衔接点10 特殊句式（小初考点差异及衔接）.docx

衔接点10特殊句式（小初考点差异及衔接）素养目标小学要求主要学习疑问句、感叹句、ThCrebC句型初中要求1、陈述句的构成形式及基本用法；2、日问句的构成形式及基本用法：3、祈使句的构成形式及基本用法：S、由Wha1.hOW引导的感叹句的构成膨式、用法及区别。电匕知识梳理【小学特殊句式考点聚焦】感叹句1.选词m空WhatHowWhataWhatan.niceIhCskirtis!(2)hocitistoday!bighorsestheyarc!(4)一interestingbookitis?(5)c1.everboyheis!(6)一c1.evertheboyis!handJackworks!一fastPeterruns!<9)finedayitis!(!0)_nicepicturestheyare!疑问句在下面的横线上以上恰当的疑向词.how1.ongwherehowmanywhenhowta1.1.whichwhywhosehowmuchwhohowfarwha1.howo1.dhowhowheavy(1卜istheweather1.iketoday*?-Ifssunny.(2卜penisMary,s.(3>-docs1.ucycometosch1.7-Shccomestosch1.bycar.(4)-isyourjacket7-I1.100yuan.，5卜is1.ucyfrom?-She'sfnAustra1.ia.(6卜are),ou7me1.evenyearso1.d.(7卜arcyou7-m155cm.(8>-arcyou7-m60kg.(9)-boysarcthereinyourc1.ass7->Ihercarctwe1.ve.(10)boyisyourbrother?-hconeinaredcap.(H卜isyourmathsteacher*?-MrChenismynathsteacher.(12)-isit?-1.1.sabiHi1.50kik>me1.res.(13) didyous1.ayinAmeriCa?Fortwoweeks.(14)docsyourfathergotowork7-At8:3()a.m.(I5)doyou1.ikeWintcfZ-BccauscIcanskate.Therebe句型1.选择正确的词填空。(16分)(I)Therc(iare)sevendaysinaweek.(2)There(isare)son>emi1.kin(hefridge.(三)ThereOSZiSn'XmyInOneyinhispocket.(4)Thcrc(is,was)abridgethreeyearsago.(1.Arc)thcrcanyapp1.esonthetabic?(6)Thcrc(is.''arc)aChinesebookandthreemathsbooksinmybag.(7)Therc(arcarcn't)anysheepatthisfarm.(三)Therc(iare)somebreadfuryou.【初中特殊句式考点聚焦】=.考点清单一简单句的特点I简单句通常只用一个主谙(或并列主语)和一个话语1或并列谓语)构成.微分为陈述句、K句句、感叹句和祈使句四种.一、陈述句，用来说明一个事实的句子叫陈述句。它布有定式和否定式两种形式。陈述句的肯定式，HeiSamidd1.eschoo1.student(他是个中学生)Ihaveahammerinmyhand.(我手上彳j把锤子)Sheteachesusgeography.(她教我们地理)Thenewp1.aywasgoodenoughandeverybodyenjoyedit.(新的话剧非常好大家都喜欢)陈述旬的否定式I1 .谓语动词如果是be、助动词、情态动词时,在它们的后面加FotZS1.hMybrotherisnotateacher.我的弟弟不是教师)HedoesIwtha、eacousin.(他没彳j堂兄弟)IMin<NEotheretomorrow.(明天我不去那儿)YoumustIWtmakesuchmistakesagain.(你不该再犯类似错误()2谓语动诃如果没有上述词语而是其他动词时须在它的前面加donot(don't).如：Idon'tknowanythingabouti1.(此事我,无所知)1.iMingdocsnotfeedpigsinthecountryside.（李明不在农村养猪）>Vedidn'tCXPeCttomeetherrighthere.（我们没指%在这里见到她）Wedidn'thavsameetingyesterdayafternoon.（昨天下午我们没有开会）g.句子中如果有a1.kboth、VFmuch/we1.1.等诃时.用not般构成部分否定,如果要完全否定,则通常使用none、neither%not.ata1.1.:UMIhemwentthere.Noeofthemwentthere.<他们全都去了那里-他们全都没去加里）2.句子中含有Iittksfew、too（太）、hard1.y%never¼neither%nor%SHdo1.n等词时,则觇为否定句.1:Fewpeop1.e1.ivetherebecause1.ifethereisVeryhard.（几乎没仃人生活在那里M为那里的生活太极难f）二、疑问句一般疑问句，用骨密诚FT来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。