归化策略在张培基先生分析研究 体育运动专业.docx

题目归化策略在张培基先生三篇英译散文中的应用ONTHEDOMESTICATIONSTRATEGYOFZHANGPE1.JrSENG1.ISHTRANS1.ATIONOFTHREEESSAYSAcknow1.edgmentsManypeop1.ehaveofferedmeva1.uab1.ehe1.pinmythesiswriting,inc1.udingmytutor,myc1.assmatesandnyparents.First1.y.Iwou1.d1.iketogivemysinceregratitudetoProf.MaBaoying,rnysupervisorwho,wiextraordinarypatienceandconsistentencouragement,gavemegreathe1.pbyprovidingmewithnecessarymateria1.s,adviceofgreatva1.ueandinspirationofnewideas.Itishersuggestionsthatdrawmyattentiontoanumberofdeficienciesandmakemanythingsc1.earer.Withoutherstrongsupport,thisthesiscou1.dnothavebeenthepresentform.Myheartfe1.tthanksa1.sogotoProf.1.iQiang,nyteacherofhesiswritingcourse,forhishe1.pinthemakingofthisthesisaswe1.1.ashisen1.ightening1.ecturesfromwhichIhavebenefitedagreatdea1.Then.Iamp1.easedtoacknow1.edgemyc1.assmatesfortheirinva1.uab1.eassistancethroughoutIhepreparationoftheorigina1.manuscript.Theygracious1.ymakeconsiderab1.ecommentsandsoundsuggestionstotheout1.ineofthispaper.Besides.1amextreme1.ygratefu1.formyroommatesfortheircommentsandwiseadvicethoughtheiradviceisnota1.waystaken,wherefau1.tsandinfe1.icitiesremain.Fina1.1.y,Iwou1.d1.iketoexpressmygratitudetomyparentsfortheirsupport：thecomputertheyprovidedforInetosearchforinfb11naionisofgreathe1.p1.ocomp1.etethisthesis.AbstractWiththestrengtheningofChina,scomprehensivenationa1.strength,Chinesecu1.tureisnowwide1.yspreadthroughoutthewor1.d.Eng1.ishtrans1.ationofChineseIiteraQ1senesasabridgeforEng1.ishreaderstounderstandChinaintheprocessofthecu1.tura1.exchangesbetweenChinaandEng1.ish-speakingcountries.ProseisaIitcrarj1genrefu1.1.off1.exibi1.ityoccupiesanimportantpositioninChinese1.iterature.ModemChineSe-P心efu1.1.ydisp1.ayedthecu1.tura1.heritageandsocia1.customsofChina.Trans1.ationofmodernChineseproseisconduciveforEng1.ishreaderstounderstandChina,andthequa1.ityofitstrans1.ationa1.soref1.ectsthetrans1.ator'scapabi1.ity.Thisthesisho1.dsthatdomesticationisaneffectivestrategyforthetrans1.ationofmodernChineseprose,whichhe1.psthereadertobetterunderstandthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterncu1.tures.Theapp1.icationofDomesticationStrategyintrans1.atingChineseprosewi1.1.makethetrans1.atedtextmorereadab1.etotheEng1.ishreaders.ThiSthesisattemptstoana1.yzethreetypica1.essaysinSe1.ectedModemChineseEssays(I)throughcontrastinthe1.anguageandCaSCana1.ysis,hopingtoexp1.orethepositiveeffectsofDomesticationStrategyonmodemChineseprosetrans1.ation.Keywords:DomesticationStrategy;ChinesetoEng1.ishIranSIaIion;prose摘要随着中国综合国力的增强，中国文化在世界范围内广泛传播。中国与英语国家之间的文化交流日益增多，在此过程中，英译中文文学作品为英语读者搭建了一座J'解中国的桥梁。散文是一种灵活的文学体裁，在文学中占据若求要的地位。其中，中国现代散文充分展示了中国现代的文化底蕴和社会风俗，洋好中国现代散文有利于英语读者J'解中国，同时能否将其译好也是对译者翻译功底的考除.本文认为归化是英译中国现代散文的一种有效策略，能帮助减少中西文化之间的差异，翻译过程中能将中文作品中具有中国特色的内容处理成易于英语读齐理解的内容。本文通过语言对比，案例分析，对英译中文现代散文选-)?中的三篇译作进行定量研九以探尢归化策略在英译中国现代散文中起到的枳极作用.知词:归化策略：英译汉；散文Contents.Acknow1.edgmentsiAbstractii摘要iii1. Introduction.11.1 TheTheoryofDomesticationStrategy11.2 Mr.ZhangandHisProseTrans1.ations12. 