Unit;2;Getting;Along.docx

Unit;2;Getting;Alongunit2gettingalong一,本周教学内容：unit2gettingalong,lesson1.重点、难点：单词：语音：语法：干脆引语与间接引语的转换：一、如何变人称：学生在将干脆引语变间接引语时。时时弄不清人称变更。下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾,第三人称不更新。“一随主”是指在干脆引语变间接引语时，假如从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要遵照主句中主语的人称变更如：shesaid,"mybrotherwantstogowithme.w->shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher."二随宾"是指干脆引语变间接引语时，假设从句中的主语及宾语是其次人称。或被其次人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语相同。假如引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：hesaidtokate."howisyoursisternow?”heaskedkatehowhersisterwasthen。"第三人称不更新是指干脆引语变间接引语时。假如从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不须要变更如：mr.smithsaido"jackisagoodworkerow->mr.smithsaidjackwasagoodworkero二、如何变时态：干脆引语在改为间接引语时、时态须要做相应的调整。此时此刻时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时那么保存原来的时态。如：l)shesaid.,havelostapen.w->shesaidshehadlostapen2)sheSaid"wehopeso.,->shesaidtheyhopedso.3)shesaid.Mhewillgotoseehisfriendo11->shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend<>但要留意在以下几种状况下。在干脆引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变更。干脆引语是客观真理。"theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth,theteachertoldme.->theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth0干脆引语是过去进展时，时态不变。如：jacksaid,wjohnzwherewereyougoingwhenimetyouinthestreet7w->jackaskedjohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreeto干脆引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：xiaowangsaid.,wasbornonapril21,11010,->xiaowangsaidhewasbornonapril20,IlOlOo干脆引语假如是一般此时此刻时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：hesaid,getupatsixeverymorningo”->hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorningo假如干脆引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：OUghtto,hadbetter,usedto）和已经是过去时的形式时例：COlld,should,would,mi曲t）不再变。如：petersaid,wyouhadbettercomeheretoday.w->petersaidihadbettergotherethatdayo三、如何变状语：干脆引语变间接引语，状语变更有其内在规律，时间状语由此时此刻改为原来”（例:now变为then,yesterday。变为thedaybefore）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由"此"改为"彼"（例:this改为that）,如：hesaid,"thesebooksaremine."->hesaidthosebookswerehis.四、如何变句型：干脆引语假如是陈述句,间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：shesaid,“ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.”shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.干脆引语假如是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：hesaid,“canyouswim,john?w今heaskedjohnifhecouldSWim."youhavefinishedthehomework,havenztyou?”mymotherasked,->mymotheraskedmewhetherihadfinishedthehomework.wdoyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?”÷heaskedmeifiwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.干脆引语假如是特殊问句,间接引语应当改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾语从句必需用陈述句语序)。sheaskedme,wwhendotheyhavetheirdinner?"今sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.干脆引语假如是祈使句,间接引语应改为wtell(ask,order,beg等)sb.(not)todosth.”句型。祈使句变为间接引语的规律一改(主句谓语动词)二变(呼语为间接宾语)三加(to)四去(please)如don'tmakeanynoise/shesaidtothechildren.->shetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoise,wbringmeacupoftea,please/1saidshe.->sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.干脆引语假如是以“let勺开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词(或从句)。”如：hesaid,"let'sgotothefilm."->hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.【巧学妙记】干脆引语变间接引语(1)引语里的人称变更规律七字诀：一主，二宾，三不变。干脆引语变间接引语，在去掉引号后，凡引号内的第一人称应改成引号外主语的人称。其次人称应改成引号外的宾语的人称。第三人称那么保存不变。但应留意不能变更原人称的数和格。单、复数和主格、宾格、全部格仍应与原人称相同，这一原那么又叫只变人称不变数和格。如：shesaid,havetolookaftermybrotherathome.wshesaidthatshehadtolookafterherbrotherathome.引号内的i应与引号外主语she保持相同,应改成she。引号内的my应与引号外主语She保持相同，但应改成全部格her。（2）干脆引语变间接引语口诀：1）当干脆引语为陈述句时，变成间接引语的口诀是：去掉引号加that,人称变更要灵敏，时态向后退一步，状语变更按规定。如：hesaid,Mmybrotherdoesn,twanttogothere.whesaidthathisbrotherdidn,twanttogothere.2）当干脆引语为一般疑问句时，变成间接引语的口诀是：干脆去引号，陈述莫忘掉，当心助动词，丢它最重要。如：heaskedme:,doyoulikelivinghere?"heaskedmeifilikedlivingthere.3）当干脆引语是特殊疑问句时，变为间接引语的口诀是：干脆去引号，疑问词作引导，语序用陈述，时态、人称考虑好。如："whatdoyouwant?”heaskedme.heaskedmewhatiwanted.