EvolutionEarth《进化的地球（2023）》第一季第四集完整中英文对照剧本.docx

Viewerslikeyoumakethisprogrampossible.SupportyourlocalPBSstation.ShaneCampbellStatOn在冰冻的极端ShaneCampbell-StatonAtthefrozenextremes在这个世界上，ofthisworld,气温上升速度快了4倍temperaturesarerising4timesfaster比世界上任何地方都要多thananywhereelseontheglobe.在这里，大自然的韧性Here,nature'sresilience暗示着可以帮助我们的奥秘ishintingatmysteriesthatcanhelpus了解我们的未来understandourfuture.在北极，北极熊出现了IntheArctic,polarbearsareturningup他们不该去的地方wheretheyaren'tsupposedtobe.城长Growls但如果我们跟随他们，他们可以告诉我们一些事情butifwefollowthem,theycantellusthings关于我们自己看不到的地球aboutourplanetthatwejustcan'tseeonourown.雷电Thunder我叫肖恩坎贝尔斯塔顿Myname'sShaneCampbell-Staton.我是一名进化生物学家manevolutionarybiologist.我在这里给你讲电影制♥作♥人、科学家的故事,mheretotellyoustoriesfromfilmmakers,scientists,以及全球各地的当地专家andlocalexpertsacrosstheglobe关于变化的脉搏aboutapulseofchange.整个星球都在变化Theentireplanetisshifting.气候正在以惊人的速度变化Theclimateischangingatanincredible比应该的速度快170倍170timesfasterthanitshouldbe.我们不可能总是看到它，Wecan'talwaysseeit,我们陷入了自己的困境，你知道，we'resocaughtupinourownthing,youknow,但这些迹象无处不在butthesignsareeverywhere.整棵生命之树都在对我们窃窃私语Theentiretreeoflifeiswhisperingtous.我们只需要注意Wejusthavetopayattention.在外面，事情并不是你所期望的那样Outthere,thingsaren'twhatyouexpect.你会看到的You'llsee.刮风windblowing雪嘎吱作响snowcrunching在加拿大，这只雌性北极熊InCanada,thisfemalepolarbear正在和她的幼崽一起迁移到哈德逊湾ismigratingtotheHudsonBaywithhercubs.她夏天在内陆呆了4个月，Shehasspent4monthsinlandduringthesummer,在那段时间里，她一次也没吃东西andinthattime,shehasn'teatenonce.它是陆地哺乳动物中禁食时间最长的It'sthelongestfastofanylandmammal.嚼枯叶是不会有好处的Chewingondeadleavesisnotgonnacutit.她需要在冰上狩猎海豹，Sheneedstobeoutontheice,huntingseals,但是冰还没有形成buttheicehasn'tformedyet.他们已经好几个月没有海冰了womanTheyhaven'thadseaiceformonthsalready.呃，北极熊已经禁食了Uh,polarbearshavebeenfastingforalready3至4个月，有时为5个月3to4,sometimes5months.当我们在熊身上做笔记时，Whenwe'retakingnotesonbears,首先，wearelookingat,well,first,我们能分辨出它是雄性还是雌性吗？canwetellifit'smaleorfemale?我们不能总是说出来嗯，它看起来多老了？Wecan'talwaystell.Um,howolddoesitlook?是成年人吗？它是一只幼崽吗？可能是亚成年人吗？Isitanadult?Isitacub?Isitasubadultmaybe?然后我们观察它的身体状况Andthenwe,relookingatitsbodycondition.那么它有多胖？Sohowfatisit?我们对它们的评分在1到5之间，Weratethemonascalebetween1and5,其中5个是最胖的with5beingthefattest.他们的肚子是怎么挂的？Andkindofhowdoestheirbellyhang?我们能看到他们的肩胛骨吗？Uh,canweseetheirshoulderblades?当你和AlysaMcCall谈话时ShaneWhenyoutalktoAlysaMcCall关于北极熊aboutpolarbears.