中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量表.docx
ZG居民膳食营养素参考摄入量ChineseDietaryreferenceintakes(DRIs)(ZG营养学会2000年4月制定)DRIs是在RDAs基础上发展起来的一组每日平均膳食营养素摄入量的参考值，包括四项内容：平均需要量(EAR)、推荐摄入量(RNI)、适宜摄入量(AI)和可耐受最高摄入量(UL)。一、平均需要量(EAR,EstimatedAverageRequirement)EAR是某一特定性别，年龄及生理状况群体中对某营养素需要量的平均值。摄入量达到EAR水平是可以满足群体中半数个体对该营养素的需要。而不能满足另外半数个体的需要。EAR是RNl的基础。如果个体摄入量呈常态分布，一个人群的RNI=EAR+2SD0针对个体，可以检查其摄入不足的可能性。二、推荐摄入量(RNI5RecommendedNutrientIntake)RNl相当于传统使用的RDA,它可以满足某一特定群体中绝大多数(97%98%)个体需要量的摄入水平，可以维持组织中有适当的储备。RNl是健康个体的膳食营养素摄入标准，个体摄入量低于RNl时，并不一定表明该个体未达到适宜营养状态。如果个体的平均摄入量达到或超过了RNI,可以认为该个体没有摄入不足的危险。三、适宜摄入量(ALAdeqUatelntakeS)AI是通过观察或实验获得的健康人群某种营养素的摄入量。AI能满足目标人群中几乎所有个体的需要。Al的准确性远不如RNL可能显著高于RNI。Al的主要作个体的营养素摄入目标，同时用作过多摄入的标准。当健康个体摄入量达到Al时，出现营养缺乏的危险性很小。如长期摄入超过AL则有可能产生毒副作用。四、可耐受最高摄入量(UL,TolerableUpperIntakeLevel)UL是平均每日可以摄入某营养素的最高量。这个量对一般人群中的几乎所有个体都不至于损害健康。UL的主要用途是检查个体摄入量过高的可能，避免发生中毒。当摄入量超过UL时，发生毒副作用的危险性会增加，在大多数情况下，UL包括膳食、强化食物或添加剂等各种来源的添加剂之和。表L能量和蛋白质的RNlS及脂肪供能比Table1RNIsofenergyandproteinandpercentageofenergyfromfat年龄能量Energy#蛋白质Protein脂肪FatRNIMJRNIkcalRNIg.占能量百分比energy%男M女F男M女F男M女F045-500.50.4MJkg95kcalkg*1.5(kgd)35704.604.4011001050353525.024.8112001150404030-3535.645.4313501300454546.065.8314501400505056.706.2716001500555567.106.6717001600555577.537.1018001700606025-3087.947.5319001800656598.367.94200019006565108.808.3621002000706511-10.049.202400220075751412.009.6229002400858025301820-30体力活动PALA轻10.038.80240021007565中11.299.62270023008070重13.3811.30320027009080孕妇+0.84+200+5,»-15,+20乳母+2.09+500+205020-30体力活动PALA轻9.628.0023001900中10.878.3626002000重13.009.203100220060756520-30体力活动PALA轻7.947.5319001800中9.208.362200200070756520-30体力活动PALA轻7.947.1019001700中8.808.0021001900807.747.1019001700756520-30注：#各年龄组的能量的RNI值与其EAR值相同。#TheRNIsofenergyarethesameastheEARs.*为AI值，非母乳喂养应增加20%o*Alvalue,add20%tonon-breastfeedinginfants.PALa,体力活动水平。physicalactivitylevel（凡表中数字缺如之处表示未制定该参考值）表二常量和微=元素的RNIs或AIsTable2RNIsorAIsofsomeelements钙Ca磷P钾K钠Na镁Mg铁Fe碘I锌Zn硒Se铜CU氟F珞Cr锦Mn铝Mo年龄AIAIAIAIAIAIRNIRNIRNIAIAIAIAIAImgmgmgmgmgmggmggmgggmgg0300150500200300.3501.515(AI)0.40.1100.5400300700500701050820(AI)0.60.415600450100065010012509200.80.620154z'v*80050015009001501290122510.83020780070015001000250129013.5351.213030男M女F男M女FIl-100010001500120035016181201815451.81.2405014100010002000180035020251501915.55021.44050188007002000220035015201501511.55021.5503.560孕妇早期800700250022004001520011.550中期1000700250022004002520016.550晚期1200700250022004003520016.550乳母1200700