan

24、y, when I was sad, he was always by my side. 又如描述礼物可以说: The psp was a gift from my Grandpa, it was a credit to my hard work on the SAT test.第三类托福口语task 1考题：If you could live abroad, where would you go? Explain why you would go there. (Longman p.42)。 地方题目也是常考题型，变换方式相对较少，比如有：the city you live (Longman

25、 p.31)，a city you have always wanted to go (TOFEL ibt 08.02.02)，your favorite place when you were a child (TOFEL ibt 08.03.08)等等。地点题的答题思路为：景色，饮食，高雅休闲场所，教育，就业机会。如果说美国，景色可以描述national park, the beauty of nature well preserved, 饮食可以说dessert, Ive got a sweet tooth, 如说高雅休闲场所，可以说Broadway, or NBA games，教育可以

26、谈美国的大学，就业机会可以谈美国的500 fortunes. 再比如如果讲苏州，景色可以说gardens，well preserved ancient building, 就业机会可以讲讲苏州工业园，SIP，provides a lot of job and internship opportunities for graduates第四类托福口语task 1考题：来看一个例题：What is the most memorable event you experienced in your life? Explain why it is memorable. (Longman p.50)，类似

27、的事件题的关键形容词可以换为：embarrassing (Longman p.70)， challenging (TOFEL ibt 07.03.03)，disappointing (TOFEL ibt 08.03.30)，hard (TOFEL ibt 08.06.17)等等。较难的题可以出成：Describe a time when you needed help from others, how he or she helped you and what was the result? Please include details and examples to support your

28、 answer. (TOFEL ibt 07.04.29)，这类题目跟个人亲身经历有关，考场上容易一时没有思路，也很难去杜撰，所以应在考前多去回忆童年往事，同时尝试着用英文表达出来，假如实在无法勾起美好的回忆，那就去杜撰吧, 注意是考前练习时杜撰，千万别到了考场上再去杜撰。以上四类是托福口语task 1考察频率最高的四大类，还有一些话题是托福口语task 1会涉及到的，如工作职业类(这类主要是关于人生的目标，职业的选择，工作的兴趣等等)，学校教育类，new skill you would like to learn (TOFEL ibt 08.01.19)，文化娱乐类，这类题目涉及到文化、艺术

29、、娱乐等生活中常见的题材。比如：a book that you want to read again (Longman p.58)，an important composition, example: essay, poem, letter (TOFEL ibt 08.05.17)，a TV program that you really like to watch (Longman p.54)，a type of music you like most (Longman p.56)等等，需要考生在考前花大量的时间去整理思路，只有做到有备无患，在能在考场上胸有成竹，口若悬河。托福考试口语复习指

30、导新托福的口语考试部分的第三题和第四题要求考生首先在45秒钟内读完100字左右长度的单一段落，今天我们讨论一下如何掌握新托福口语考试中的阅读节奏。我们有时会担心，阅读速度的加快会影响阅读理解的准确率，其实这是一种误解。当然，盲目追求阅读速度必然要影响阅读理解的质量。我们应该做的是掌握正确的阅读节奏：“根据快和慢两种速度交替而成的节奏来变化自己的阅读速度。” 唱歌因韵律节奏而动听，说话因轻重缓急而悦耳，阅读也是一样，快慢相间的阅读速度才能收到良好的阅读效果。我们知道，句子是由词组成的，但同一句中的各个词的分量不尽相同，有的起着关键的作用;段落是由句子构成的，然而同一段落中的各个句子的分量也是不尽

31、相同的，有的是关键句、核心句，有的则起着辅助说明的作用，为阐述中心思想而服务。这些关键词、关键句表达的正是段落的重要信息，抓住了它们就等于抓住了段落的核心，就知道了什么地方应该加快速度，什么地方应该放慢速度，当然也就掌握了阅读节奏。一般而言，对于关键词和关键句应该慢读，做到充分理解，牢牢把握;而对非关键词和非关键句应加快阅读速度，抢出时间，用以反复阅读重点句或归纳总结。请看下面的示例：例1：阅读下面的段落：A lot of people think that cultural anthropology is just about studying the special and strange

32、 aspects of a society, but anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life that seems so ordinary that the people in the society think they are not significant.阅读此句，我们不难找到一些关键词，如：cultural anthropology, the special and strange aspects of life, but, anthropologists, interested, ordinary, si

33、gnificant。这些关键词反映了此句的主要信息：“许多人认为文化人类学就是研究特殊而奇怪的社会现象，但人类学家有时还对一些人们认为不重要的、看起来很普通的生活现象感兴趣。”通过分析关键词，我们又发现“but”这个具有转折意义的连接词向我们显示了此句的后半句才是整个句子的核心部分，它提示我们阅读时应更加留心阅读后半句的关键词，提炼关键信息。因此，我们可以很肯定地确认此句最重要的意义应该是： “Anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life so ordinary that people dont think they ar

34、e significant.” 并且也可以很肯定地预测，如有下文，也一定是就后半句所反映的核心信息继续论述，而不是前半句的。这样，在阅读时，我们就会把目光把注意力更加有目的地集中在后半句的关键词上，而对那些附加修饰、说明的部分，如：修饰people的a lot of 、in the society就可以快速阅读，甚至略去不读，因为它不影响我们对中心意思的理解与把握。例2：阅读下面的段落：Smell and MemoryScientists are producing an increasing number of findings on the links between smell and

35、memory. The most prominent scientist in this field is Dr. Alan Hirsch, a US neurologist who specializes in the treatment of patients who have lost their sense of smell or taste. He believes that the memories that certain smells bring back to people are not actually as important as the emotions that

36、are associated with the smells. He also argues that our minds filter these emotions in a positive way, making past times seem better than they perhaps were.我们注意到这个段落的题目是“Smell and Memory”，我们还知道题目是中心思想的反映。据此，我们可以得知本段主要论述的应是 smell and memory之间的联系，由此找到了关键词语“the links between smell and memory”(在段首)，而能说明它们之间关系的句子又是最后一句。所以，这个段落的核心信息是： “Some smells remind us of a previous thing in a way that is better than the real experience.” 由此判定，本段的首尾都需细心地、稍慢地阅读，而对“最著名的;专门治疗何种病人的”这样相对次要的句子就可以加快阅读速度