他们总体上有多胖？AlysaKindofhowfatoverallarethey?现在，最好的方法是感受北极熊Now,thebestwaytodothatistofeelpolarbears.你会觉得她有很多话要说Shaneyougettheimpressionshe'sgotalottosay.Alysa但是，嗯，如果我们能看到耳朵标签，Alysabut,um,ifwecanseeeartags,如果有一个独特的疤痕，ifthere'sauniquescar,熊要去哪里uh,wherethebear,skindofgoing或者他们所做的一切都可能是有趣的数据orwhatthey'redoingcanallbeinterestingdata.我明白了她只是那种人ShaneIgetit.She'sjustoneofthosepeople她找到了自己的激&heartsHW♥whohasfoundherpassion.她是追踪北极熊的世界专家，She'saworldexpertintrackingpolarbears,跟随他们去哪里，看看如何followingwheretheygoandseeinghow他们正在处理我们日益变暖的世界theyaredealingwithourwarmingworld.Alysa我们确实有一个妈妈带着幼崽在这个地区，AlysaWedohaveamomwithcubsinthearea,这很巧妙，因为我们能认出她是谁whichisneatbecausewecanfigureoutwhosheis.我们把车停在这儿，看看能看到什么Uh,let'spullinrighthereandseewhatwecansee.她是一名10岁的女性Sheisa10-year-oldfemale.她的唯一身份号♥码是X33570HeruniqueidentificationnumberisX33570.ShaneX33570出现问题ShaneX33570hasgotaproblem.土地上没有足够的食物，AlysaThere'snotenoughfoodonland,陆地上的北极熊没有足够的热量there'snotenoughcaloriesforpolarbearsonland.它们需要高热量的海豹鲸脂，Theyneedthehigh-caloriesealblubber,他们只能在海冰上找到andtheycanonlygetthatontheseaice.有一只海豹在嘲弄一只北极熊，There'sasealtauntingapolarbear,而北极熊就是无法到达，你知道的andthepolarbearjustcan'tgettoit,youknow.通常情况下，熊会ShaneOrdinarily,thebearswouldbegetting准备猎杀那些海豹readytohuntthoseseals.是的你真的可以告诉那只熊AlysaYeah.Youcouldreallytellthatbear真希望有海冰去抓那只海豹是啊wishedithadseaicetogogetthatseal.Yeah.但气候变化意味着冻结ShaneButclimatechangemeansthefreeze每年都会越来越晚iscominglaterandlatereachyear.他们饿rThey'restarving.他们只能等待There'snothingtheycandobutwait.Alysa在过去的10年里一直在标记Alysahasspentthelast10yearstagging那些有追踪器可以发射光束的熊thebearswithtrackersthatcanbeam他们的GPS位置直接返回到她的电脑theirGPSpositionsstraightbacktohercomputer.确实只有全球定位系统的数据才能告诉我们TrulyonlyGPSdatacangiveusthat.嗯，所以，现在，所有的熊都已经搬到了海岸Uh,so,rightnow,allthebearshavealreadymovedtothecoast.嘟嘟声beeping我们只看到这些小熊猫Wejustseetheselittleclustersofbears.他们都在海岸边They'reallalongthecoast.他们只是在等那块冰They'rejustwaitingforthatice.北极熊通常是孤独的，ShanePolarbearsareusuallysolitary,但现在他们发现自己被困住了butnowtheyfindthemselvestrapped在海边，拥挤在一起，onthecoast,crowdedtogether,等待大冰冻waitingforthebigfreeze.他们整个夏天都没吃东西Noneofthemhaveeatenallsummer.4个小时后我就宿醉了，Now,Igethangryafter,like,4hours,更不用说4个月了letalone4months.咆哮growling被困在海滩上，脾气开始暴躁起来Crampedonthebeach,tempersstarttofray.