1 .一般疑何句构成：句中谓谙动诃足be、助动词、苜态动词时,则将它们（提前）放到主谱前面.如；Isheanengineer?（他是:程怵吗？）HaVeyougottodaynewspaper?（你彳i今天的报纸吗？）Sha1.1.wcgotoseeafi1.mthisevening?（我们今晚去看电影好吗？>Canyouexp1.ainit?（你能解拜它吗?）由thereanyfishforsupper?（晚饭彳（鱼吗？）Wou1.dyou1.iketogooutforawa1.k?（你想出去吊步吗？>谓语动词如果没有上述词语而是其他动词时.则在主语前面加助动词do/docs/did.潦来的谓语动词改为原形如：!）0VOMgetupatSiXeverymnrn加震?（你天天YU六点起身吗？）Doeshcstudyhard?（她学习努力吗？）Didyougothereyesterday?（昨天你去那儿/叫？>2 .一般疑忖句的回答：一般疑问句通'常用简略形式来回答。如：Wi1.1.youjoinusinp1.ayingbasketba1.1.?（你加入我们打篮球好吗？）Ye.WeWi1.1.（是的我们会，）/No,wewon、.（不我们不会）3 .一般疑问句的否定结构MJ否定形式的一般疑问句）衣示惊奇、法怪、也议、若法等,只要物FM、置于主语之后或者将=Or'放到主语之前马be.have等助动词或梢态动词合并在，起就可以了。如：Wi1.1.henotcome?（他难道不来吗？）IsnYyoursisteraPartymember?（你的姐姐不是党员吗？）这种否定结构的疑问句的回答与汉语的习惯不I可。如果回答是件定的,就用“yes+肯定结构”；如果回答是否定的.就用Fg否定结构”。（情况与反意问句类似。>I:Can,theanswerthequestion?（他不能回答这个问题吗?）-Yghccan仕他能I11I答这个问题,）、o,hccan't.I是的.他不健同答这个何题）物廉最何句1.特殊疑问句结构是：疑问代词+一艘疑问句+?除“ho以外的疑问代词短语疑问B1.词如：Whatdoyouwant?（你要什么?）Who（m）areyou1.ookingfor?（你在找选?）Whichc1.assareyouin?（你在班？）Whendidyougetupthismorning?（你今早什么时候起身的?）Wherehaveyoubeen?（你到哪儿去了？）Whvdidhegotobedsoear1.y?（他为什么这么早瞭觉?）IIoWdidjougothere?（你是怎么去的那儿?）但是.“who”引出的彻同主语或主语部分相关词的特殊疑句句的结构与陈述句诃序相同：如:Whoisdandngoverthere?谁在那边跳舞?）有时NhatTwhichTwhose”也可以引出与陈述句词序相同的特殊疑问句.如：WhatisonJhewa1.1.?（什么东西在墙上？/埔上有什么?）WhiChisyours?（哪个是你的？）Whot>（M>kkinyourbag?（i隹的书在你的书包里？）I注如从陈述句改为特殊问句时洗籽句子改为一般问句.再将（划线）提问部分更改为疑问词置于句首.特别要注意助动词的使用!如果只对主语或主谱的修饰诃提问JE么只需要招疑向部分改为疑问词即可.2,常用疑问代词和疑问副词疑同代词疑问副词what.who(whom.whosc).whichWhCn.whcnc.why.h。W(Qftcn.far.1.ong.SOon.o1.d.many.much)疑问词提问对望Whai(什么)对主语，调语、表语、宾语提问Whatmakesyousoworried?Whatarcyoudoing?Whatisthis?Whatcanyousee?IhCCUmmakesmesoworried.IamwatchingTV.Thisisaru1.er.Icanseed<>u.Who(谁)对主话捱问Whoisourmonitor?T<>misourmonitor.Which（哪个对炭量提问Whichskirtdoyouprefer?IPreferIhCrvdWhen（什么时候）对时间提问WhendoyougetupCYCryday?Ige1.upa1.6o'c1.ock.Where（哪里）对地点提问Wherearethey?TheyarcHIIWncWhy（为什么）时星因提问Whydidn,tyoufinishyourjobintime?Whydoyoustudysohard?BecauseIwasverytired.TbpassIhCexam.How（怎样）对表示方式、程度的词提问Howdoyougotoschoo1.?Howisyourschoo1.day?1gotoSChoOtbvCarJb、+d（inq.Itsgood.Howo1.d（多大）对领提问Howo1.disyourson?Hcis八，。