2015年04月自学考试00096《外刊经贸知识选读》试题和答案.docx

2015年4月全国高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题课程代码：00096一、单项选择题(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)1. China'sau(oindustryisswitchinggearsdespitesluggishsalesinrecentmonths.（八）A.inactiveB.aggregateC.cyclicalD.easing2. ThegreatestriskforChinathisyearisexternal,astheEuropeandebtcrisisislikelytodeteriorate,causingfurtherpainsforChineseexporters.（八）A.,worsenB.tackleC.supportD.imagine3. Chinesecompaniescompleted110overseasmergerandacquisitiondealsin2011.(C)A.deficitB.profitC.combinationD.balance4. Thecompanyoutbidfiveothercompetitors,includingGermanmultinationalE.ONandBrazilianpowergeneratorsEletrobrasandCemig.(C)A.overgoB.outgoC.outdoD.overdo5. ThesummitoftheGroupofEight(G8),ablocformed26yearsago,apparentlyisbecomingalaggardmodeltotacklenewworldchallenges.(D)A.shriftB.frigidC.formidableD.slothful6. ThecontrastsformedbyChina'ssurgingeconomyanditsdepressedstockmarketofthepastfewyearspromptedthemtoabsorbChinesestocksatlowprices.(B)A.perspiringB.risingC.jockeyingD.descending7. Thetwogovernmentswillsignajointstatementonestablishingastrategicpartnershipbetweenthetwocountries,whichwillbecomeaguidelinedocumentforbilateralrelations.(B)A.pronouncedB.two-sidedC.stated-ownedD.removed8. Applegivessuppliersaveryiowprofitmargin,whichmakessupplierslackincentiveandresourcestoimproveworkers'welfareandfactoryenvironment.(D)A.strategyB.contributorC.fundD.motivator9. TheUSmanufacturingbeefmarketoverthepastcoupleofweekshashadmoreofabearishundertone,clueinparttohigherstocksoffrozenbonelessbeef.(C)A.adetailedplanB.astrongfoundationC.anunderlyingtendencyD.anorganizedsystem10. ItwasatimethatChinawaslookingforexpertsfromhomeandabroadtosupportitsimpendingentryintotheWTO.（八）A.upcomingB.subtleC.devastatingD.temperate11. TheusuallybustlingstreetsofTokyoareeerilyemptythisweek,andtheeconomyisevenlessvigorousthanin1995.(B)A.narrowB.livelyC.primitiveD.competitiveB. qualitiesD. current market prices12. SteelinventoriesaregrowingintheUS,partlyduetoaslowdowninautomanufacturing,andthetrendisspawningworriesofanoversupply.(C)A.demandsC.commoditiesofferedforsale13. WhilethereporttookitstollonChinesetire-makers,ithasflungopenthedoorforEuropeanandUStirecompanies,manyofwhomhadpreviouslyconcentratedonlyontheirownmarkets.(B)A.gaveincentivestoB.causedlossestoC.tookadvantageofD.kepttrackof15.The12thFive-YearPlanwillseetoitthatthesevenstrategicemergingindustriesattractlargeamountsofprivatecapitalandlettherealeconomyflourish.(C)A.makeprofitsB.remainstableC.growvigorouslyD.beefficient15. Spendingonpublicworkswasslashedby8.1percentto$56billioninthedraftbudgetfromfiscalyear2012.（八）A.cutB.dividedC.increasedD.estimated二、将下列英语单词或词组译成中文(本大题共1。小题，每小题1分，共10分)16. hardcurrency硬通货17. workers'remittance工人侨汇18. leverage举债经营19. profit-remittance利润汇款20. meansofproduction生产资料21. futures期货交易22. domesticagent国内代理23. auction拍卖24. bankguarantee银行担保25. franchise特许专营权三、将下列汉语词组译成英文(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)26. 对等贸易COUnlertrade27. 商会chamberofcommerce28. 贸易逆差TradedefiCil29. 关税税率Iariff30. 欧洲经济共同体EuropeanEconomicCommunity31. 无形贸易收支invisibleaccount32. 易货贸易barter33. 转让人licenser34. 零售商retailer35. 