2023年3月六级真题试卷.docx

2023年3月六级真题试卷(A卷)WritingPartI(30minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)DirectionszForthispart,youareallowed3ominutestowriteanessaythatbeginswiththesentence"Peoplearenowincreasinglyawareofthedangerof'appearanceanxiety'orbeingobsessedwithone'slooks."Youcanmakecomments,citeexamplesoruseyourpersonalexperiencestodevelopyouressay.YoushouldwriteatleastISOwordsbutnomorethan200words.PartIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation.youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afieryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromtheJourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)zThenmarkthecorrespondingIereronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1A)lnarestaurant.B)lnakitchen.C)Inafoodstore.D)lnasupermarket.3.A) Shecatsmeatoccasionally.B) Sheenjoyscheeseburgers.C) Sheisallergictoseafood.D) Sheisapartialvegetarian.3.AJDeaIingwithone'scolleagues.B) Changingone'seatinghabit.C) Followingthesamedietforyears.D) Keepingawakeatmorningmeetings.4.A) Theyenjoyperfecthealth.B)Theyarebothanimallovers.C) Theyonlyeatorganicfood.D) Theyarecuttingbackoncoffee.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A)Themangotapoorevaluationfromhiscolleagues.B)Themanmadelittlecontributiontothecompany.C)Themanpaidattentiontotrivialthings.D)Themanhadanattitudeproblem6.A)Theymakeunhelpfuldecisionsforsolvingproblems.B)Theyfavorsomeemployees'suggestionsoverothers'.C)Theyusemanipulativelanguagetomasktheirirrationalchoices.D)Theyrejectemployees'reasonableargumentsforworkefficiency.7.A)Itisamustforrationaljudgment.B)ltismoreofasinthanavirtueC)ltisagodeanbyexwortFeeBootheBortD)Itismoreimportantnowthanever.8.A)Smoothingrelationshipsintheworkplace.B)Makingrationalandproductivedecisions.C)FocusingonemployeescarcergrowthD)Preservingtheirpowerandprestige.SectionBDirectionsdnthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion.youmusichoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.9.A) Theyshowgeniuswhichdefiesdescription.B) Theyaccomplishfeatsmanyofuscannot.C) Theycreateveryhighcommercialvalue.D) Theybringgreathonortotheircountry.10.A)Theytakepartinkids'extra-curricularactivities.B)Theyworkinsparetimetoteachchildrensports.C)Theytrytobepositiverolemodelstochildren.D)Theyserveasspokespersonsforluxurygoods.11.AJSeparatinganathlete'sprofessionallifefromtheirpersonallife.B)Preventingcertainathletesfromgettingintroublewiththelaw.CJKeepingathletesawayfromdrugoralcoholproblems.D)Beingsupersportsstarswithoutappearingarrogant.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.12.A) Theyalwayscostmorethanexpected.B) Theyarejoyousandexcitingoccasions.C) Theyshouldbepaidupbytheattendees.D) Theyaredreamscomingtruetothebrides.13.Itcost$60,000.Itwascancelled.IthadeightguestsonlyItwasheldinLasVegas.14.Postponeherwedding.AskherfriendsforhelpKeeptoherbudget.Nvitemoreguests.15.A) Shecalleditromantic.B) Shewelcomeditwithopenarms.C)Shesaidshewouldthinkaboutit.D)Sherejecteditflatly.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksFollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therectordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)zB)C)awaID).ThenmurkthecorrespondingIesteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.16.Itdeterminespeople'smoods.Itcanimpactpeople'swellbeing.Itiscloselyrelatedtopeople'semotions.ItcaninfluencepcopteIspersonaIitics>17.A) Theymakepeoplemorereproductive.B) Theyincreasepeople'slifeexpectancy.C) Theytendtoproducepositivefeelings.D) Theymayalterpeople'sgenesgradually.18.A)Thelinkbetweentemperatureandpersonalityisfairlyweak.B)PcopIesharemanypersonalitytraitsdespitetheirnationalitics.C)Peopleinthesamegeographicalareamaydifferinpersonality.D)TheAmericansareapparentlymoreoutgoingthantheChinese.Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19.A)ThenumberofolderAmericanslivingaloneisontherise.B)ChronicIonclinessdoesharmtoseniorcitizensinparticular.C) Correlationshavebeenfoundbetweenlonelinessandillhealth.D)AgrowingnumberofUSseniorsfacetheriskofearlymortality.20.Medicationisavailablefortreatingloneliness.1.onelinessrarelyresultsfromlivingaloneBeingbusyhelpsfightloneliness1.onelinessisprobablyreversible.21.1.ivingwithone'schildren.Meetingsocialexpectations.Meaningfulsocialcontact.TimelymedicalinterventionQuestions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.22.A)Shehadasuccessfulcareerinfinance.B)Shewrotestoriesaboutwomentravelers.C)ShemaderegulartripstoAsiancountries.D) Sheinvestedinseveralprivatecompanies.23.A)Buyaranch.B)Startablog.C) Travelroundtheworld.D) Setupatravelagency.24.A)Workhardtoattractattentionfrompublishers.B)Gainsupportfromtraveladvertisingcompanies.C)Trytofindafull-timejobinthetravelbusiness.D)Createsomethinguniquetoentertheindustry.25.A)Attractingsufficientinvestment.B)Creatinganexoticcorporateculture.C) Avoidingtoomuchadvertisingearlyon.D) Refrainingfrompromotingsimilarproducts.PartIIIReadiacomprensm(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachbiankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbarkfollowirgthepassage.ReadthepassagetaroughcarefiuIybeforemakingyourchoices.EachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaIener.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmay*totuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Unthinkableasitmaybe,humanity,everylastperson,couldsomedaybewipedfromthefaceoftheEarth.Wehavelearnedtoworryaboutasteroids(小行星)andsupervolcanoes,butthemorelikely26,accordingtoNickBostrOm,aprofessorofphilosophyatOxfordJsthatwehumanswilldestroyourselves.ProfessorBostromzwhodirectsOxford'sFutureofHumanitylnstitutezhasarguedoverthecourseofseveralpapersthathuman27risksarepoorlyunderstoodand,Worscstill.28underestimatedbysociety.Someoftheseexistentialrisksarefairlywellknown,especiallythenaturalones.Butothersare29orevenexotic.MostworryingtoBostromisthesubsetofexistentialrisksthat30fromhumantechnology,asubsetthatheexpectstogrowinnumberandpotencyoverthenextcentury.Despitehisconcernsabouttherisks31_tohumansbytechnologicalprogress,Bostromisnoluddite(科技进步反对者).Infact.heisalongtime32oftrans-humanism-theefforttoimprovethehumanconditionzandevenhumannatureitsc11throughtechnologicalmeans.Inthelongrunheseestechnologyasabridgezabridgewehumansmustcrosswithgreatcare,inordertoreachnewandbettermodesofbeing.Inhiswork,Bostromusesthetoolsofphilosophyandmathematics,in33,probabilitytheory,totryanddeterminehowwoasa34mightachievethissafepassage.WhatfollowsismyconversaticnwithBostromaboutsomeofthemostinterestingandworryingexistentialrisksThathumanitymight35inthedecadesandcenturiestocomezandaboutwhatwecandotomakesureoutlastthem.VarietyB) species C)shrewdly D)severely E)scenario F)posed GJparticuIar HJobscure Section BI)e×tinction J)evaporationK) encounter L)encounter M)arise N)advocate 0) advocateDirections:Inthissection,youaregoirigtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsAIuachedtoit.EachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheParagraphsJdentjfytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Yaumaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.EachparagraphismarkedwithaIetrer.