、心rs01d.Howmany多少对Ifc提问，后接可数名词奥数Howmanyteachersarcthereinyoursch?Therearethreeteachersinmyschoo1.Uowmuch多少时1»提问屈接不可数名词，对俵提问HOwmUChwaterinthebou1.e?Howmucharethesocks?ThereisaIiNMwaterinIhcbott1.e.ThCSOCkSarceverdo1.1.ars.How1.ong（多长时间）对时间段提问How1.ongdocsittaketogotoschoo1.?Ittakesme2hourstogo（oSChoO1.Howoften（多久）时象率提问Howoftendoyoudoexerisc?IdoexercisewccU“wk.Howfar（多远）对Ie育提问Howfari$itfromyourhome（oschoo1.?Itis3kmfrommyhometoschoo1.Howsoon（多久后）对常时间提问Howsoonwi1.1.youfinishyourwork?Iwi1.1.finishmyworkinanhour.选界疑问句I提出两种或两种以上情况,施要对方作出选择回答的疑问句叫选择日问句.D构成：（I）卜般疑问句+or+第二选项？（2>1.特殊妩问句+第,选项（+第,通项>÷or÷第页？I2）选择疑问句的结构与特殊疑问句相同四暮具体回答不可以用Wju1.回答如：Isyourfriendaboyoragir1.?-AHir1.（-你的朋友是男孩还是女孩?一是女孩,）hichdoyouprefer,coffeeortea?-ea,p1.eac.一你要哪,样IftI啡还是茶？请来茶吧.）Whichdoyou1.ikebest,singing,dancingorskating?-Dancina.ofcourse.跌媒和溜冰你最喜欢哪样？-当然是跌舞曲！)对点特训.isyourhometown?Ican'tfinditanywhereonthemap.AAVhatBAVhichCAVhcnDAVhcrc2._haveyoubeenamemberoftheYouth1.eague?-Forthreeyears.A.Uow1.ongB.1.1.owmanyC.HowoftenD.Howfar3.doyouP1.ayVoHeyba1.1.Amy?-Threedaysaweek.A.How1.ongB.HowsoonC.HowoftenD.Howmuch4.一did1.heon1.ineconcertbegin?Youdidn'tmissanything.Hhasjustbegun.A.VrhcnBAVhcrcCWhsiDAVhy5.isChina*sTiangongspacestationfromus?About4()0ki1.ometersabovetheearth.A.HowmuchB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.How1.ong6.I1.ovehisTshirt.doesitcost?50yuan.WhynotIryiton?A,How1.ongB.HowoftenC.Howo1.dD.Howmuch7.wi1.1.you1.eaveforcamping?Thisweekend.Evcrjthingisreadyfor(hepicnic.AAVhcnBAVhcrcC.HowD.WhyX._canyouskiprope.1.inda?Over20()timesinaminute.A.HowsoonB.HowfarC.HowfastD.How1.ong三、祈使句祈使句用来我示请求、命令等.它的主语y。U往往省略.祈使句的肯定式：I功仙臼+其同如:P1.easegivemeahand,(iff/Shutup!(£*%!)析使句的否定式：IDont+动词原形+其他如：P1.eaSedon'tta1.kin1.owVOiCeS.(请不要低声Ut话.)迦EI100kbHCkM不要掉头看.>I注意以“1.et引出的祈使句的否定结构,F*应放在IetY后面.k1.erSnottroub1.ehn.(我们不要打扰他。)皆定祈使句前可以用助动诃来强调谙气如：P1.eaSed。he1.pme!(诏千万小精我,);对点特训1 .fasttoyourdreams>forifdreamsdie,1.ifeis1.ikeabroken-wingedbird(hatcanneverf1.y.A.Ho1.dBToho1.dCHCkJD.Ho1.ding2 .Ci1.y.outtherubbishwhenyou1.eave.And1.)dothedishes.<)K.Dad.A.takeB.takesC.tookD.take3 .Yourroomisinaterrib1.emess.,om.yourbookshereandtherenexttime.-OK.1.1.putthemawayinfiveminutes*Mum.Don't1.eave:!WofftB.Won,t1.eave:!wi1.1.C.Don't1.eave；!wi1.1.D.Won't1.eave;!won't4 .Mr1.ee.(nomix)your1.ifeandwork(ogeher.5 .(make)suretherearcnomistakesinyourpaperandyoucanhandi(in.四、，叹句那吹句用来表示喜怒哀乐等演烈感情，句末常用“I”对含有形容词的名词短语感叹的结构通常是：what+(a/an计僚容词蚓置电B¾¾弱能腐!匍.用来强调句子中的名词，如:Whatagood,kindgir1.(sheis)!(她是名么善良的好女孩!)/WhatbadWeather(itis)!(天气真骑磔!)仅对彩容词或副词进行感叹的结构通常是：1.ow+形容词商词+陈述句结构(主调语)|.用来强调句子中的形容词、副词或动词.如：Hnwcarefu1.1.ytheo1.dmanWaIkS!