美国名人爵士乐音乐家路易斯阿姆斯特朗.docx

美国名人爵士乐音乐家路易斯阿姆斯特朗1.ouisArmstrong,1901-1971:"TheAmbassadorofAmericanJazz"playstopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:34repeatBy2008-9-27VOICEONE:ThisisGwenOuten.VOICETWO:AndthisisSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutLouisArmstrong,oneofthegreatestjazzmusicians.Hisvoice,trumpet-playingskillandcreativitycontinuetoinfluencejazzartiststoday.OneofLouisArmstrong'sbiggesthitswas"HelloDolly.'1(MUSIC:"HelloDolly")VOICEONE:1.ouisArmstrongatVoiceofAmerica1.ouisArmstrongplayedjazz,sangjazzandwrotejazz.Herecordedhitsongsforfiftyyearsandhismusicisstillheardtodayontelevision,radioandinmovies.1.ouisArmstrongwasborninNewOrleans,LouisianaonAugustfourth,nineteen-oh-one.NewOrleansisaportcityatthemouthoftheMississippiRiver.Itisacitywherethecustomsofmanydifferentpeoplemixedtogether.1.ouisArmstronggrewupinStoryville,oneofthepoorestareasofNewOrleans.Hisfatherleftthefamilyshortlyafterhewasborn.Hismotherworkedtosupporthimandhissister.ButArmstrongspentmostofhistimewithhisgrandmother.VOICETWO:JazzwasjustbeginningtodevelopwhenLouiswasaboy.Itgrewoutofthebluessongsandragtimemusicthathadbeenpopularattheturnofthecentury.1.ouisdiscoveredmusicearlyinlife.Hewassurroundedbyit.Themusicofchurches,bands,paradesanddrinkingplaceswerealladailypartofNewOrleansculture.Louissangwithotherboysonthestreetsformoney.Therehebegantodevelophismusicalskills.VOICEONE:Whenhewaselevenyearsold,LouiswassenttoareformschoolforfiringagunoutsidetocelebrateNewYear'sEve.Attheschool,helearnedtoplaythetrumpetintheschool'sbrassband.1.ouisspenteighteenmonthsatthereformschool.Thenhewentbacktowork.Hesoldnewspapers,unloadedboatsandsoldcoalfromahorseandcart.HealsolistenedtobandsatpopularclubsinStoryville.Joe"King"OliverplayedwiththeKidOryBand.HesoonbecameyoungLouis'steacher.AsLouis'sskillsdeveloped,hebegantoperformprofessionally.VOICETWO:Attheageofeighteen,ArmstrongjoinedtheKidOryBand,oneofthefinestbandsinNewOrleans.Theexperiencehelpedhimdevelophismusicskills.ArmstronglaterreplacedKingOliverinthebandwhenOlivermovedtoChicago,Illinois.Innineteen-nineteen,ArmstrongjoinedFateMarable'sbandinSaintLouis,Missouri.Marable'sbandplayedonsteamboatsthattraveledupanddowntheMississippiRiver.WorkingwithMarablehelpedprepareArmstrongtoplayforwhiteaudiences.VOICEONE:Innineteentwenty-two,ArmstronglefttheMarableBandtoplaywithKingOliverinChicago.Bythen,Chicagohadbecomethecenterofjazzmusic.TheHotFiveAyearlater,ArmstrongmadehisfirstrecordingsasamemberofKingOliver'sCreoleJazzBand.HelatermovedtoNewYorkCity,whereheinfluencedtheFletcherHendersonOrchestrawithhiscreativity.ArmstrongreturnedtoChicagoinnineteentwenty-sixandformedhisowngroup.TheywerecalledtheHotFiveandlatertheHotSeven.Theirrecordingsareconsideredsomeofthemostinfluentialinjazzhistory.Armstrongcouldmakehisvoicesoundlikeamusicalinstrument.Hecouldmakeaninstrumentsoundlikeasinger'svoice.Thesong"HeebieJeebies"issaidtobethefirstrecordedexampleofwhatbecameknownasscatsinging.HerecordeditwiththeHotFive.