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.SanFranciscoHasBecomeOneHugeMetaphorforEconomicInequalityinAmericaAThefogstillchillsthemorningairandthecablecarsstillclimbhalfwaytothestars.YetonthegroundztheBayArcahaschaingedgreatlysincesingerTonyBennetlefthishearthere.SiliconValleyandthetechindustryhaveledtheregionintoaperiodofunprecedentedwealthandinnovation.Butcxistingpoliticalandlandlimitshavecausedanalarminghousingcrisisandastronomicalriseinsocialandeconomicdifference.B WhiletheresidentsofmostcitiesdisplayprideandsupportfortheirhomeindustrieszdrasticmarketdistortionsintheSanFranciscoBayAreahavecreatedBoillingresentmentintheregiontowardsthetechindustry.Avocalminorityisevencallingonofficialstopunishthosewhoarebenefittingfromtheeconomicandhousingboom.Ifthisboomanditsconsequencesarenotresolved,adrasticincreaseinsocialandeconomicdifferencemayhaveaprofoundimpactontheregionforgenerations.Ahistoryandanalysisofthistransformationmayholdinvaluableinsightsabouttheopportunities.PerilsooftechcitiesarecurrentlybeingcultivatedacrosstheUS,andindeedaroundtheworld.C Accordingtoarecentstudy,SanFranciscoranksfirstinCaliforniaforeconomicdifference.Theaverageincomeofthetop1%ofhouschoIdsinthecityaveragesS3.6million.Thists44timestheaverageineoineofthoseatthebottomzwhichstandsat$81,094.Thetop1%oftheSanFranciscopeninsula'sshareoftotalincomenowextendsto30.8%oftheregion'sincome.Thiswasadramaticjumpfrom1989zwhereitstoodat15.8%.D Theregion'seconomyhasbeenfundamentallytransformedbythetechnologindustryspringingfromSiliconVaIlcy.PoIicicspushedbyMayorEdLeeprovidedtaxbreaksfortechcompaniestosetupshopalongthecity'slong-neglectedMid-Marketarea.ThecityisnowhometoTwitterzLIberzAirbnbzPinterest,Dropboxandothers.Inshort,theBayAreahasbecomeaglobalmagnetforthosewithspecializedskills,whichhasinturnhelpedfueleconomicenthusiasm,andthiseconomicgrowthhasreducedunemploymentto3.4%zanadmirablefeat.Inspiteofallthat,thestrengthoftherecentjobgrowthzcombinedwithpoliciesthathavetraditionallylimitedhousingdevelopmentinthecityandthroughoutthepeninsula,didnothelpeasetheaffordabilitycrisis.In2015alone,theBayAreaadded64,000injobs.lnthesameyear,only5z000newhomeswerebuilt.FWiththeaveragehouseinthecitycostingover$1.25millionandaverageflatpricesover$1.11million,theminimumqualifyingincometopurchaseahousehasincreasedto$254,000.Consideringthattheaveragehouseholdincomeinthecitycurrentlystandsataround$80,000,itisnotanexaggerationtosaythatthedreamofhomeownershipisnowbeyondthegraspofthevastmajorityoftoday'speoplewhorent.ForgenerationszthestabilityandprosperityoftheAmericanmiddleclasshasbeenanchoredbyhomeownership.Studieshaveconsistentlyshownthatthevalueoflandhasovertakenoverallincomegrowth,thusprovidingahugeadvantagetopropertyownersasavehicleofwealthbuilding.Whenhomepricessoarabovethereachofmosthoucholds,thegapbetweentherichandthepoordramaticallyincreases.HIfcontributingfactorsleadingtohousingbecominglessthanaffordablearenotresolvedovermultiplegenerations,asmallelitewillcontrolavastshareofthecountry'stotalwealth.Theresult?Asocictywherethethreatofelasswarfarewouldloomlarge.Asociety'slevelofhappinessistiedlesstomeasuresofquantitativewealthandmoretomeasuresofqualitativewealth.Thismeansthathowapersonjudgestheirsecurityincomparisontotheirneighbors'hasmoreofanimpactontheirhappinessthantheirobjectivestandardofliving.Atthesametime,whenasystemnolongerprovidesopportunitiesforthemajoritytoparticipateinwealthbuilding,itnotonlyrobsthosewhoareexcIudedfromopportunitieszbutalsodeprivesthemoftheirdignity.SanFranciscoandtheBayAreahaveIoongbeencommittedtovalueswhichembraceinclusionandrejectionofmainstreamctuIture.