美国名人 黑人作家 兰斯顿·休斯.docx

美国名人黑人作家兰斯顿休斯1.angstonHughes:anAmericanWriterplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-14:51repeatByCynthiaKirk2005-4-9(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mMaryTillotson.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogram,PEOPLEINAMERICA.Today,wetellaboutwriterLangstonHughes,whohasbeencalledthepoetvoiceofAfricanAmericans.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:1.angstonHughesisusuallythoughtofasapoet.Buthealsowrotenovels,plays,shortstories,essays,autobiographies,newspapercolumns,children'sbooks,andthewordstooperas.HealsotranslatedintoEnglishtheworksofforeignpoets.Hugheswasoneofthefirstblackwriterswhocouldsupporthimselfbyhiswritings.Heispraisedforhisabilitytosaywhatwasimportanttomillionsofblackpeople.Hughesproducedahugeamountofworkduringhislifetime.Healsohasinfluencedtheworkofmanyotherwriters.Hewroteforalmostfiftyyears.VOICETWO:1.angstonHugheswasfamousforhisdescriptionsofblackAmericanlife.Heusedhisworktopraisehispeopleandvoicehisconcernsaboutraceandsocialinjustice.Hisworkisknownallaroundtheworldandhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.Hughes'spoetryhadseriousmessages.Heoftenwroteaboutracialissues,describinghispeopleinarealisticway.Althoughhisstorywasnotoftenpleasant,hetolditwithunderstandingandwithhope.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:1.angstonHugheswasborninJoplin,Missouri,inNineteen-Oh-Two.Hisparentswereseparated.HespentmostofhischildhoodwithhisgrandmotherinLawrence,Kansas.Shetoldhimstoriesabouttheirfamilyandtheirfighttoendslavery.Herstorytellingfilledhimwithprideinhimselfandhisrace.Hefirstbegantowritepoetrywhenhewaslivingwithher.Whenhewasfourteen,hemovedtoCleveland,Ohio,tostaywithhismotherandhernewhusband.HeattendedCentralHighSchoolinCleveland,Ohio.LangstonwasnamedClassPoetoneyear.Hepublishedhisfirstshortstorieswhilehewasstillinhighschool.VOICETWO:1.angstonHughesstruggledwithafeelingoflonelinesscausedbyhisparent'sdivorce.Hedevelopedaloveofreadingbooksasawaytodealwiththelackoftimehisparentsspentwithhim.Hisloveforreadinggrewintoadesiretowrite.Hewantedtoreproducethepowerfuleffectotherwritershadmadeuponhim.AmongtheearlyinfluencesonhiswritingwerepoetsWaltWhitman,CarlSandburgandPaulLawrenceDunbar.AftergraduatingfromhighschoolinNineteen-Twenty,LangstonmovedtoMexicoCitytolivewithhisfatherforoneyear.HisfatherhadmovedtheretoescaperacisminAmerica.Hisfatherdidnotoffermuchwarmthtohisson.Yet,Langstonturnedthepaincausedbyhisfamilyproblemsintooneofhismostfamouspoems,"TheNegroSpeaksofRivers."Inthispoem,hespeaksofthestrengthandprideofblackpeopleinancientAfricancivilizationsandinAmerica.(READING)VOICEONE:1.angstonHugheslearnedalotaboutrace,andaboutsocialandeconomicconditionswhilehewasinMexico.HisabilitytospeakSpanishandhisbrownskinoftenmadeiteasyforhimtoappeartobeanative.Manyofhisworks,includingaplayforchildren,dealwithhisdaysinMexico.DuringthetimehestayedwithhisfatherinMexico,Langstonwrotemanypoemsbecausehewasalwaysunhappy.Heoncesaidthatheusuallycreatedhisbestworkwhenhewasreallynothappy.1.angstonhadatroubledrelationshipwithhisfatherfromwhichheneverrecoveredfully.Hisfatherdidnotthinkhecouldearnalivingasawriter.Hismother;however;recognizedhisneedtobeapoet.VOICETWO:1.angston'sfatheragreedtopayforhiscollegeeducationatColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCity,ifhestudiedengineering.LangstonarrivedinNewYorkwhenhewasnineteenyearsold.AttheendofthatfirstyearatColumbia,heleftschool,brokewithhisfather;andbegantraveling.Travelingwasalifelonglovethatwouldtakehimthroughouttheworldbeforehedied.InNineteen-Twenty-Two,HughestookajobonashipandsailedtoAfrica.HewouldlatersailtoFrance,Russia,SpainandItaly.Hewrotepoemsandshortstoriesduringhistravels.Hisexperienceswhiletravelinggreatlyinfluencedhiswork.Hesentafewofhiswritingsbackhome.Theywerepublished,whichhelpedestablishhimasaprofessionalwriter.FinancialproblemsendedHughes'stravels.HetriedtofindworkonashipsohecouldreturntotheUnitedStates.ButinItaly,hehadproblemsfindingworkonashipbecausehewasblack.Inthepoem,"lzToo",henotedthattheAmericancolorlineevenreachedallthewayoverthere.(READING)VOICEONE:InNineteen-Twenty-FouGLangstonHughesreturnedtotheUnitedStatestolivewithhismotherinWashington,D.C.ThepoetVachelLindsayateinahotelwhereHugheswasworking.HughesputsomepoemshehadwrittennexttoLindsay'sdinnerplate.Lindsaygaveapoetryreadinglaterthatnight.HereadsomeofHughes'spoetryztoo.NewspapersacrossthecountrywroteaboutLindsay'spoetryreading.Hughesbecameknownasanewblackpoet.Ayearlater,HughesreturnedtoNewYork.Throughtheyearshelivedinmanyplaces,butalwayscamebacktoNewYork'sHarlemarea.HarlemwasthecenterofblacklifeinNewYorkCity.Hughes'screativitywasinfluencedbyhislifeinHarlem.VOICETWO:1.angstonHughesreturnedtoNewYorkduringaperiodcalledtheHarlemRenaissance.IttookplaceduringtheNineteen-TwentiesandThirties.TheHarlemRenaissancewasaperiodofgreatartisticcreativityamongblackpeople.Forthefirsttime,blackartisticexpressionwasbeingwidelyrecognized.Hughesbecamefriendswithothergreatblackwritersofthetime,suchasClaudeMcKay,CounteeCullenandZoraNealHurston.TheyhopedthatgreatartcouldchangetheracistideasinAmericaaboutAfricanAmericans.HugheswasconsideredoneoftheleadingvoicesoftheHarlemRenaissance.Hewasthefirstpoettousetherhythmsofblackmusic.Heoftenwroteabouttheeverydayexperiencesofblackworkingpeople.Andhehelpedbringthemovementofjazzandthesoundofblackspeechintopoetry.VOICEONE:1.angstonHughesexperimentedwithhiswriting.OtherHarlemRenaissancewriterswrotetraditionalpoemslikethoseofEnglishclassicpoets,suchasWilliamShakespeare.Hughesbrokefreewithhiswritingandhelpedchangeliteratureforever.HughesbecamefirmlyestablishedasasuccessfulwriterinNineteen-Twenty-Sixwiththepublicationofacollectionofjazzpoemscalled"TheWearyBlues,"HugheswrotethepoemsinaplaceinHarlemwherebluesmusicwasplayed.Helovedtowritewhilesittinginclubslisteningtobluesandjazz.Thetitlepoemz"TheWearyBlues,"waswrittentobeplayedwithmusicalinstruments.ThepoemperfectlyexpressedthedesireofLangstonHughestocombineblackmusicandspeechinhispoetry.VOICETHREE:"IgottheWearyBluesandIcan'tbesatisfied.GottheWearyBluesandcan'tbesatisfied.Iain'thappynomo,andIwishthatIhaddied.""Andfarintothenighthecroonedthattune.Thestarswentoutandsodidthemoon.Thesingerstoppedplayingandwenttobed-whiletheWearyBluesechoedthroughhishead.Hesleptlikearockoramanthat'sdead."VOICETWO:Poemsin"TheWearyBlues"arewarmandfullofcolor.Theyhaveasenseoffreedom,likethatofjazzmusic.LangstonHugheswasexcitedaboutthenewformofpoetryhehaddiscoveredforhimself.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyCynthiaKirk.ItwasproducedbyCatyWeaver.ThepoetrywasreadbyLangstonHughesandShepO'Neal.mMaryTillotson.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmber.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPEOPLEINAMERICAprogramonVOAwhenwefinishthestoryofthelifeofLangstonHughes.(MUSIC)