美众议院通过TikTok剥离法案（英）-美众议院.docx

118thCONGRESS2dSessionHR7521ANACTToprotectthenationalsecurityoftheUnitedStatesfromthethreatposedbyforeignadversarycontrolledapplications,suchasTikTokandanysuccessorapplicationorserviceandanyotherapplicationorservicedevelopedorprovidedbyByteDanceLtd.oranentityunderthecontrolofByteDanceLtd.234567891()111213141516171819202122232425BeitenactedbytheSenateandHouseofRepresentativesoftheUnitedStatesOfAmericainCongressassembled,SECTION1.SHORTTITLE.ThisActmaybecitedasthe"ProtectingAmericansfromForeignAdversaryControlledApplicationsAct”.SEC.2.PROHIBITIONOFFOREIGNADVERSARYCONTROLLEDAPPLICATIONS.(a) InGeneral.一(1) Prohibitionofforeignadversarycontrolledapplications.一Itshallbeunlawfulforanentitytodistribute,maintain,orupdate(orenablethedistribution,maintenance,orupdatingof)aforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationbycarryingout,withinthelandormaritimebordersoftheUnitedStates,anyofthefollowing:(A) Providingservicestodistribute,maintain,orupdatesuchforeignadversarycontrolledapplication(includinganysourcecodeofsuchapplication)bymeansofamarketplace(includinganonlinemobileapplicationstore)throughwhichuserswithinthelandormaritimebordersoftheUnitedStatesmayaccess,maintain,orupdatesuchapplication.(B) Providinginternethostingservicestoenablethedistribution,maintenance,orupdat-ngofsuchforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationforuserswithinthelandormaritimebordersoftheUnitedStates.2345678910111213141516171819202122232425(2) Applicability.一Subsection(a)shallapply一(A) inthecaseofanapplicationthatsatisfiesthedefinitionofaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationpursuanttosubsection(g)(3)（八）,beginningonthedatethatis180daysafterthedateoftheenactmentofthisAct;and(B) inthecaseofanapplicationthatsatisfiesthedefinitionofaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationpursuanttosubsection(g)(3)(B),beginningonthedatethatis180daysafterthedateoftherelevantdeterminationofthePresidentundersuchsubsection.(b) DataandInformationPortabilitytoAlternativeApplications.Beforethedateonwhichaprohibitionundersubsection(a)appliestoaforeignadversarycontrolledapplication,theentitythatownsorcontrolssuchapplicationshallprovide,uponrequestbyauserofsuchapplicationwithinthelandormaritimebordersofUnitedStates,tosuchuseralltheavailabledatarelatedtotheaccountofsuchuserwithrespecttosuchapplication.Suchdatashallbeprovidedinamachinereadableformatandshallincludeanydatamaintainedbysuchapplicationwithrespecttotheaccountofsuchuser,includingcontent(includingposts,photos,andvideos)andallotheraccountinformation.2345678910111213141516171819202122232425(c) Exemptions.一(1) Exemptionsforqualifieddivestitures.一Subsection(a)一(A) doesnotapplytoaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationwithrespecttowhichaqualifieddivestitureisexecutedbeforethedateonwhichaprohibitionundersubsection(a)wouldbegintoapplytosuchapplication;and(B) shallceasetoapplyinthecaseofaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationwithrespecttowhichaqualifieddivestitureisexecutedafterthedateonwhichaprohibitionundersubsection(a)appliestosuchapplication.(2) Exemptionsforcertainnecessaryservices,一Subsections(a)and(b)donotapplytoservicesprovidedwithrespecttoaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationthatarenecessaryforanentitytoattaincompliancewithsuchsubsections.(d) Enforcement.一(1) Civilpenalties.12345678910111213141516171819202122232425(A) Foreignadversarycontrolledapplicationviolations,一Anentitythatviolatessubsection(a)shallbesubjecttopayacivilpenaltyinanamountnottoexceedtheamountthatresultsfrommultiplying$5,000bythenumberofuserswithinthelandormaritimebordersoftheUnitedStatesdeterminedtohaveaccessed,maintained,orupdatedaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationasaresultofsuchviolation.(B) Dataandinformationviolations.一Anentitythatviolatessubsection(b)shallbesubjecttopayacivilpenaltyinanamountnottoexceedtheamountthatresultsfrommultiplying$500bythenumberofuserswithinthelandormaritimebordersoftheUnitedStatesaffectedbysuchviolation.(2) Actionsbyattorneygeneral.一TheAttorneyGeneral一(A) shallconductinvestigationsrelatedtopotentialviolationsofsubsection(a)or(b),and,ifsuchaninvestigationresultsinadeterminationthataviolationhasoccurred,theAttorneyGeneralshallpursueenforcementunderparagraph(1);and234567891011121314151617181920212223(B) maybringanactioninanappropriatedistrictcourtoftheUnitedStatesforappropriaterelief,includingcivilpenaltiesunderparagraph(1)ordeclaratoryandinjunctiverelief.(e) Severability.一(1) Ingeneral.Ifanyprovisionofthissectionortheapplicationofthissectiontoanypersonorcircumstanceisheldinvalid,theinvalidityshallnotaffecttheotherprovisionsorapplicationsofthissectionthatcanbegiveneffectwithouttheinvalidprovisionorapplication.(2) Subsequentdeterminations.一Iftheapplicationofanyprovisionofthissectionisheldinvalidwithrespecttoaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationthatsatisfiesthedefinitionofsuchtermpursuanttosubsection(g)(3)（八）,suchinvalidityshallnotaffectorprecludetheapplicationofthesameprovisionofthissectiontosuchforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationbymeansofasubsequentdeterminationpursuanttosubsection(g)(3)(B).(f) RuleofConstruction.NothinginthisActmaybeconstrued234567891011121314151617181920212223(1) toauthorizetheAttorneyGeneraltopursueenforcement,underthissection,otherthanenforcementofsubsection(a)or(b);(2) toauthorizetheAttorneyGeneraltopursueenforcement,underthissection,againstanindividualuserofaforeignadversarycontrolledapplication;or(3) exceptasexpresslyprovidedherein,toalteroraffectanyotherauthorityprovidedbyorestablishedunderanotherprovisionofFederallaw.(g) Definitions.一Inthissection:(1) Controlledbyaforeignadversary.一Theterm'controlledbyaforeignadversary9,means,withrespecttoacoveredcompanyorotherentity,thatsuchcompanyorotherentityis一(A) aforeignpersonthatisdomiciledin,isheadquarteredin,hasitsprincipalplaceofbusinessin,orisorganizedunderthelawsofaforeignadversarycountry;(B) anentitywithrespecttowhichaforeignpersonorcombinationofforeignpersonsdescribedinsubparagraph（八）directlyorindirectlyownatleasta20percentstake;or23456789101112131415161718192021222324(C) apersonsubjecttothedirectionorcontrolofaforeignpersonorentitydescribedinsubparagraph（八）or(B).(2) Coveredcompany.一(A) Ingeneral.一Theterm'coveredcompany,meansanentitythatoperates,directlyorindirectly(includingthroughaparentcompany,subsidiary,oraffiliate),awebsite,desktopapplication,mobileapplication,oraugmentedorimmersivetechnologyapplicationthat一(i) permitsausertocreateanaccountorprofiletogenerate,share,andviewtext,images,videos,real-timecommunications,orsimilarcontent;(ii) hasmorethan1,000,000monthlyactiveuserswithrespecttoatleast2ofthe3monthsprecedingthedateonwhicharelevantdeterminationofthePresidentismadepursuanttoparagraph(3)(B);(iii) enables1ormoreuserstogenerateordistributecontentthatcanbeviewedbyotherusersofthewebsite,desktopapplication,mobileapplication,oraug-meritedorimmersivetechnologyapplication;and23456789101112131415161718192021222324(iv) enables1ormoreuserstoviewcontentgeneratedbyotherusersofthewebsite,desktopapplication,mobileapplication,oraugmentedorimmersivetechnologyapplication.(B) Exclusion.Thetermcoveredcompany,doesnotincludeanentitythatoperatesawebsite,desktopapplication,mobileapplication,oraugmentedorimmersivetechnologyapplicationwhoseprimarypurposeistoallowuserstopostproductreviews,businessreviews,ortravelinformationandreviews.