咆哮growling他们互相挑战，试图Theychallengeeachother,tryingto在高度上占主导地位dominatethroughheight咆哮继续growlingcontinuing你不会想和这些家伙针锋相对的Youwouldn'twanttostandtoetotoewiththeseguys.他们身高约10英尺Theyaremeasuringinatabout10feettall.还有那些4英寸的爪子，它们会给你生意andthose4-inchclaws,they'llgiveyouthebusiness.现在不是进行这种战斗的时候It'snotthetimeforthiskindoffighting.没有发&hearts丁情♥的雌性，周围没有食物Therearenofemalesinheat,there'snofoodaround.他们只是脾气暴躁，They'rejustornery,他们在浪费宝贵的能量andthey1rewastingvaluableenergy.这些北极熊在陆地上多呆了4周AlysaThesepolarbearsareonland4weekslonger比20世纪80年代的北极熊，thanpolarbearswereinthe1980s,所以我们真的开始推动sowereallyarestartingtopush北极熊的极限polarbearstotheirlimits.他们正在减肥They'relosingweight他们瘦了大约一公斤Theyloseuptoaboutakilogram卷天的体重，ofbodyweightaday,随着时间的推移，这真的会增加andthatreallyaddsupovertime.Shane他们在陆地上可以减掉400多磅ShaneTheycanloseover400poundswhilestuckonland.他们似乎每天都在测试冰，Eachday,theyseemtotesttheice,但仍然没有运气butstillnoluck.这并不是一种简单的生活andit'snotlikethisisaneasylifeinthefirstplace.它们的栖息地对我来说太疯狂了AlysaTheirhabitatissocrazytome.就像在另一个星球上一样1.ike,it'slikebeingonanotherplanet.生活在一个寒冷的地方，Toliveinaplacewhereit'sfreezingcold,天很黑，刮风it'sdark,it,swindy.它真的一直在你的脚下移♥动♥It,sliterallymovingbeneathyourfeetallthetime.北极熊过着自己的生活真是太疯狂了，It'scrazythatpolarbearslivethelifetheydo,即使在最好的时候evenatthebestoftimes.现在我们让他们更难走出去andnowwe'remakingitevenharderforthemtobeoutthere.如果他们能狩猎，ShaneIfthey'regoingtobeabletohunt,浮冰需要大约一英尺厚thefloatingiceneedstobeaboutafootthick.冰破裂icecracking4溅splashing融化的北极不仅仅是改变ThemeltingArcticisnotjustaltering熊的动作thebears*movements.它正在改变他们的生理机能lt,schangingtheirphysiology.我们看到熊变小了AlysaWe'veseenthebearsgetalittlesmaller.它们的幼崽越来越少，They'rehavingfewercubs,这与变化密切相关andthatiscloselytiedtothechanges在它们的海冰栖息地intheirseaicehabitat.这些熊在前线ShaneThesebearsareonthefrontline我们不断变化的气候ofourchangingclimate.我们称它们为白色长毛金丝雀AlysaWedocallthemthewhite,hairycanaries在煤矿里inthecoalmine.对女性来说，这是一场与时间的赛跑ShaneForfemales,it'saraceagainsttime.它们需要养肥以备下一个繁殖季节Theyneedtofattenupforthenextbreedingseason.高达70%的人不会增加足够的体重Upto70%ofthemwon'tgainenoughweight能够生下幼崽tobeabletohavecubs.对广一个如此爱熊的人来说，Forsomeonewholovesbearssomuch,这是一件很难观看的事情it,sahardthingtowatch.人们开始生气了我认为这是其中的一部分Peoplearegettingpissed.Ithinkthat'spartofit.是啊我很生气哈哈哈！Yeah.mgettingpissed.Hahaha!就在我们以为他们永远出不去的时候ShaneJustwhenwethoughttheywouldnevergetout在冰上，海湾终于开始结冰ontheice,thebayfinallystartstofreeze.电脑嘟嘟声computerbeeping熊的GPS数据显示了它们的活动Thebears'GPSdatashowmovement.