行政部门CiViISerViCe四、简答题(本大题共6小题，每小题3分，共18分)Passage1Thetroubleis,manycountriesstillthinkofopeningtheirmarketstomoreimportsasaconcessiontobemadereluctantly,not(aseconomistsseeit)assomethingthatisgoodfortheminitsownright.EvenAmericaandtheEuropeanUnion,whichhaveledthepushforopenmarkets,stillshelterpartsoftheireconomiesforfearofhurtingworkersincoddledindustries.Globalizationhasarousedworriesinmanyrichcountriesthatfreetradewithmuchpoorercountriesthreatensjobsandprosperity.Thiswasplaininlastyear'sdebateintheUnitedStatesandMexico,wasviewedbymanyAmericansastheirlossandMexico'sgain.Theideathattradeisdesirableonlyifithappensamongcountrieswithsimilarwagesdieshard.36. Whatdoeconomiststhinkofopeningmarketstomoreimports?Somethingthatisgoodforthecountriesinitsownright.37. WhydoAmericaandtheEuropeanUnionstillshelterpartsoftheireconomies?ForfearOfhurtingworkersincoddledindustries.38. HowdidmanyAmericansviewlastyear'sdebateintheUnitedStatesandMexico?America'slossandMexico'sgain.Passage2Once,whenJapanfacedpressurefromabroad,itwouldeithergiveinreluctantlyorkeepquietandhopethatthefusswoulddiedown.Nolonger,itseems.TheClintonadministrationstronglybelievesinexertingsuchpressure.ItspolicyistoopensomeJapanesemarketsbysettingimporttargets-anapproachtotradepolicythatsupporterscall"results-oriented"Thisuglytermforeshadowsuncertainconsequences.FarfromcapitulatingtothisnewthrustofAmericantradepolicy,JapanistakingastandthatcouldleadtoaIrans-Paciflcconfrontation.39.What'sthemeaningof"thatthefusswoulddiedown"?theproblemwouldbeover.40. Whatisthemeaningof"approach"?theway41. Whatisthemeaningof"consequences"?theresults五、正误判断题。如果正确，请写“T”，如果错误，请写“F”（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）Passage1Astheworld'slargesttradingnation,itslargestexporterandsecondlargestimporter,Chinawieldsextensiveinfluenceonglobaltradeandtheworldeconomy.China'sadvantagesofcourselienotonlyinthestableforeigntradepolicydecidedbytherecentlyheldCentralEconomicWorkConference,butalsoinIhestrengthandresilienceofabroad-basedandfast-growingeconomy.Thecountry'sprimaryadvantagecomesfromitsstablemacro-economy.TheChineseeconomyhasgenerallyrealizedasoftlandingfollowingaperiodofextremelyrapideconomicgrowth.WhileChinadidconfrontsevereinflationarypressuresin2011,aswellasabriefdropinthevalueoftherenminbiexchangerate,China'snancialstatusisthemoststableoftheworld'smajoreconomiesandleadingemergingmarkets.WhileChinastillfacesrisksrelatedtolocalfinancingplatfbnsandpotentialnon-perfningloansinthebankingsector,theoverallassetsstatusoftheChinesebankingsystemisstillsound,andChina-srateofinflationremainslower（hanIndia'sandthoseofotherhotemergingmarketsbyseveralpercentagepoints.Althoughpressureforrenminbidepreciationcontinuestoaccumulate,theyuanisstillstablecomparedwithmostemergingmarketcurrencies,manyofwhicharenownearingcurrencycrisislevels.AmongthelargestemergingeconomiesBRICS-inthefirstninemonthsof2011,onlyChina'syuanappreciatedbymorethan3percentintheinter-bankforeignexchangemarket.IntheotherfourBRICScountries,theRussianrubledepreciatedby4.06percent,theBrazilianreallost8.01percentofitsvalue,whiletheIndianrupeeandSouthAfricanranddevaluedby8.5percentand15.7percent,respectively.42. China'sadvantagesmainlylieinthestableforeigntradepolicy.F