250022004002520021.565501000700200022003501515011.55021.5503.560（凡表中数字缺如之处表示未制定该参考值）表三脂溶性和水溶性维生索的RNIS（推荐摄入量）或AIS（适宜摄入量）Table3RNIsorAIsofsomevitamins年龄维生素ARNIgRE维生素DRNIg维生素E维生素BIAIRNImgTE*mg维生素B2RNImg维生素B6AImg维生素B12AIg维生素CRNImg泛酸AImg叶酸RNIgDFEA烟酸RNIMgNE胆碱Almg生物素AIg0400(AI)1030.2(AI)0.4(AI)0.10.4401.765(AI)2(AI)10050.5400(AI)1030.3(AI)0.5(AI)030.5501.880(AI)3(AI)15065001040.60.60.50.9602.01506200846001050.70.70.61.2703.020072501277001070.91.00.71.2804.0200930016117005101.21.20.91.8905.03001235020男M女F男M女F男M女F男M女F148007005141.51.21.51.21.12.41005.0400151245025188007005141.41.31.41.21.22.41005.0400141345030孕妇早期8005141.51.71.92.61006.06001550030中期90010141.51.71.92.61306.06001550030晚期90010141.51.71.92.61306.06001550030乳母120010141.81.71.92.81307.050018500355080070010141.31.41.52.41005.04001345030注：*RE卫视黄醇当量。REisretinolequivalent.*TE为a生育酚当量。aTEistocopherolequivalent.aDFE为膳食叶酸当量。DEFisdietarypolateequivalent.NE为叶酸当量。NEisniacinequivalent.（凡表中数字缺如之处表示未制定该参考值）某些微量营养素的ULSULsofsomemicronutrients钙镁铁碘锌铜氟铭钳维生素维生素维生素维生素叶酸烟酸胆碱磷硒锦年ADBlC龄FolicCholiage岁CaPMgFeIZnSeCuFCrMnMoVAVDVBlVCacidNiacinne(year)mgmggREgmgmggDFmgNEmgmgmgmgggmgmggmggE010550.44006000.5200203013800.850080003000030231201.51.2200805060030010100020030403000030231802.01.63001102000205070040015150020050703000030800282403.52.030016020002050800400202000男女MF20070110350005080037343005.02.44002802000205090060030250020070140350005080042353607.02.8400280200020501000800303000200701001803500050045374008.03.0500103503000205010001000353500孕妇2000300070100035400240020100010003500060乳母2000350070050100035400201000100035005020003500A70050100037374008.03.0500103503000205010001000353500注：*NE=烟酸当量。NEisniacinequivalent.#DFE为膳食叶酸当量。DFEiSdietaryfoalteeqUiVaIent.*60岁以上磷的UL为3OOOmgoULofphosphorusis3OOmgforpeople60yearsover.NE为叶酸当量。NEisniacinequivalent.(凡表中数字缺如之处表示未制定该参值)表5蛋白质及某些微量营养素的EARsTable2EARsofproteinandsomemicronutrients年龄岁Year蛋白质Protein(gkg)锌Znmg硒Seg维生素AVAgRE*维生素D维生素BI维生素B2VB2mg维生素CVCmg叶酸FolicacidgDFEVDgVBlmg2.25L251.53758.88*0.51.251.156.740013.8*17.4173000.40.5133208.7200.50.62232079.7267000.50.839320男M女F男M女F男M女F13.110.8367000.713201413.911.24010.91.3113320180.9213.28.3411.41.31.2175320孕妇Pregnantwomen131.4566520早期1sttrimester8.350中期2ndtrimester550晚期3rdtrimester550乳母lactatingmothers0.181065131.496450500.9275320注："RE为视黄醇当量。REisretinolequivalent#DFE为膳食叶酸当量。DFEisdietaryIbaIteequivalent.*0-2.9岁南方8.88g,北方地区为13.8g002.9years,8.88gfornorth,13.8gforsouthchina.（凡表中数字缺如之处表示未制定该参考值