Toseethesevaluescomingapartsopubliclyaddsinsulttoinjuryforaregiononcedefinedbyitsprogressivesocialfabric.Inthefaceofresentment,itishumantowantrevenge.Butdeterioratingpoliciessuchasheavilytaxingtechnologycompaniesorrealestatedevelopersarenotlikelytoshiftthebalance.Thehousingcrisisiscausedbytwoprimaryfactors!hegrowingdesirabilityoftheBayAreaasaplacetoliveductoitsexcellenteconomy,andourlimitedhousingstock.Althoughthecityisexperiencinganunprecedentedboominnewhousing.moreunitsaresorelyneeded.Protectionpolicieswereoriginallydesignedtosuppressbaddevelopmentandboosthistoricpreservationinoururbanareas.Now,toomanydevelopersareexperiencingexcessivedelays.Meanwhile,therearethelandlimitationsoftheBayAreatoconsider.Theregionissurroundedbywaterandmountains.Localgovernmentsneedtoaiddevelopmentaswell.Thismeansincreasinghousingdensitythroughouttheregionandbuildingupwardswhilestreamliningtheapprovalprocess.KRealestatealonewillnotsolvetheproblem,ofcourse.Transportation,too,needstobeupdatedandinfrastructureextendedtolinkdistantregionstoSiliconValleyandthecity.Weneedtobuildaneffectivehigh-speedcommutingsystemlinkingthehigh-pricedandcrowdedBayAreawiththelow-pricedandlow-densityCentralValley.Thiswoulddramaticallyreducetraveltimes.AndbasedontheoperatingspeedsofhoveringtrainsusedincountricssuchasJapanorSpain,high-speedrailcouldshortenthetimetotravelbetweenSanFranciscoandCalifornia'scapital,SacramentozOrfromStocktontoSanJose,tounder30minutes.Thissystemwouldbringoncedistantregionswithinreasonablecommutetoheavyjobcenters.Thecityalsoneedstoupdateexistingtransportationroutescombinedwithsmarthome-buildingpoliciesthatdramaticallyincreasehousingdensityinareassurroundinghigh-spcedrailstations.Bydoingso.wewillbeabletobuildaffordablehousingwithinacccptablecommutingdistancesforasignificantbulkoftheworkforce.L0urthreateninghousingcrisisforcesthedifficultquestionofwhattypeofsocietywewouldliketobe.Willitbeonewheretheelitecommandthevastbulkofwealthandregionalcultureisdefinedbyanaggressivebusinessworld?Wewererecentlytreatedtoatasteofthelatter,whenlocaltechemployeeJustinKellerwroteanopenlettertothecitycomplainingabouthavingtoseehomelesspeopleonhiswaytowork.MItdocsn'thavetobethisway.Butsolutionsneedtobeimplementednow,beforeangrycrowdsgrowfromanuisancetoseriousconcern.Itmaytakelessthanyoumightthink.Andinfact,thesolutionstooourhousingcrisisarealreadyfairlyclear.Weneedtoincreasethedensityofhousingunits.Weneedtouseexistingtechnologytoshortentraveltimesandbreakthelandlimits.Thereisawaytosolvecomplexsocialandeconomicproblemswithoutabandoningsocialresponsibility.ThisistheBayArea'sopportunitytoprovethatitcaninnovatemorethanjusttechnology.36.Thehigherrateofemployment,combinedwithlimitedhousingsupply,didnotmakeitanyeasiertobuyahouse.37. Onewaytodealwiththehousingcrisisisforthegovernmenttosimplifyapprovalproceduresforhousingprojects.38. ResidentsoftheSanFrandscoBayAreastronglyresentthetechindustrybecauseoftheeconomicinequalityithascontributedto.39. Thefastriseinthepricesoflandanhousesincreasestheeconomicinequalityamongpeople.40. SanFranciscocitygovernmentofferedtaxbenefitstoattracttechcompaniestoestablishoperationsinalessdevelopedarca.41. Innovativesolutionstosocialandecornomicproblemsshouldbeintroducedbeforeitistoolate.42. WhenpeoplecomparetheirownlivingstandardwithothersJthasagreaterimpactontheirsenseofcontentment.43. SanFranciscohasbeenfoundtohavethebiggestincomegapinCaliforniabetweentherichandthepoor.44. Improvedtransportnetworksconnectingthecitytodistantoutlyingareaswillalsohelpsolvethehousingcrisis.45. AverageincomesintheBayAreamakeitvirtuallyimpossible