美国名人 罗伯特·弗罗斯特（2）.docx

美国名人罗伯特弗罗斯特(2)RobertFrost,Pt.Twoplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-14:47repeatByRichardThorman2004-2-7(THEME)VOICEONE:mRichKleinfeldt.VOICETWO:AndmShirleyGriffithwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogram,PeopleinAmerica.TodaywefinishthestoryofRobertFrostandhispoetry.(THEME)VOICEONE:WhenRobertFrostlefttheUnitedStatesinnineteen-twelvehewasanunknownwriter.WhenhereturnedfromBritainthreeyearslaterhewasonhiswaytobecomingoneofAmerica'smosthonoredwriters.Publisherswhohadrejectedhisbooksnowcompetedagainsteachothertopublishthem.UnlikemanypoetsofhistimeFrostwroteintraditionalforms.Hesaidthatnotusingthemwaslikeplayingagamethathadnorules.Hejoinedtherulesoftheformwiththenaturalnessofcommonspeech.Otherpoetsbeforehimhadtriedtodothis,butnonewithFrost'sskill.VOICETWO:ThecommonspeechFrostusedhadthewordsandwayofspeakingthatcouldbeeasilyseenasAmerican.Forexample,apoemcalled"TheDeathoftheHiredMan"begins:NARRATOR:Marysatmusingonthelamp-flameatthetableWaitingforWarren.Whensheheardhisstep,Sheranontip-toedownthedarkenedpassageTomeethiminthedoorwaywiththenewsAndputhimonhisguard.'Silasisback.,FrostistellingastoryaboutanoldfarmworkernamedSilas.ThediscussionbetweenWarrenandMarycontinues:NARRATOR:ShepushedhimoutwardwithherthroughthedoorAndshutitafterher.'Bekind,'shesaid.ShetookthemarketthingsfromWarren'sarmsAndsetthemontheporchzthendrewhimdownTositbesideheronthewoodensteps.VOICETWO:Warrensays:NARRATOR:'WhenwasIeveranythingbutkindtohim.Butllnothavethefellowback/hesaid.'Itoldhimsolasthaying,didn'tI?Ifheleftthen,Isaid,thatendedit.,VOICETWO:AndMarysays:NARRATOR:'He'swornout.He'sasleepbesidethestove.WhenIcameupfromRowe,sIfoundhimhere,Huddledagainstthebarn-doorfastasleep.VOICEONE:ThroughthediscussionbetweenWarrenandMarythereaderdiscoversmoreandmoreaboutSilas.Insomewaysheisagoodworker,butheusuallydisappearswhenheismostneeded.Hedoesnotearnmuchmoney.Hehashisownideasaboutthewayfarmworkshouldbedone.Andhehashisownideasabouthimself.InsteadOfaskingforhelpfromhisrichbrother,SilashascometoWarrenandMary.Shesays:NARRATOR:.Hehascomehometodie:Youneedn'tbeafraidhe'llleaveyouthistime.,'Home/Hemockedgently.VOICEONE:Sheanswers:NARRATOR:,Yeszwhatelsebuthome?,Homeistheplacewhere,whenyougothere,Theyhavetotakeyouin.,VOICEONE:WithouteverhavingSilasspeakzFrosthasmadethereaderknowthistiredoldman,whohascometodieintheonlyhomehehas.InthefinallinesofthepoemthestoryofSilasiscompleted.Marysays:NARRATOR:'Imadethebedupforhimtheretonight.You'llbesurprisedathim-howmuchhe,sbroken.Hisworkingdaysaredone;msureofit.Go,look,seeforyourself.Warrenreturned-toosoon,itseemedtoher,Slippedtoherside,caughtupherhandandwaited.'Warren?'shequestioned.'Dead/wasallheanswered.VOICEONE:ThepoemtellsoftheunderstandingthatMaryandWarrenhaveforamanwhohasworkedforthemformanyyears.ThepoemalsopresentsasadnessthatFrostrepeatsmanytimes.VOICETWO:FrostwaslikeanearlierNewEnglandwriterandthinker,RalphWaldoEmerson.Theyneverweregoodatjoiningothersinprogramsormovements.Frostwaspoliticallyconservativeandavoidedmovementsoftheleftorright.Hedidthisnotbecausehedidnotsupporttheirbeliefs,butbecausetheyweregroupprojects.Inthepoem"MendingWall"thespeakerandhisneighborwalktogetheralongawall,repairingthedamagecausedbywinterweather:NARRATOR:Somethingthereisthatdoesn'tloveawall,Thatsendsthefrozen-ground-swellunderit,Andspillstheupperbouldersinthesun;Andmakesgapseventwocanpassabreast.Noonehasseenthemmadeorheardthemmade,Butatspringmendingtimewefindthemthere.Iletmyneighborknowbeyondthehill;AndonadaywemeetandwalkthelineAndsetthewallbetweenusonceagain.Wekeepthewallbetweenusaswego.VOICETWO:Thespeakerquestionshisneighborwhosaysz"Goodfencesmakegoodneighbors."Thespeakersays:NARRATOR:BeforeIbuiltawalldasktoknowWhatIwaswallinginorwallingoutzAndtowhomIwasliketogiveoffense.VOICEONE:Frosfslaterpoetryshowslittlechangeordevelopmentfromhisearlierwriting.Itconfirmswhathehadestablishedinsuchearlybooksas7NorthofBoston.?Forexample,apoemcalled"Birches,"writteninnineteen-sixteenbegins:NARRATOR:WhenIseebirchesbendtoleftandrightAcrossthelinesofstraighterdarkertrees,Iliketothinksomeboy'sbeenswingingthem.Butswingingdoesn'tbendthemdowntostayAsicestormsdo.VOICEONE:Anditends:NARRATOR:dliketogobyclimbingabirchtree,Andclimbblackbranchesupasnow-whitetrunkTowardheaven,tillthetreecouldbearnomore,Butdippeditstopandsetmedownagain.Thatwouldbegoodbothgoingandcomingback.Onecoulddoworsethanbeaswingerofbirches.VOICETWO:Inthenaturepoemsthereisoftenacomparisonbetweenwhatthepoetseesandwhathefeels.ItiswhatFrostinonepoemcallsthedifferencebetween"outerandinnerweather."Underthecommonspeechofthepersonsayingthepoemisadarkpictureoftheworld.In"TheRoadNotTaken"hesays:NARRATOR:TworoadsdivergedinayellowwoodzAndsorryIcouldnottravelbothAndbeonetraveler,longIstoodAndlookeddownoneasfarasIcouldTowhereitbentintheundergrowth;Thentooktheother,asjustasfair,Andhavingperhapsthebetterclaim,Becauseitwasgrassyandwantedwear;ThoughasforthatthepassingthereHadwornthemreallyaboutthesame,AndboththatmorningequallylayInleavesnostephadtroddenblack.OhzIkeptthefirstforanotherday!Yetknowinghowwayleadsontoway,IdoubtedifIshouldevercomeback.IshallbetellingthiswithasighSomewhereagesandageshence:Tworoadsdivergedinawood,andIItooktheonelesstraveledbyzAndthathasmadeallthedifference.VOICEONE:AmongFrost'snaturepoems,therearemoreaboutwinterthanaboutanyotherseason.Eventhepoemsaboutspring,autumn,orsummerrememberwinter.Theyarenotpoemsabouthappinessfoundinnature.Theyaremomentsofresistancetotimeanditschanges.Andeventhepoemsthattellstoriesaremainlypicturesofpeoplewhoarealone.FrostsharedwithEmersontheideathateverybodywasaseparateindividual,andthatgroupsweakenedindividuals.ButwhereEmersonandthosewhofollowedhimlookedatGodandsawacreator,Frostsawwhathesaysis"noexpression,nothingtoexpress."Frostseestheworldasa"desertplace."Inapoemcalled"DesertPlaces,"hesays:NARRATOR:Snowfallingandnightfallingfast,ohzfastInafieldIlookedintogoingpastzAndthegroundalmostcoveredsmoothinsnow,Butafewweedsandstubbleshowinglast.Thewoodsaroundithaveit-itistheirs.Allanimalsaresmotheredintheirlairs.Iamtooabsent-spiritedtocount;Thelonelinessincludesmeunawares.AndlonelyasitisthatlonelinessWillbemorelonelyereitwillbelessAblankerwhitenessofbenightedsnowWithnoexpression,nothingtoexpress.TheycannotscaremewiththeiremptyspacesBetweenstars-onstarswherenohumanraceis.IhaveitinmesomuchnearerhomeToscaremyselfwithmyowndesertplaces.VOICETWO:Frostreceivedalmosteveryhonorawritercouldreceive.HewonthePulitzerPrizeforliteraturefourtimes.Innineteen-si×tyzCongressvotedFrostagoldmedalforwhathehadgiventothecultureoftheUnitedStates.Inthelastyearsofhislife,Frostwasnolongerproducinggreatpoetry,butherepresentedthevalueofpoetryinhumanlife.Heoftentaught,andhegavetalks.Usuallyhewouldbeaskedtoreadhisbestknownpoem,"StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEvening:"NARRATOR:WhosewoodstheseareIthinkIknowHishouseisinthevillagethough;HewillnotseemestoppinghereTowatchhiswoodsfillupwithsnow.MylittlehorsemustthinkitqueerTostopwithoutafarmhousenearBetweenthewoodsandfrozenlakeThedarkesteveningoftheyear.HegiveshisharnessbellsashakeToaskifthereissomemistake.Theonlyothersound'sthesweepOfeasywindanddownyflake.Thewoodsarelovely,darkanddeep.ButIhavepromisestokeep,AndmilestogobeforeIsleepzAndmilestogobeforeIsleep.VOICEONE:RobertFrostdiedinnineteen-si×ty-three.Hehadlivedforalmostone-hundredyears,andhadcoveredmanymilesbeforeheslept,manymilesbeforeheslept.(THEME)VOICETWO:ThisVOASpecialEnglishprogram,PeopleinAmerica,waswrittenbyRichardThormanandproducedbyLawanDavis.RobertFrost'spoetrywasreadbyShepO'Neal.YournarratorswereRichKleinfeldtandShirleyGriffith.