1.iteratureReview32.1 Studiesabroad32.2 DomesticStudy43App1.icationofDomesticationStratCNintheSe1.ectedEssays53.1 SignificanceoftheSchctcdEssays53.1.1 1.inguis(icFeaturesoftheOrigina1.Texts53.1.2 1.inguisticFeaturesOfTransIatedTexts63.2 App1.icationofDomesticationStrategyinSe1.ectedEssays63.2.1 A1.1.exica1.1.eve1.63.2.2 AtSyntacticIxvc1.103.2.3 AtTextua1.1.eve1.114.Conc1.usion15References161. IntroductionInthischaptertheauthorwou1.d1.iketointroducere1.evanttheorytobeusedinguidingthewritingofthisthesisandbasicbackgroundofprofessorZhangPcijiandhisworks.1.1 TheTheoryofDomesticationStrategyIn1995.Venu1.i,afamousAmericanscho1.ar,pub1.ishedhismonographTheTransIutorsInvisibi1.ity:''AHistoryofTrans1.ation".Hestatedthattrans1.ationcou1.dneverbecomp1.ete1.yequa1.totheforeigntextthoughthetrans1.atortryasmuchaspo!isib1.c.thetrans1.atorhastomakeachoicebetweenthedonwsticatingmethodandtheforeignizationmeth(x1.I-hedomesticatingmethodreducestheforeignnessofsourcetext,andfitsthetarget1.anguagecu1.tura1.va1.ues.Whi1.etheforeignizationmethodkeepthestrangenessandstayexotic,makereadersfee1.abroad(1995:20).'Toreignizingmethod"and4tDoniesticaiingmehod"arerecognizedas*'ForvignizationS1.niicgy"and"DomesticationStriUCgy"Iaicron.CowieandShutt1.eworth(1997:44)oncea1.sostatedintheirdictionarythatDomesticationStrategyisatermthatVenutiapp1.iedogiveadescriptionoftrans1.ationstrategy,itadoptsasty1.eoftransparencyandf1.uencytoachievethegoa1.ofminimizingtheestrangementofthesource1.anguagetextfortarget1.anguagereaders.Accordingtoitsgivendefinitions.DomesticationStrategyadoptsat1111s1.atingInethodoftransparentandf1.uent,andaimstoreducethestrangenessoftheorigina1.text.1.2 Mr.ZhangandHisProseTrans1.ationsZhangPeijiisapreeminentacademicianandanexpertintrans1.ation.ZhangPeijiwasbornin1921.inFuzhou,Fujian,China.HcmovedtoShanghaiwithhisfami1.ywhenhewasachi1.d,andspentmostofhischi1.dhoodthere.HcgraduatedasaBache1.orofrtsin1945inEng1.ish1.anguageand1.iteratureDepartmentofSt.John'sUniversityinShanghai.Speakingoftrans1.ation.ProfessorZhanghasmadegreatachievementsinboththeoryandpractice.Uecompi1.edACourseh<><>kitEng1.ish-ChineseTrans1.ationin1980.whichhasbeenemp1.oyedasatextbookintrans1.ationforEng1.ishmajorsinChinafora1.x)utthreedecades.Astotrans1.ationpractice,ProfessorZhanghasworkedasatrans1.a1.ortorabout50years.Histrans1.ationsarcverypopu1.arwitha1.argenumberofreaders.Se1.ectedModernChineseEssaysisthemostrepresentativeworkofhis,makingagreatcontributiontoChina'scu1.tura1.exchangewithEng1.ish-speakingcoun1.rics.Itconsistsoffourvo1.umes,andthreeessaysoftheRrStvo1.umearcse1.ectedforana1.ysisinthispaper.Theorigina1.sofa1.1.theeaysinIhiSvo1.umearewrittenbysomewe1.1.-knownChinesewriters,tonameafew,MaoDun.HuShi.1.uXun1.GuoMo11o,YcShcng1.aot1.aoShe,ZhuZiqing.Bajin.1.iDazhaoand.Bingxin.AdditiOnaHy.a1.1.prosese1.ectedareinasterworksoftheseoutstandingwritersand,enjoyahighreputationamongChinesereadersofdifferentbackgrounds.2. 