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Bynineteentwenty-nine,Armstrongwasbecomingverypopular.HereturnedtoNewYorktoplayinanall-blackBroadwaymusicalcalled"HotChocolates."TheshowincludedthemusicofFatsWaller.Armstrong'sversionofWaller'ssong,"Ain'tMisbehavin',wasahugehit.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:"Satchmo"Bytheendofthenineteentwenties,Armstronghadformedhisownband.Innineteenthirty-two,hesailedtoEngland,andhadgreatsuccess.Areportertherecalledhim"Satchmoz"andhekeptthatnicknamefortherestofhislife.Forthenextthreeyears,ArmstrongplayedincitiesacrosstheUnitedStatesandEurope.1.ouisArmstrongreturnedtotheUnitedStatesinnineteenthirty-five.HehiredJoeGlasertobehismanager.Glaserprovedtobeagreatmanagerandfriend.GlaserorganizedabigbandcalledLouisArmstrongandhisOrchestra.Itwasoneofthemostpopulargroupsofthe"swing"musicperiod.Swingwasastyleofjazzplayedbybigbandsinthenineteenthirties.VOICETWO:Thegroupplayedtogetherforthenexttenyears.Duringthattime,ArmstrongbecameoneofthemostfamousmeninAmerica.Heexperiencedracialunfairnessduringhislife.Butherarelymadepublicstatements.Onetime,however,hecriticizedthewaythegovernmenttreatedblacksintheAmericanSouthinthenineteenfifties.Newspapersaccusedhimofbeingatroublemakerforspeakingout.Inthenineteenforties,Armstronggrewtiredofleadingalargegroup.Fortheremainingyearsofhislife,heledasix-membergroupcalledtheAllStars.ThegroupincludedsomeofthebestmusiciansinAmerica.TheyperformedextensivelyinAfrica,Asia,EuropeandSouthAmerica.VOICEONE:1.ouisArmstrong's"WhataWonderfulWorld"Overtheyears,Armstrongrecordedwithmanyfamousmusicians.Forexample,heworkedwithsingersEllaFitzgeraldandBingCrosbyandthegreatcomposerDukeEllington.Armstrongwasknownasfriendlyandeasytoworkwith.Armstrong'sbiggesthitscamelaterinhislife.Thesong"MacktheKnife"wasabighitinnineteenfifty-five.Innineteensixty-four,hisversionofthesong"HelloDolly"wasthetophitaroundtheworld.Itevenreplacedatop-sellinghitbythehugelypopularBritishrockgroup,theBeatles.Threeyearslater,heappearedinthemotionpictureversionof"HelloDolly"withsingerBarbraStreisand.Thesong"WhataWonderfulWorld/'recordedinnineteensixty-eight,washisfinalbighit.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:1.ouisArmstrongneverfinishedthefifthgradeinschool.Yethewrotetwobooksabouthislifeandmanystoriesformagazines.Heappearedinmorethanthirtymovies.Hecomposedmanyjazzpieces.Hewonseveralgoldrecordsandmanyotherawards.Armstrongperformedanaverageofthreehundredconcertseachyear,travelingallovertheworld.HebecameknownastheambassadorofAmericanJazz.1.ouisArmstrongwasmarriedfourtimes.LucilleArmstrongwashisfourthwife.Theymarriedinnineteenforty-twoandstayedtogetherfortherestofhislife.Theyhadnochildren.1.ouisArmstrongdiedinnineteenseventy-one.Hisdeathwasfrontpagenewsaroundtheworld.Innineteenseventy-seven,hishomeinQueens,NewYork,wasdeclaredanationalhistoricplace.Itisnowamuseum.FormoreinformationaboutLouisArmstrongandhishouse,youcangotothemuseum'sInternetWebsite.T.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisprogramwaswrittenandproducedbyCynthiaKirk.ThisisGwenOuten.VOICETWO:AndthisisSteveEmber.ListenagainnextweekforPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.