(这老人走路真小心!)I1.oWde1.iciousthefoodis!(这食品IX好吃！)'H<nvbeautifu1.!<!)Hcwbcauiifu1.thegir1.is?=Waabcau1.ifu1.Sir1.sheis!对点特训1 .c1.evergir1.Kittyis!Shecancomeupwithsomecreativewaystofinish(heproject.AAVhatB.HowaC.HowDAVhata2 .greatscientistYuan1.ongpingis!Hespenta1.1.his!iicontheresearchofrice.A.Wha1.BAVha1.aC.HowD.Howa3 .niceitistodrinkacupofcoffeeafter1.onghours,work?,Wha(B.WhaiaC.HowD.Howa4 .greatsurprise(oseeyouhere.Danie1.!Ycah.Wchaven'tseeneachotherforquitea1.ongtime.A.WhataB.VhatC.HowaD.How6 .doyouadmireYuan1.ongpingfor?Hedevoteda1.1.his1.ifeU>theresearchanddeve1.opmentofbe1.terricep1.ants.A.WhyBAVha1.C.HowD.Whcre7.Itisrea1.1.yap1.easanttime(ohaveapicniconawarmsunnyday.(改为感叹句)p1.easant(inwitistohaveapicnicnava11nsunnyday!8.Dadusua1.1.ymakesbadp1.ansbutthistimehego1.itrigh1.fina1.1.y.asurprise!9.1wasredin(heface.IwishedIco1.ddisappear!10.(ktnkfu1.Iwas(onyfriendJohn!综合演练一情景对话请通读下面的对话,根据财话内容,从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的附佳选项.选项中有一项为多余选项。(JohnandhisfriendKateareta1.kingonthephone.J=John.K=Kate)J:IIe1.k>?K:1.1.i.John!IYouwercn,tatthePdnyIaStSunday.J:I'monvacationrightnow.K:Great!2J:I'mafraidnoc.h'sanunusua1.beach.InI1.1.yopinion,thefewerpeop1.e,thebe1.ter.K:3JzThatstrue.Thesunisshiningbright1.yandtheseaissobeautifu1.K:4JzNo1.hingmuch.Ijustreadandresteveryday.Infact.Iwasas1.eepbv1.reyourca1.1.KOhJmsorry.5JiThanks.Seeyounextweek.AAVherearcyou?B.Tha1.soundsnice.Ckitap1.aceIknow?D.Haveagreatvacation.E-ManyPeOP1.CarcatIhcparty?F.Didyoudoanythingspecia1.there?Man:GOOdmorning,we1.con>eotheA1.ISchoo1.Womanfhanks.d1.iketojoinoneofyoureveningartcourses.Man:OK.JWomaniChinesepaintingcourse,i1.ikeChinesepainting.2Man:Yes.itis.Verybeau(ifu1.Now1.e,sfi1.1.inthisform.3Womair1.ucyGreen.ManiWhichcountryareyoufrom?WomaniWcII.4Butactua1.1.ymAmerican.Man:!sec.Nextqucsti.Canyoute1.1.mewhereyou1.ive?Woman:5ManrThanks.Now.1.1.giveyousomeinformation.X.1.t'ssobeautifu1.B.Whichcourse?C.1.workhereinEng1.and.D.Wha1.*syourname,p1.ease?EYesfcit58CTwrnwoodRoad.F.HowdoyouknowaboutChinesepainting?二.短文埴空Oneday,1wantedmyfathertogetsonicfruittorme.Soisaidtomyfather,'*Dad.1.here!*'Whenmydadheardme.hecameoverrightaway.However,mymomsaidtome."2.sayitthatway.Sayitmorepo1.ite1.y.*oIdidn'twantto/,Irep1.ied.tMfyoudon*tsayitpo1.ite1.y,then3.watchingTVfromnowon!”mymomsaidangri1.y.4.sadIwaswhen1heardthis!ThenmymomSaidJ5youwainothers<obepo1.itetoyou?Ifso,youshou1.dbepo1.itetootherstoo/'Iixiccd.weshou1.dbepo1.ite,oritmightmakeo<hcsfee1.uncomfortab1.e.