熊在排队吃自助餐AlysaThebearsareinlineforthisbuffet他们已经等了5个月了thatthey'vebeenwaitingtoopenfor5months.我们的妈妈和她的幼崽ShaneOurmamaandhercubs终于可以继续他们的生活了canfinallygetonwiththeirlives.现在是比赛时间了It'sgametimenow.熊就像“走吧，走吧，我们走吧！"AlysaThebearsarelike"Let,sgo,let,sgo,letsgo!"快速嘟嘟声rapidbeeping嘟嘟声beeping直升机启动helicopterstarting熊走了，艾丽莎跟在后面ShaneThebearsgo,andAlysafollows.噢，我想我们有一场争吵AlysaOh,Ithinkwehaveabearout在我们的，呃，3点钟，如果你往那边看的话atour,uh,3o'clockthereifyoulookthatway.这是一只雌性她有一只幼崽Thisoneisafemale.She'sgotacub.身体状况等级为1到5Thebodyconditionscaleis1to5.看起来大约是3,Uh,itlookslikeabouta3,每年这个时候都相当平均prettyaveragethistimeofyear.今年我们看到的很多熊都是3只Alotofthebearswe'reseeingthisyeararea3.她是一只有领的熊，所以我们可以在地图上看到她Sheis,uh,acollaredbear,sowecanseeheronthemap.气候科学家利用卫星图像ShaneClimatescientistsusesatelliteimagery追踪冰冷的海洋totrackthefreezingocean.卫星图像无法显示的是Whatsatelliteimagescan'tshowis冰形成时的厚度，thethicknessoftheiceasitforms,但带项圈的熊可以帮助我们监测冰的状态butcollaredbearscouldhelpusmonitorthestateoftheice.每只熊都充当哨兵，进行测试eachbearactingasasentinel,testing冰的形成theformationoftheice当他们穿过哈德逊湾时astheymoveacrosstheHudsonBay.嘟嘟声beeping追踪熊可以帮助我们了解时间Trackingthebearscouldhelpusunderstandthetiming冰何时何地薄而不规则ofwhenandwheretheiceisthinandpatchy.咆哮growling以及它变得越来越厚的地方andwhereit,sbecomingthicker.北极熊项圈的分辨率要高得多AlysaPolarbearcollarshavemuchfinerresolution与卫星数据相比，thanthesatellitedata,因此冰数据是重要的，sotheicedataisimportant但项圈真的给了我们butthecollarsarereallygivingus关于外面发生的事情的信息theinformationaboutwhat'sgoingonoutthere.嘟嘟声beeping通过观察北极熊在做什么，Bywatchingwhatpolarbearsaredoing,他们告诉我们很多事情they'retellingusalotaboutwhat'sgoingon随着海冰和变化withtheseaiceandthechanges他们正在经历的thatthey'reexperiencing.有时，只是通过戏剧ShaneSometimes,it,sonlythroughthedrama为了生存而奋斗ofastruggletosurvivethatwecan真的很感激我们的星球正在发生如此大的变化reallyappreciatehowmuchourplanetischanging.通过这种方式，他们的故事向我们展示了变化Inthisway,theirstoryshowsusthechanges发生在他们的环境中takingplaceintheirenvironment.就像这只山兔1.ikethismountainhare.她与环境的关系Herconnectiontotheenvironment被刻进了她的DNAisetchedintoherDNA.她已经从白色变成了棕色Shehasevolvedtochangefromwhitetobrown正好赶上融雪的时候justintimefromwhenthesnowmelt发生在春天happensinthespring.但现在雪每年都会提前融化butnowthesnowismeltingearliereachyear.兔子跟不上了andtheharescan,tkeepup.每年，她都发现自己没有伪装Eachyear,shefindsherselfwithoutcamouflage持续35天并且还在继续for35daysandcounting.她的皮毛表明事情有多不正常Herfurissignalinghowmuchthingsareoutofwhack.