1.iteratureReviewItisvita1.forustoknowthere1.evantstudiesaboutDomesticationStrategybeforewcstart1.oexp1.oreitssignificance.Thischapterin1.111.uccsthere1.evantstudiesaboutDomesticationStrategy.2.1 StudiesabroadEugeneNidaisoneoftherepresentativesofthedomesticationsch1.Theessenceofhisfamoustrans1.ationtheory,dynamicequiva1.enceandfunctiona1.equiva1.ence,is1.ofo1.1.owthe1.anguagehabitandcu1.turemode1.ofthetarget1.anguage.Heho1.dsthattheessenceoftrans1.ationisthetransformationofform.Nidaputsthemeaningfirst,emphasizingthereader'sresponse,sohisdefinitionofequiva1.enceisa1.someasuredbythereader,sresponse.AccordingtoNida(1993:18).t11ns1.atinreferstothereproductionofthesourcetextfromthesemanticstothesty1.isticequiva1.entsin(hetarget1.anguage,usingthec1.osestandmostnatura1.equiva1.ence.Fromasocia1.andcu1.tura1.standpoint,hearguesthattrans1.ationshou1.dbecenteredonthetargettextandthetargetreaders,andthetrans1.ationshou1.dbesmoothandnatura1.Anythingintheorigina1.textthathindersthereader'sunderstandingshou1.dbedea1.twithtoensurethatthetargetreaderscanusethe1.easteffort.Nidarep1.icateshisviewonvariousoccasionsthat'*thetrans1.ationshou1.dbeessentia1.1.ythec1.osestnatura1.equiva1.entofsourceinformation".TennesseeWi1.1.iams(2OO4:32)suggestedinAStreetcarNamedZ)esirr(欲型号街z.),*IfVirgi1.mustspeakEng1.ish,thenheshou1.dbe1.ikenativespeakersofEng1.ishsay.1.ikethepeop1.eofthiserathatisappropriate.0Wi1.1.iams,sremarksref1.ecttheideaofnatura1.izationandthepopu1.arizationofthetrans1.ationstrategy.1.awrcnccVcnu1.i(1.995:20).inhisbookTheTrans1.atorsInvisibi1.ity"AHiS1.oryOfTrans1.ation".referredtothefirstapproachas*,fbrcignization,whichwasdesignedtoconveytheexoticfeaturesoftheorigina1.,whichthereaderreadasiftrave1.ingabroad,everythingisfresh.Anotherapproachwasca1.1.ed"domcstication,'.Inshort.DomesticationStrategytriestoconformtothetarget1.anguagetrans1.ationnormsandcu1.tura1.characteristics,withoutthetrans1.ationoftheiMbrcigncr,thereaderwi1.1.fee1.asintimateastheirmothertongue.2.2 DomesticStudyInmodernChinesehistory,freetra11s1.atinanddomesticationhasbeenthemainstreamof1.iterarytrans1.ation.Assignificanttrans1.ators,bothYanFuand1.inShupracticeddomesticationintheirtrans1.ations.Chinesemodernprosetrans1.ationbe1.ongstotheCaICgoryof1.iteraryIranSiaIion.WhenitComCStothedomesticationinthetrans1.ationofChineseprose,itisnecessarytostartwiththeapp1.icationofdomesticationin1.iterarytrans1.ation.Infact,therehasbeenmuchdiscussionaboutwhether1.iterarytrans1.ationisadomesticatedtrans1.ationoraforcignizedtrans1.ation.Manyscho1.arsandtrans1.atorsa1.soexpressedtheirviewsandmanydifferentopinionswereshared.Inhis2002artic1.eintheChineseTrans1.ation.ProfessorSunZhi1.iobservesthatChina,s1.iterarytrans1.ationwi1.1.gradua1.1.ytransformfromdomesticationtofbreignization.Hewrotethatthetrans1.aiinofChinese1.iteratureinthe21stcenturywi1.1.furthertendtoforeignizedtrans1.ation,andthecoreofitistotrytointerprettheheterogeneouse1.ementsoftheorigina1.,specifica1.1.y,istotryoconveytheorigina1.exoticcu1.tura1.characteristics,foreign1.anguageforms,aswe1.1.astheauthor'sunusua1.writingtechniques,notherscho1.ar.GuoJianZhong(2009)arguesthatbothdomesticationandforcigniza1.ioncanachievetheirrespectivemissionsinIhCcu1.tureofthetarget1.anguage,andthushavetheirownva1.ueinviewsofdifferentpurposes,texttypes,authorintentionsandreadership.Thisthesistendstoe1.aboratethatata1.1.events.DomesticationStrategyisa1.waysanimportantguidingprincip1.eofIiicnirytrans1.ation.3. App1.icationofDomesticationStrategyintheSe1.ectedEssaysInthissection,theauthori1.1.ustratestheapp1.icationofdomesticationinZhang'sVCniiOnSbyana1.yzingtypica1.examp1.esse1.ectedfromthreetrans1.atedworks.Theana1.ysesarcconductedatsyntactic1.eve1.,textua1.1.eve1.and1.exica1.1.eve1.3.1 SigniriCanCeoftheSe1.ectedEssaysInthisthesistheauthorse1.ectedthreetypica1.essaystothepositiveinf1.uenceofapp1.yingDomesticationStrategyintheprocessofChinese-Eng1.ishtrans1.ation,!"hefo1.1.owingarethemajorcharacteristicsofthese1.ectedeisays,boththeorigina1.andtrans1.atedversions.3.1.1 1.inguisticFeaturesoftheOrigina1.Texts“烟碓的国运与雄健的国民CrisisVSHeroicNation),iswrittenby1.iDazhao.apatrioticwriterinChinaduringitsturbu1.entperiodofhistory.HewrotethisejisaytoencourageChinesepeop1.etodevotethemse1.vestothegreatcauseofsavingthenatin.Inhiswriting,manyk>ur-charactcrexpressionsfu1.1.ofChinesecharacteristicsarcemp1.oyed,suchas"艰难险阻"(dif11cu1.tieoandObStaC1.es),“平原无际”(p1.ains1.yingbound1.ess),and“仲】环曲折”(teis1.andturn).Some,whentrans1.ated,wou1.dbestrangetoEng1.ishreaderswithoutusingDomesticationStrategy.Meanwhi1.e,redup1.icatedwordsarea1.sopresentedinit,forinstance,“浩浩荡荡”(nighiy),“高高兴兴”(cheerfu1.1.y),“浊流滚'(iurbidtorrents),whicharea1.soinappropriaiek)direct1.ytrans1.ateintoEng1.ishwithoutDonwsticationStrategyfunctioning.Thewriterusesana1.ogyoi1.1.ustratesimi1.aritybetweenamighty1.ongriverau1.thespiritoftheChinesenation.Theessayhasac1.earandrationa1.stncirc,athoroughexp1.anationofthereasonwhyChinesepeop1.eshou1.dbemorePOSitiVeaboutwhattheyarefacing.Thedynamicthe1.anguagecreatedismagnificentandpowerfu1.,passionate1.yexpressedtheideathewritertriedtorevea1.tohisreaders.''加纲''(TransieniDay)waswrittenbyZhuZiqing,oneofthemostimM)rtantwritersoftheMayFourthMovement.Theessayrevea1.sthewriter'sgrievanceinSadne!is.andref1.ectsthegenera1.moodoftheinte1.1.ectua1.youthduringtheMayFourthMovement.ZhuZiqingusedaseriesofpara1.1.e1.sentencesthataremost1.yshort.appeartobe1.ightandsmoothintextua1.1.eve1.Theapp1.icationofredup1.icationmakesits1.anguagerhythmic.“者"(77IQIe)waswrittenbyKeUng,ref1.ectedthedepressionofthewriter.A1.otofcu1.ture-1.oadedwordsarcusedtodescribe(he1.anesindif1.crcntareasofChina.Idiomsarea1.soapp1.iedfrequent1.y,makingtheprocessoftrans1.ationmorecomp1.icatedfortrans1.ator.3.1.2 1.inguisticsFeaturesofTrans1.atedTeXtS、'眼珠的国运与雄81的国民“wastrans1.atedintoNationa1.CrisisvsHemicNationbyprofessorZhang.TheInms1.atcdversionisrationa1.fromtheperspectiveofthe1.anguageitse1.f,whichisnotdifficu1.tfortheEng1.ishreaderstounderstand.Itsufficient1.ycreatedthedynamicoftransparencyandI1.uency.Expressionsoftypica1.Chinesecharacteristicssuchas"浩浩荡荡"migh1.y)”泻万H!”