(3) Foreignadversarycontrolledapplication.Theterm"foreignadversarycontrolledapplication5,meansawebsite,desktopapplication,mobileapplication,oraugmentedorimmersivetechnologyapplicationthatisoperated,directlyorindirectly(includingthroughaparentcompany,subsidiary,oraffiliate),by一（八）anyof-(i) ByteDance,Ltd.;(ii) TikTok;2345678910111213141516171819202122232425(iii) asubsidiaryoforasuccessortoanentityidentifiedinclause(i)or(ii)thatiscontrolledbyaforeignadversary;or(iv) anentityownedorcontrolled,directlyorindirectly,byanentityidentifiedinclause(i),(ii),or(iii);or(B)acoveredcompanythat一(i) iscontrolledbyaforeignadversary;and(ii) thatisdeterminedbythePresidenttopresentasignificantthreattothenationalsecurityoftheUnitedStatesfollowingtheissuanceof-(I) apublicnoticeproposingsuchdetermination;and(II) apublicreporttoCongress,submittednotlessthan30daysbeforesuchdetermination,describingthespecificnationalsecurityconcerninvolvedandcontainingaclassifiedannexandadescriptionofwhatassetswouldneedtobedivestedtoexecuteaqualifieddivestiture.(4) Foreignadversarycountry.一Theterm'foreignadversarycountry9,meansacountryspeci-2345678910111213141516171819202122232425fiedinsection4872(d)(2)oftitle10,UnitedStatesCode.(5) Internethostingservice.Theterm'internethostingservice"meansaservicethroughwhichstorageandcomputingresourcesareprovidedtoanindividualororganizationfortheaccommodationandmaintenanceof1ormorewebsitesoronlineservices,andwhichmayincludefilehosting,domainnameserverhosting,cloudhosting,andvirtualprivateserverhosting.(6) Qualifieddivestiture.一Theterm"qualifieddivestiture9,meansadivestitureorsimilartransactionthat一(A) thePresidentdetermines,throughaninteragencyprocess,wouldresultintherelevantforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationnolongerbeingcontrolledbyaforeignadversary;and(B) thePresidentdetermines,throughaninteragencyprocess,precludestheestablishmentormaintenanceofanyoperationalrelationshipbetweentheUnitedStatesoperationsoftherelevantforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationandanyformerlyaffiliatedentitiesthatarecontrolledbyaforeignadversary,in-234567891011121314151617181920212223eludinganycooperationwithrespecttotheoperationofacontentrecommendationalgorithmoranagreementwithrespecttodatasharing.(7)Sourcecode.一Thetermssourcecode”meansthecombinationoftextandothercharacterscomprisingthecontent,bothviewableandnonviewable,ofasoftwareapplication,includinganypublishinglanguage,programminglanguage,protocol,orfunctionalcontent,aswellasanysuccessorlanguagesorprotocols.(8) Unitedstates.一Theterm"UnitedStates9,includestheterritoriesoftheUnitedStates.SEC.3.JUDICIALREVIEW.(a) RightofAction.ApetitionforreviewchallengingthisActoranyaction,finding,ordeterminationunderthisActmaybefiledonlyintheUnitedStatesCourtofAppealsfortheDistrictofColumbiaCircuit.(b) ExclusiveJurisdiction.TheUnitedStatesCourtofAppealsfortheDistrictofColumbiaCircuitshallhaveexclusivejurisdictionoveranychallengetothisActoranyaction,finding,ordeterminationunderthisAct.(c) StatuteofLimitations.一Achallengemayonlybebrought1 (1)inthecaseofachallengetothisAct,not2 laterthan165daysafterthedateoftheenactment3ofthisAct;and4 (2)inthecaseofachallengetoanyaction,5 finding,ordeterminationunderthisAct,notlater6 than90daysafterthedateofsuchaction,finding,7ordetermination.PassedtheHouseofRepresentativesMarch13,2024.Attest:Clerk.118thCONGRESS2dSessionH.R.7521ANACTToprotectthenationalsecurityoftheUnitedStatesfromthethreatposedbyforeignadversarycontrolledapplications,suchasTikTokandanysuccessorapplicationorserviceandanyotherapplicationorservicedevelopedorprovidedbyBytcDanceLtd.oranentityunderthecontrolofByteDanceLtd.