穿着白色冬衣，她一定要勇敢面对棕色的世界Inherwhitewintercoat,shemustbraveabrownworld.她现在基本上是大自然的午餐盒She'sbasicallynature'slunchboxrightnow.鸟叫声birdscreeching她被跟踪了Andsheisbeingstalked.被一个正在寻找配偶的男性追求者byamalesuitoronthehuntforamate.为了测试他的速度，她逃跑了Totesthisspeed,sherunsaway.他可能很快，但有多强壮？Hemaybefast,buthowstrong?她在这次约会中增加了一场拳击比赛Sheaddsaboxingmatchtothisdate.几千年来，这些情人Forthousandsofyears,theselovers他们的勾搭很低，hadtheirhookupsonthedown-low,被它们的白色皮毛在雪地里伪装camouflagedbytheirwhitefuragainstthesnow.现在，他们不相配的外套Now,theirmismatchedcoats他们把所有的生意都放在那里，areputtingalltheirbusinessoutthere,讲述一个他们无法跟上的不断变化的世界的故事tellingastoryofachangingworldtheycannotkeepupwith.这是我所知道的最生动的演示It'sthemostgraphicdemonstrationIknow显示了动物之间不断变化的联♥系♥thatshowstheshiftingconnectionsbetweenananimal以及他们称之为家的环境andtheenvironmenttheycallhome.了解环境Understandinghowtheenvironment这些冰冻世界的变化是至关重要的研究ofthesefrozenworldsisshiftingisvitalresearch.但是这些荒凉的地方buttheseinhospitableplaces通常是最难接触到的areoftenthemostdifficulttoreach.雪嘎吱作响snowcrunching需要一个特殊的人才能在这里生活足够长的时间Ittakesaspecialpersontoliveherelongenough见证变化的缓慢基线towitnessthecreepingbaselinesofchange.设备嘟嘟声devicebeeping采访者是你的手♥机♥响了吗？interviewerIsthatyourphonethatbeeped?我关掉了手♥机♥,但我从来没有IturnedmyphoneoftnotthatIever接到很多电♥话♥,但是getmanycalls,but.没有太多的接待ShaneThere'snotalotofreceptionup在落基山脉，intheRockyMountains,在那里我们遇到了比利巴尔wherewemetbillybarr.这将是我在这里度过的第50个冬天billyThis'llbemy50thwinterouthere.Shane他已经在这里呆了一段时间了ShaneHe'sbeenouthereforawhilethen.是的，我72年来的billyYeah,Igotherein'72.这里的人不多ShaneAndtherearen'tawholelotofpeopleuphere.我一个人在这里，只是自言自语billymhereallbymyself,justtalkingtomyself.“你好吗？”“很好”“你好？”"Howyoudoing?""Fine.'1',Howyoudoing?"“啊，我做得不太好”"Ah,mnotdoingsogood.看，我每天都这么做See,Idothateveryday.我的意思是，有时你只需要ShaneImean,sometimesyou,vejustgotto请自行办理入住手续checkinwithyourself.但仅仅50个冬天并不是原因But50wintersallaloneisnotwhy比利获得了神谕的地位billyhasachievedoraclestatus.这源于一种非常特殊的技能Thatcomesfromaveryparticularskill.你看，比利不是科学家Yousee,billy'snotascientist.他是一名会计Heisanaccountant.在落基山脉的高处，HighintheRockyMountains,比利开始核算雪billystartedaccountingfor.snow.所以我开始把它写下来billySoIstartedwritingitdown只是因为我有时间justbecauseIhadthetime.我总是记录数字，vealwayskepttrackofnumbers,所以一一我的意思是，我是一名会计SO-Imean,manaccountant.在他自♥制♥的气象站，ShaneAthishomemadeweatherstation,他记录下了他的发现herecordedwhathefound.