三.方框选词填空askbedon*the1.phow1.ongmakeneedwai1.Pre-examstressisoneofthebiggestprob1.emsinstudents*1.ives.Itmakesyoufee1.badandstopsyoufromthinkingc1.ear1.y.SohereISo1.ne(ipsk>he1.pyou1.owertheS1.BSSofexams.BeorganizedHndstartear1.yThebestWiIy(Odea1.withexamstressis(ohaveagoodstudyp1.an.Decidehowmuch1.imeIospendoneachsubject.nddon,t2u11i1.(he1.astminute(ostudyeverything.Doif(beafraidtoaskWhenwedon'tunderstandsomething,wetcc1.stressed.It'snorma1.Butdon'tworryaboutit.dosomethingaboutid3yourteacherforhe1.p.A1.1.teacherswant(heirstudents(odowe1.1.inexams.Hea1.thybody.hea1.thybrainYourbody4exerciseforyourbraintoworkbetter.Sodontstudya1.1.thetime.Itcanjust5youmorestressed.Dosomespor1.goIO1.hegymorjustgoforawa1.k.Justgetupandnwve!Eatands1.eepwe1.1.1.t,simportanttoryourbraintorest.6doyouneedtos1.eepeverynight?At1.easteighthours.Eatahea1.thydietandavoiddrinkswithcaffeinethatcans1.opyoufroms1.eepingwe1.1.7kevpyourStrVNtoyourse1.fFina1.1.y,ifyouhavefo1.1.oweda1.1.thisadviceandyousi1.1.fee1.stressed.thendon'tkeepitasecret.Ta1.k(osomeone,yourmumoryourdadafriendorateacherandIe1.1.(hemhowyoufee1.Wca1.1.need_8sometimes.3.I.2.1 .7.8.1亦.z拓展培优ManfirstIandCd(着陆)onthemoonin1969.Butdidyouknowthatmanwasnot(hefirstIotrave1.an>undthemoon?OnSeptemberI4,1.968.theSovietSpaceProgramsenttwo乌龟)intospaceforaIriparoundIheInoon.Afteraweek-1.ongtrip,(hetortoises1.andedintheIndianOcean.Theytrave1.edback(oMoScow(莫斯科)onOctober7.Boththetortoisessti1.1.1.ivedafterthetrip.They1.ostabout10%oftheirbodyWeigh1.(体成)，but<heyweresti1.1.hea1.thy.TheyWeRdissecied(ftJ)onOctober11.1968.Scientistswantedtoseehowtheirbodieschangedafterthespacetrave1.,11cyFoundthat*'Eatingnofoodmadethetortoisesthinner,butno<thespacetrave,.Itshowed(hattheanima1.scou1.d1.iveaftertrave1.ingaround(hemoon.Butthisdidno<nxn(hatmancou1.dd(hesame.Thetwotortoiseswerethefirstu>trave1.an>und1.heInoQnsuccessfu1.1.y.Before1968<Hherinima1.swerea1.sosenttotrave1.inspace,butmanyofthemcou1.dn't1.ivetotrave1.backtotheca11h.I.How1.ongdidthetwotortoisestrave1.inspace?2 .Whywere<hewotortoisesdissected?3 .Whatmadethe(wotortoises1.osetheirbodyweight?4 .Whendidthetwotortoisescomehack?B. Theyse1.1.vegetab1.escct1.s.D.Theyp1.antf1.owers.C. Meaning1.ess.D.Educationa1.B.ChiHipCPper.IOmaIOeSandchives.D. Tomatoes,redpepperandcoriander.C.Co1.1.ected.D.Watered.Aco1.orfu1.IX1.ICony(FH台)withfreshvcgccab1.csandfruitshasturnedintoacommonsightthisyear.Shanghai,Beijing,andDongguanarcamongthetopfivecitiesforvegetab1.egrowers,whoarcmain1.yinIhcir20sand30s.Coriander,chives,chi1.ipeppersandtomatoesarcthemostpopu1.archoices.Inthefirstthreemonthsthisyear,sa1.esofvegetab1.eseedson1.inedoub1.ed.1.uZhipcng.whoheadsTmaisf1.owerdepartnwnt.saidba1.conygardeningisnowworth(,)1.ensofbi1.1.ionsofyuan.Infact,growingvegetab1.esinba1.conygardensis11H>rvIhanjustanachievement.Itisbecominga1.ifesty1.e.ZhangMin,aweniy-year-o1.dgirion1.yspentaIiu1.emoneyonseedpackages,soi1.andf1.owerpo<s(obui1.da"firm"onher6-squ;ue-meterba1.cony.oIfee1.1.ikeyoungpeop1.egrowingvegetab1.esonba1.coniesisaspopu1.arassquaredancingistorourparents/'Zhangsaid.Shehashackedsma1.1.tomatoesthreetimesfromherba1.conygardeninBeijing.Redpeppersandcoriandcrsarcregu1.arsinhergarden,andsheaddsthemtoherdisheswhencooking.Forteenagers,ba1.conygardeningisawaytoenjoynature.Especia1.1.ywhen(hey1.ivefarawayf11>nrea1.fie1.ds.Andbytakingcareofvcge1.ab1.es.theyIeamtorespect1.ives.1. Whatdopeop1.edoontheirba1.conyaccordingtoparagra)hI?A.Theygrowvcgccab1.esandfruits.C.Theydosomereading.2. WhaidoesZhangMinthinkofba1.conygardening?A.Popu1.ar.B.Expensive.3. Wha1.doesZhangMin1.iketogrowOnherba1.cony?A.Coriitnder.chivesandtomatoes.C.Chi1.1.ipepper,chivesandcoriander.4. Whatdocstheunder1.inedword"harvested"mean?A.So1.d.B.Bought.5. Whatisthebesttit1.eforthispassage?A. Popu1.arvegetab1.eseeds.B. Ba1.conygardeningforchi1.dren.C. ,opfivecitiesorvegetab1.egrowers.D. Anew1.ifesty1.eba1.conygardening.1.nDecember2021.peop1.einShenzhenfoundIhaIwaterranmores1.ow1.yfrom（heirtaps.Thegovernment（政府）saidthecitywasfacingitsmostseriouswatershorta&eever.SomCothercitiesinthesouthernpartofChina,1.ikeChengduandGuangzhou,arca1.sobecoming,'（hirsty'',thePaperreported.Compared（H1.1.t）withnorthernareas,southernareashavemorerainandarcc1.oseIonwreriversand1.akes.Sowhyarctheysti1.1.shortonwater?Inbigcities1.ikeShenzhenandGuangzhou,popu1.ationsaregrowingfast.Asaresu1.t,peop1.eandfactoriesneedmoreandmorewater.EachpersoninShenzhenhasabouton1.y200cubicmetersofwatereachyear.I,s1/12ofthecountry'saverage（平均水平）,AccordingtotheUnitedNations,itisan,'abso1.utc（绝对的）wa1.ershortage',when（henumberisbe1.ow500cubicmcte