43. Chinaconfrontedsevereinflationarypressuresin2011,whichendangeredChina'sfinancialstatus.F44.Comparedwithmostemergingmarketcurrencies,China'syuanisstillstable.T45. Inthefirstninemonthsof2011.alltheemergingmarketcurrenciesarenownearingcurrencycrisislevels.F46. RussianrubledepreciatedtheleastamongthelargestemergingeconomiesBRIGScountries.FPassage2China'sGDPwillmaintainagrowthrateofabout8.9percentin2012,saidtheannualeconomicbluebookreleasedbytheChineseAcademyofSocialSciences（CASS）onDecember7.Thoughthegrowthspeedislowerthanin2011,itisstillarelativelyhighrate.ChenJiagui,DirectoroftheCASSEconomicDepartment,saidtheChineseeconomyisstablewithappropriateupsanddowns.Agrowthrateof8-9percentisidealtocreateagoodmacroeconomicenvironmentfordeepeningtherefbn,controllinginflation,adjustingtheeconomicstructureandtransformingtheeconomicgrowthpattern.TheChineseeconomyhassloweddowninthelasttwoyears,arousingworriesfromhomeandabroadabout5heChineseeconomy'sexpectedhardlanding.SuchworriesareobviouslyUnneCeSSaryandtheChineseeconomywillcontinuetomakecontributionstotheworldeconomicrecovery.Accordingtothebluebk,comparedwith2011,theChineseeconomywillfacenewchallengesnextyear.Chinamainlyfacedpressurefromrapidinflationin2011,causingthetaskofcurbinginflationtotopthelistofgovernmentprioritiesformacro-controls.Butin2012whentheeconomicgrowthwilllikelyslow,Chinaneedstobothstabilizetheeconomicgrowthspeedandfurthercurbinflationandstrengthenmacro-controlefforts.Chensaidthankstotheeffortsin2011,therapidlygrowingpriceshavebeencurbedtosomeextent,butthemainfactorscausingrapidpriceriseshaveremainedunchanged.Today,pricesinChinaareaffectedbytherelationshipbetweensupplyanddemand,aswellastherisingcosts.Ofthetotal,theproducerpriceindex（PPI）ismainlyinfluencedbytherelationshipbetweensupplyanddemand,while（heconsumerpriceindex（CPI）isinfluencedbytherisingcosts.47. China'sGDPwillmaintainagrowthrateof8.9percentin2012,whichishigherthanin2011.F48. TheChineseeconomyhassloweddowninthelastfewyears,whichisbadforthemacroeconomicenvironment.F49. Chinawillfacepressurefromrapidinflationin2012andwillstabilizetheeconomicgrowthspeed.F50.PricesinChinaarenolongeraffectedbytherelationshipbetweensupplyanddemand,aswellastherisingcosts.F51. ThePPIisinfluencedbytherelationshipbetweensupplyanddemand,whiletheCPIisinfluencedbytherisingcosts.T六、翻译题（本大题共12分）52. 2011,dubbed（被称为）（he"yearofglobalindignation,"revealed（hreemajorsocialproblemsofthecurrentworld.First,thefinancialcrisishascausedrisingincomedisparities.Livingstandardsofthemiddleclasswereseverelyimpactedastheirwealthshrankbyawidemargin.Second,rapidlydevelopinginformationtechnologyandglobalizationhavebroughtpeopletogether.Withthehelpofnewmediaandnon-stateactors,turmoilinonecountrycaneasilyspreadtoothercountries.Third,theunbalancedpopulationandemploymentstructurehaveaggravatedsocialtensions.Thelong-tenunemploymentofyoungpeoplehasmade"youngmalcontents（不满现状者）"acommonproblemofthewholeworld.译文要求忠实原文，语言流畅，达意，涵豌主要信息点。评分时整体给分和采点给分相结合。信息点给分如下：2011年被称为“全球愤怒的一年"，（1分）主要反映了当前全球的三大社会问题。（1分）首先，金融危机导致收入差异增大。（1分）中等阶层的生活水平因为财富的大量缩水而受到严重影响。（1分）第二，高速增长的信息科技和全球化使得人们联系更紧密。（2分）新媒体和无国别的演员们使得一个国家的动乱能够轻易传播到另一国家。（2分）第三，人口和就业结构的不平衡分布加重了社会矛盾。（2分）年轻人的长期失业使得他们成为“年轻的心怀不满者”，（1分）这成为全球的一个通病。（1分）