就像我年复一年所做的那样，billyAndasIdidthatyearafteryear,它开始变得越来越有趣itstartedtobecomemoreandmoreinteresting.尤其是着眼于长♥期♥趋势especiallylookingatlong-termtrends.这是在1974年4月下旬Thiswasin,uh,lateApril1974.Shane然后他开始把所有的事情都记录下来ShaneAndhestartedchartingeverything.鸟鸣birdschirping所以如果你看看这里，billyAndsoifyoulookoverhere,显示一夜之间下了26英寸的雪itshowsthatitsnowed26inchesovernightShane和所有的记账爱好者一样，ShaneAswithallbookkeepingenthusiasts,他对这些细节有点忘乎所以hegotabitcarriedawaywiththedetails.云量、风力、温度Cloudcover,windstrength,temperature.每日降雪量，雪深，Dailysnowfall,depthofsnow,雪的含水量和重量.thewatercontentandweightofthatsnow.事情就这样继续着andsoitwenton.什么都没发现Nothingwentunobserved.我曾经有一张很棒的图表billyIhadthisgreatgraphoncethatshowed冬天的雪量theamountofsnowinthewinterascompared我的巧克力消费tomychocolateconsumption.当比利满足了他的甜食时，ShaneWhilebillysatisfiedhissweettooth,壁架竖起来了theledgersmountedup.50年来关于雪的确切记录A50-yearrecordofexactlyhowthesnow与大自然日复一日地相互作用andnatureinteractonaday-by-daybasis.令人惊讶的是，直到20世纪90年代Amazingly,itwasn'tuntilthe1990s科学家们掌握了比利的记录thatscientistsgotaholdofbilly,srecords.直到那时，他们才意识到这些数据Onlythendidtheyrealizethesedata正在逐渐发生变化wereshowingacreepingchange.这些是我每天看到的鸟billyThesearethebirdsIsaweachday.第一只树燕，Uh,thefirsttreeswallow,第一个黄腹的小树苗thefirstyellow-belliedsapsucker.他们甚至不再叫那个了They'renotevencalledthatanymore.第一只蝴蝶Thefirstbutterfly.这是第一只蜂鸟Andhereisthefirsthummingbird和同一天的第一朵冰川百合andthefirstglacierlilyonthatsameday.比利追踪的一朵关键花ShaneOnekeyflowerthatbillytracks是冰川百合istheglacierlily.冰川百合是第一朵花Theglacierliliesarethefirstflowers在春天雪融化时出现toemergewhenthesnowmeltsinthespring.这里就是billyThisareahereiswherethere's冰川百合种群，aglacierlilypopulation,既然我每天都经过这里，andsinceIgobythiseveryday,我用它作为指标Iusedthatastheindicator它们第一次开花的时候ofwhentheyfirststarttoflower.他告诉我们应该回来ShaneHetoldusweshouldcomeback.如果你在春天出来，你会看到它的billyIfyoucomeoutinspring,you'llgettoseeit.我们照做了ShaneSowedid.鸟鸣birdschirping水流waterflowing昆虫嗡嗡作响insectsbuzzing比利记录的重要性Theimportanceofbilly,srecords真的被这朵花的时间带问家了wasreallybroughthomebythetimingofthisflower以及它与动物的亲密联♥系♥,anditsintimateconnectionwithananimal,承担onethathasundertaken大规模的跨大♥陆♥迁徙agargantuancross-continentalmigration.从墨西哥穿越1500英里来到这里Travelingover1,500milestogetherefromMexico.翅膀每秒跳动50次.onwingsbeating50timesasecond.宽尾蜂鸟生活在快车道上，thebroad-tailedhummingbirdliveslifeinthefastlane,这个小家伙非常渴望食物andthislittledudeisabsolutelydesperateforfood.叽叽喳喳chirping冰川百合正好赶上了他的到来，The