美国名人 女作家 朱莉亚瓦德霍耶.docx

美国名人女作家朱莉亚瓦德霍耶JuliaWardHoweplaystopmutemaxvolume13:33-01:12repeatByShelleyGollust2005-2-26(THEME)VOICEONE:mRayFreeman.VOICETWO:AndmShirleyGriffithwiththeSpecialEnglishprogram,PEOPLEINAMERICA.EveryweekwetellaboutapersonimportantinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.Today,wetellaboutJuliaWardHowe.ShewroteoneofthegreatsongsoftheAmericanCivilWar,the"BattleHymnoftheRepublic."(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Marchingsoldiers.noendtothelinesofsoldiersmarchingacrosstheland.TheycamefromthenorthernstatesfightingtokeeptheUniontogether.AndtheycamefromthesouthernstatesfightingforaseparateConfederategovernmentthatwouldprotecttheirrighttohaveslaves.Insummerandwinter,thefightingcontinued.Thesunburnedlikefire.Thesoldiersmarchedon.Thecoldwinterwindsblewsnowintheirfaces.Thesoldiersmarchedon.TheUnitedStateswasanationcutintwobyabitterstruggleoverslaveryandastate'srighttoleavetheUnion.America'sCivilWarlastedfouryears.Itdestroyedtheland.Anditdestroyedtheyoungmenofthenation.VOICETWO:ManystorieshavebeentoldaboutthesoldiersoftheCivilWar.Theyhavetoldofthesoldiers'fearandterror.theirgreatandheroicacts.howtheysufferedanddied.andhowtheysangbeforeandafterbattle.Onesong,morethananyother,caughtthespiritoftheUnionsoldiersoftheNorth.Thesongisthe"BattleHymnoftheRepublic."Hereisthefirstpartofthesong,sungbyOdetta:(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Thewordsarereligious.Theyarelikeahymn,asongofpraisetoGod.Thisisthestoryofthewomanwhowrotethesong.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:TheplacewasWashington,D.C.Theyearwaseighteensixty-one.Itwasawetwinternight.Therewerethousandsofsoldiersinthecity.Thehospitalswerefull.ThefieldofbattlewasjustacrossthePotomacRiverinthesouthernstateofVirginia.Awomanlayasleepinherhotelroom.Shehadhadalong,hardday.ShehadcometoWashingtontovisittheUniontroops.Thesightandsoundsofthesoldiersgavehernorest.Eveninhersleepsheseemedtohearthem.Sheheardtheirsadvoicesastheysatbesidetheirfires.Sheheardthemsinging.Theysangamarchingsongsheknew.ItwasasongaboutJohnBrownzanactivistagainstslavery.Thesongtoldabouthowhisbodyturnedtoearthinthegrave.Ittoldabouthowhisspiritlivedon.VOICEONE:Thewoman'snamewasJuliaWardHowe.Shewasawriterandsocialreformer.ShewasborninNewYorkCityineighteennineteen.Herfatherwasawealthybanker.JuliamarriedSamuelGridleyHowe.Hewasareformerandteacheroftheblind.JuliaandSamuelHowemovedtoBoston.MissusHoweraisedfivechildren.Andshepublishedseveralbooksofpoetry.VOICETWO:JuliaWardHoweandSamuelGridleyHowewereleadersinthemovementinAmericatoendslavery.Theypublishedananti-slaverynewspapercalledthe"Commonwealth."MissusHowehadmetJohnBrown.Likehim,shewasananti-slaveryactivist.SheopposedthoseAmericanswhousedblackpeopleasslaves.Unlikehim,shedidnotapproveofusingviolencetoendslavery.Ineighteenfifty-nine,JohnBrowntriedtostartarevoltofslaves.HeledanattackonHarper'sFerry,atowninwhatwasthenthestateofVirginia.Editor'snote:ThatareadidnotbecomethestateofWestVirginiauntil1863.Thetownhadafactorythatmadegunsforthearmy.Italsohadastoragecenterformilitaryequipment.TheattackonHarper'sFerryfailed.JohnBrownwasputontrialfortreason.Hewasfoundguiltyandwasexecuted.VOICEONE:Inthenorthernstates,JohnBrownbecameahero.Hisstorywastoldthroughsong.Thesongwasmostpopularwithsoldiers.ItbecametheunofficialmarchingsongoftheUnionArmy.JuliaWardHowealsolikedtosingthesong.Shefeltthatthemusicwasbeautiful,butthewordsaboutJohnBrownwerenot.Soshedecidedtowritedifferentwordstothemusic.ThosewordscametoherthatnightasshelayinherhotelroominWashington.Shewasawakenedbyherdreamsofmarchingsoldiers.VOICETWO(WOMAN'SVOICE):"Ifoundtomysurprisethatthewordswereformingthemselvesinmyhead.Ilaystilluntilthelastlinehadcompleteditselfinmythoughts.ThenIquicklygotoutofbed.IthoughtIwouldforgetthewordsifIdidnotwritethemimmediately.Ilookedforapieceofpaperandapen.ThenIbegantowritethelinesofapoem:'MineeyeshaveseenthegloryofthecomingoftheLord.Heistramplingoutthevintagewherethegrapesofwratharestored,HehathloosedthefatefullightningofHisterribleswiftsword,Histruthismarchingon.,IwroteuntilIwasfinished.ThenIlaydownagainandfellasleep.Ifeltsomethingimportanthadhappenedtome."VOICEONE:AnAmericanmagazine,"TheAtlanticMonthly/'boughtMissusHowe,spoem.Shewaspaidfourdollars.Themagazinepublishedthepoemineighteensixty-two.Thepoembecameverypopular.Ithadjusttherightwordsforthegreatmarchingmusic.ThesoldiersoftheUnionArmybegantosingthewordsJuliaWardHowehadwritten.Itsoonbecametheirofficialmarchingsong-"TheBattleHymnoftheRepublic."VOICETWO:JuliaWardHowebecamefamous.ShewasinvitedtotheWhiteHousetomeetPresidentAbrahamLincoln.AfterdinnerattheWhiteHouse,thegueststalkedabouttheCivilWar.Theyweresad.TheUnionarmyhadsufferedmanydefeats.Thensomeonebegantosing"TheBattleHymnoftheRepublic."MissusHoweandPresidentLincolnjoinedinthesinging.ThereweretearsinthePresident'seyes.Hereisthelastpartofthesong,sungbytheMormonTabernacleChoir:(MUSIC)VOICEONE:AftertheNorthwontheCivilWarineighteensixty-five,JuliaWardHowebecameinvolvedinothersocialreformmovements.ShebecamealeaderinthemovementtogainequalrightsforAmericanwomen,includingtherighttovote.ShehelpedestablishtheNewEnglandWoman'sClubineighteensixty-eight.Thisorganizationworkedforequalrightsforwomenineducationandbusiness.Sheservedaspresidentofthegroupformorethanthirtyyears.VOICETWO:JuliaWardHowealsobecameinvolvedinthemovementforpeace.Ineighteenseventy,sheissuedan"AppealtoWomanhoodThroughouttheWorld."Thiswasacallforaninternationalconferenceofwomentosupportthepeacefulsettlementofconflicts.ThenextyearshehelpedorganizetheAmericangroupoftheWoman'sInternationalPeaceAssociation.Shebecamepresidentofthegroup.JuliaWardHowecontinuedtowritebooksandmakespeechesabouttheissuesshefeltwereimportant.Throughtheyears,thousandsofpeoplecametohearherrecitehermostfamouspoem.Shediedinnineteenten.Shewasninety-oneyearsold.VOICEONE:The"BattleHymnoftheRepublic"stillisoneofAmerica'sgreattraditionalsongs.Nooneknowsforsurewhowrotethemusic.Butthesongliveson.Andsodoesthenameofthewomanwhomadethemusicfamouswithherwords:JuliaWardHowe.(THEME)VOICETWO:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyShelleyGollust.ItwasproducedbyLawanDavis.mShirleyGriffith.VOICEONE:AndmRayFreeman.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPEOPLEINAMERICAprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.