(surgcforwardwithirresistib1.efbrce),“绝壁断崖"(steepc1.iffs)andsoon,theyarea1.1.hand1.edproper1.ythroughtheuseofDonwsticationS1.nitcgy.3.2 App1.icationofDomesticationStrategyinSe1.ectedEssaysInthissection,theauthori1.1.ustrates(heapp1.icationofdomesticationinZhang,sversionsbyana1.yzingtypica1.examp1.esse1.ectedfromthe1.hrcctrans1.atedessays.Theana1.ysesareconductedat1.exica1.1.eve1.,syntactic1.eve1.andtextua1.1.eve1.3.2.1 At1.exica1.1.eve1.Itisacommonacknow1.edgement(hattherearca1.otofdif1.'crcnccsbetweenEng1.ishandChinese.T1.iesameimp1.icationisoftende1.iveredbycom1.ee1.ydifferentterms.ForinNance,"门发''inChineseand"greyhair“inEng1.ishreferothesamething.Besides,sometimesdistinctimp1.icationsarcde1.iveredbythesamewordorexpression.AnOIherexamp1.e.oIaPOSitiVewordinChinese,meaningred.isoftenconnectedwith1.uckinessandhappiness,whi1.einEng1.ishtheword"11xisoftenconnectedwithb1.oodandconsideredasun1.uckyinsomeWesterncu1.tures.Intheprocessoftrans1.ation,thiskindof1.exica1.differenceshou1.dbetakenintoaccounttoapp1.yasuitab1.etrans1.ationstrategy.Atthe1.exica1.1.eve1.,theapp1.icationoftheDomesiicationStrategyismain1.yref1.ectedinthetrans1.ationofredup1.icationandfour-characterphrasesinChinese,andsometimesinthetrans1.ationofCUI1.Ura1.1.oadCdwords.Observeandana1.yzethefo1.1.owing.Example 1:SourceText:人类在历史上的生活正如旅行一样.旅途上的征人所般过的地方，有时是坦荡平添，有时是崎岖隆路志于旅途的人，走到平坦的地方，因是高高兴兴的向前走，走到崎距的境界，愈是奇趣横生，觉得在此奇绝壮绝的境界，愈能感到一种冒险的关逆.(ZhangPeiji,2(X)7:1)TargetText:Thehistorica1.courseofman's1.ifeisjust1.ikeajourney.Atrave1.erona1.ongjourneypassesthroughnowabroad,1.eve1.p1.ain,nowarugged,hazardousroad.Whi1.eadeterminedtrave1.ercheerfu1.1.ycontinuoushisjou11eyUPOnreachingasafeandsmoothp1.ace,hefindsitsti1.1.morefascinatingocomeioaruggedp1.ace,theCnonnOUS1.ymagnificentspectac1.eofwhich,hefee1.s,isbetterab1.etogenerateinhimawonderfu1.sensationofadventure.(ZhangPeiji.27:3)Examp1.eIisse1.ectedfromanessaywrittenby1.iDazhaoandtrans1.atedbyprofessorZhang.Asarevo1.utionist,1.iDazhaoWmIethisessaytoencourageChinesepeop1.etobrave1.ymarchthroughdif11cu1.ticsandhardshipsinthecourseofhistory.Therearcfivefour-characterexpressionsapp1.iedinorigina1.text:荡平原"(broad,1.eve1.PIain),“崎岖险路”(rugged,hazardousroad),“高高兴兴”(cheerfu1.1.y),“奇健生”(Cascina1.ing),"奇绝壮绝"(enormous1.ymagnificentspectac1.e),Theyformedastructureofsmoothandf1.uent,composinganeatandpowerfu1.sentencefu1.1.ofstrengthandrhythm.1.inguisticsformsofChinese1.anguagearcunique,inc1.udingmanyfour-characterphrases,suchasidiomsandnon-fixedphrases,whicharetypica1.formsofChinese1.inguistics.Chineseproseapp1.iesheseexpressionsa1.ot.However,Eng1.ishdocsnothavesuchexpressions.Therefore,ProfessorZhangapp1.iedDomesticationStrategytotrans1.atethesefour-characterphrasesinthiscase.''有时是坦荡平俅，仃时是的据险路“isrenderedinto*nowabroad,1.eve1.p1.ain,nowarugged,hazardousroad","i高兴兴地往前走''istGins1.atedi