美国名人 水牛比尔·科迪.docx

美国名人水牛比尔科迪BuffaloBillCodyplaystopmutemaxvolume00:0014:46repeatByGeorgeGrow2004-5-1(THEME)VOICEONE:mGwenOuten.VOICETWO:AndmDougJohnsonwithPEOPLEINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.Today,wetellthestoryofamancalled"BuffaloBill."HisrealnamewasWilliamF.Cody.Hecreated"WildWest"showsthatpeoplearoundtheworldenjoyedformorethanthirtyyears.(THEME)VOICEONE:WilliamFrederickCodywasbornineighteen-forty-sixinthestateofIowa.HediedinColoradoinnineteen-seventeen.Researchersdisagreeaboutotherincidentsinhislife.Thatisbecausesomestoriesabout"BuffaloBill"areacombinationoffactualeventsandmake-believe.However,thereisgeneralagreementabouttheinfluenceof"BuffaloBill"Cody.PeoplesayherepresentedthespiritandtraditionoftheAmericanWest.VOICETWO:WilliamF.CodygrewupinthecenteroftheUnitedStates.William'sfamilymovedfromIowatotheterritoryofKansaswhenhewasstillachild.Hisfatherdiedineighteen-fifty-seven.AshorttimeIaterzWilliamstartedworkingatdifferentjobstohelphisfamily.Heworkedasadriverforateamofoxen.Heguidedthepowerfulanimalsastheymovedgoodsfromplacetoplace.Healsocarriedmessagesforalocalcompany.1.ater,WilliamjoinedagroupofmenseekinggoldinthemountainsofColorado.Theywerenotverysuccessful.ThenhegotajobasaPonyExpressrider.ThePonyExpressusedteamsofmenandhorsestotransportmailacrossthecountry.Williamwasaskilledrider.Onceherodefive-hundred-fifteenkilometersinasingletrip.ThiswasoneofthelongestridesforthePonyExpress.Atthetime,hewasjustfifteenyearsold.(MUSICBRIDGE)VOICEONE:Kansasbecameastateineighteen-sixty-one.Afewweekslater,theCivilWarbetweenthestatesstarted.Southernstatesfoughttoprotecttherightsofindividualstates.Northernstatesfoughttokeepthecountryunited.Duringthewar,KansasjoinedwiththeNorthandprovidedmenfortheUnionarmy.WilliamwastooyoungtofightwhentheCivilWarstarted.Atfirst,heservedtheUnionforcesasascout,orexplorer.Ineighteen-sixty-fourzhejoinedtheUnitedStatesArmy.CodybecameamemberoftheSeventhKansasCavalry.HisforcewassenttonearbysouthernstatesduringtheCivilWar.Codydroveateamofhorses.Heremainedthereuntilthewarended.VOICETWO:Afterthewar,WilliamCodymarriedLouisaFredericiinSaintLouiszMissouri.Theyweremarriedformorethanfiftyyearsandhadfourchildren.Whentheywerefirstmarried,Codyhadmanydifferentjobs.Forexample,heoperatedahotelinKansas.ThenhebeganhuntingbuffaloforworkcrewsbuildingtheKansasPacificRailroad.Theworkersusedthewildanimalsformeat.Codygotthename"BuffaloBill"bywinningabuffalohuntingcompetition.Reportssayheshotandkilledmorethanfour-thousandbuffaloinjusteighteenmonths.(MUSICBRIDGE)VOICEONE:Codyre-joinedtheArmyineighteen-sixty-eight.HeservedasacivilianscoutformilitaryforcesfightingIndiansintheWest.HisexperienceandskillsmadehimanablefighterandguidefortheArmy.CodyhelpedtheFifthCavalrydefeatagroupofCheyennewarriors.Healsoservedasaguideforindividualswhowantedtohuntbuffalo.SomehunterscamefrombigcitiesintheeasternUnitedStatesandfromothercountries.OnceheguidedamemberofRussia'srulingfamily,theGrandDukeAlexiszonahuntingtrip.Americannewspapersreportedontheiractivities.VOICETWO:Cody'sexcitinglifeprovidedthedetailsformanystories.AnumberofwritersbeganproducingstoriesaboutfamouspeopleofthewesternUnitedStates.Thesestoriesbecameknownasdimenovels.DimenovelshelpedmakeheroesofpeoplelikeDavyCrockettandKitCarson.AwriternamedNedBuntlinedecidedtowriteabookaboutBuffaloBill.Buntline'sbookandnewspaperreportshelpedmakeCodyfamous.Thebookbecamepopularandwaslatermadeintoaplaycalled"ScoutsofthePrairie."BuffaloBillevenappearedintheshow.CriticssaidCodywasabadactor,buttheshowwasverysuccessful.TheplayledCodytoformhisowntravelingshow.ThegroupincludedanotherherooftheAmericanWest,WildBillHickok.VOICEONE:Duringthisperiod,CodyoftenreturnedtotheWesttofindotherwork.HeassistedtheArmyinitsoperationsagainstIndiantribes.Ineighteen-seventy-sixzIndianwarriorsdefeatedGeneralGeorgeCusterandhisforcesintheBattleofLittleBigHorninMontana.AfewweeksIaterzCodyandothersoldiersclashedwithagroupofCheyenneIndians.Duringthefighting,CodyreportedlykilledaCheyennewarriornamedYellowHair.ThiseventaddedyetanotherincidenttoBuffaloBill'scollectionofstories.CodylikedtheideaofbeingashowmanandtellingpeopleabouttheAmericanWest.Ineighteen-seventy-ninezhewrotehisownlifestoryandbeganpublishinghisowndimenovels.Healsocontinuedtoproduceplays.(MUSICBRIDGE)VOICETWO:CodyorganizedhisfirstWildWestshowineighteen-eighty-twointhestateofNebraska.Theshowwasperformedoutside.Itwasdesignedtoentertainandeducatecrowdsofpeople.Therewerecowboys,Indians,buffaloandotherkindsofanimals.Peoplewerenotsureexactlywhattheshowwas,buttheylikedit.Thefollowingyear,Codyandhisbusinesspartnersformedatravelingshowcalled"BuffaloBill'sWildWest."ItbroughtcowboysandIndianstopeopleinpartsoftheUnitedStateswhomightneverhaveseenthem.Theshowwasamajorsuccessforthenextthirtyyears.Peoplelikeditformanyreasons.Onewasadesiretoreturntoearlier,simplertimes.TheAmericanWestofthedimenovelswasfastdisappearing.Theareawasstartingtodevelop.VOICEONE:"BuffaloBill'sWildWest"showincludedcowboyshuntingbuffalo.IthadridersforthePonyExpress.Itre-createdanIndianattackonacarriagetransportinggoods.Theshowalsore-createdtheattackagainstGeneralCusterandhisforces.ItincludedIndianswhowereinvolvedintherealattack.ItalsoincludedthefamousSiouxchiefSittingBull,whohadkilledGeneralCuster.SittingBulltraveledwithBuffaloBill'sWildWestshowforseveralmonths.Inlateryears,acowgirlnamedAnnieOakleyperformedwiththeshow.Shewasoneofthebestgunshootersinthecountry.AnnieOakleycouldrideahorsestandingupwhileshootingatatarget.Shecouldshootapieceofmoneyoutofsomeone'shand.OncezshebecamefamousforshootingacigaretteheldinthemouthofGermanCrownPrinceWilhelm."BuffaloBill'sWildWest"performedincitiesandtownsacrosstheUnitedStatesandinEurope.Ineighteen-eighty-sevenztheshowperformedinEnglandinhonorofQueenVictoria'sfiftiethanniversaryinpower.Sixyearslater,theshowwaspopularattheWorld'sFairinChicago,Illinois.VOICETWO:BuffaloBillCodywassaidtobethemostfamousAmericanintheworldbythebeginningofthetwentiethcentury.AmericanpresidentsmetwithhimtodiscussissuesimportanttotheWest.Hehadmanymodernideas.Forexample,hesupportedfairtreatmentforAmericanIndians.Andhesupportedequalpayandequalvotingrightsforwomen.Hewasalsoabusinessmanwholookedtowardthefuture.HeinvestedinprojectsthathehopedwouldbringeconomicgrowthtotheWest.Codymadealotofmoneyfromhisshowbusinesssuccess.Howeverzhelosthiswealthbecauseofbadinvestmentsandfailuretowatchhowthemoneywasused.Innineteen-oh-eight,"BuffaloBill'sWildWest"combinedwithanothertravelingshow.Butthisshowfailed.AshorttimeIaterzCodygotaloanfromaColoradocompanytokeephisshowoperating.Buthisfinancialsituationgotworseoverthenextfewyears.VOICEONE:BuffaloBillCodydiedinnineteen-seventeenwhilevisitinghissisterinDenver,Colorado.Hewasburiednearthecity,atthetopofLookoutMountain.Hisfuneralwasamajorevent.Twenty-thousandpeopletraveledtheretoattendtheceremony.Today,thousandsofpeoplevisitLookoutMountaineveryyear.TheyseeCody'sburialplaceandamuseumbuiltinhishonor.AndztheyhearstoriesaboutpeoplewhoexperiencedtheexcitementofBuffaloBill'sWildWestshow.(THEME)VOICETWO:ThisprogramwaswrittenbyGeorgeGrow.LawanDaviswasourproducer.mDougJohnson.VOICEONE:AndmGwenOuten.JoinusagainnextweekforPEOPLEINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.