美国名人 作曲家 、词作家 欧文·柏林.docx

美国名人作曲家、词作家欧文柏林IrvingBerlin,1888-1989:HeWroteSongsthatMadeAmericaSingplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:28repeatByShelleyGollust2006-12-23VOICEONE:mPhoebeZimmerman.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogramPeopleinAmerica.Today,wetellaboutIrvingBerlin.Hewrotethewordsandmusicforsomeofthemostpopularsongsofthetwentiethcentury.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:IrvingBerlinlivedtobeonehundredoneyearsold.Hediedinnineteeneighty-nine.Duringhislonglife,hewrotemorethanonethousandsongs.ManyofhissongshavebecometimelessadditionstoAmerica'spopularculture.IrvingBerlin'smusichelpedspreadthatpopularculturethroughouttheworld.BerlinwasborninRussia.Buthecapturedthefeeling,thepeopleandthecustomsofhisnewcountry.Andheputthoseideastomusic.Anothercomposer;JeromeKernzoncesaidofIrvingBerlin:"HehasnoplaceinAmericanmusic.HeisAmericanmusic."VOICETWO:MostAmericanchildrengrowuphearingandsingingsomeofIrvingBerlin'ssongs.TwoofthebestknownarelinkedtoChristianreligiousholidays.Theyare"WhiteChristmas"and"EasterParade."ManyAmericansthinktheperfectChristmasDayonDecembertwenty-fifthshouldbecoldandsnowy.IrvingBerlinthoughtso,too.Hewrote"WhiteChristmas"innineteenthirty?nine.Itwassunginthemovie"HolidayInn"innineteenforty-two."WhiteChristmas"becameoneofthebestsellingsongsofalltime.HereisBingCrosbysinginghisfamousversionof"WhiteChristmas."(MUSIC)VOICEONE:-IrvingBerlin'ssongfortheEasterholidaycapturesanotherAmericantradition,"EasterParade"isaboutatraditioninNewYorkCity.There,onEastermorning,peoplewalkupanddownFifthAvenueafterchurchservicestoenjoythespringweather.Womenwearnewhatsanddresses.Berlinwrotethesongforamusicalplayinnineteenthirty-three.Itwasthemainsonginthemusicalfilm"EasterParade"innineteenforty?eight.HereisJudyGarlandsinging"EasterParade."(MUSIC)VOICETWO:IrvingBerlinwasbornIsraelBalineineighteeneighty-eightintheRussianvillageofTemun.Hewastheyoungestofeightchildren.HisfamilywasJewish.TheyfledRussiabecauseofreligiousoppression.TheBalinefamilycametoAmericaineighteenninety-three.Theydidnothavemuchmoney.TheymovedintoanareaofNewYorkCitywheremanyotherpoorJewishimmigrantshadsettledwhentheymovedtotheUnitedStates.Israel'sfatherdiedwhentheboywaseightyearsold.Theyoungboylefthishometofindwork.First,hegotajobhelpingablindstreetsinger.ThenhebeganearningmoneybysingingonthestreetsofNewYork.Later;hegotajobsingingwhileservingpeopletheirfoodinarestaurant.Israeltaughthimselftoplaythepiano.Buthecouldplayonlytheblackkeys.VOICEONE:SoonIsraelbeganwritinghisownsongs.Heneverlearnedtoreadorwritemusic.Hewrotehissongsbyplayingthenoteswithonefingeronthepiano.Anassistantwrotedownthenotesonsheetsofpaper.Whenthesongwriter'sfirstsongwaspublished,hisnamewasspelledwrong.IsraelBalinehadbecomeI.Berlin.IsraelthoughtthenamesoundedmoreAmerican.SoherenamedhimselfIrvingBerlin.Betweennineteentwelveandnineteensixteen,IrvingBerlinwrotemorethanonehundredeightysongs.Bythetimehewasinhislatetwenties,hissongswerefamousaroundtheworld.VOICETWO:BerlinbecameanAmericancitizeninnineteeneighteen.Afewmonthslater;hewasorderedintomilitaryservice.TheUnitedStateswasfightinginWorldWarOne.Berlinwasaskedtowritesongsforamusicalaboutlifeinthemilitary.Hecalledtheshow"YipYipYaphank."Alloftheperformersintheshowweresoldiers.Manyofthesongsbecamepopular.A代erheservedinthearmy,BerlinreturnedtoNewYork.Heformedhisownmusicpublishingcompany.HealsoestablishedatheaterforhismusicalshowsnearBroadway.VOICEONE:IrvingBerlinlovedAmericaforgivingapoorimmigrantachancetosucceed.Heexpressedhisthanksforthissuccessinhissongs.Oneofthesesongsis"GodBlessAmerica."Hewrotethesonginnineteeneighteen.ButitdidnotbecomepopularuntilKateSmithsangitinnineteenthirty-nine.ShesangthesongtocelebrateArmisticeDay,theanniversaryoftheendofWorldWarOne.Manypeoplefeel"GodBlessAmerica"istheUnoffiCialnationalsongoftheUnitedStates.Berlingaveallmoneyheearnedfrom"GodBlessAmerica"totheBoyScoutsandGirlScoutsofAmerica.HereisKateSmithsinging"GodBlessAmerica."(MUSIC)VOICETWO:TheUnitedStatesenteredWorldWarTwoinnineteenforty?one.Berlinagreedtowriteandproduceamusicalshowcalled"ThisistheArmy."Itwasamusicalaboutlifeinthemilitary.Alltheperformersweresoldiers.TheshowwasperformedinmanycitiesacrosstheUnitedStates.IthelpedincreasesupportforAmerica'spartinthewar.ItearnedtenmilliondollarsfortheArmyEmergencyReliefFund."ThisistheArmy"alsowasperformedfortheAmericantroopsatmilitarybasesaroundtheworld.IrvingBerlinappearedinmostoftheseperformances.Hesangthesonghehadwrittenearlier.Thesongisaboutwhathehadhatedmostaboutbeinginthearmy.Here,IrvingBerlinsings"Oh,HowIHatetoGetUpintheMorning."(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Afterthewar;Berlincontinuedtowritesongsformoviesandplays.Hewrotesongsformorethanfifteenmoviesfromthenineteenthirtiestothenineteenfifties.ManyofthesongswereusedinmoviesstarringthefamousdancersFredAstaireandGingerRogers.HereisFredAstairesingingasongthatappearedinseveralmovies,"Puttin'ontheRitz."(MUSIC)VOICETWO:IrvingBerlinalsowrotethemusicforseventeenBroadwayplaysfromthenineteentwentiestonineteenfifty.HismostsuccessfulBroadwaymusicalwas"AnnieGetYourGun"innineteenforty-six.IrvingBerlinretiredinnineteensixty-twoafterhislastBroadwaymusical,"MisterPresident,"failed.Hediedinnineteeneighty-nine.ButthesongsthathegaveAmericawillbeplayedandsungformanyyearstocome.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyShelleyGollust.ItwasproducedbyLawanDavis.OurstudioengineerwasSulaimanTarawaley.I'mPhoebeZimmerman.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmber.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPeopleinAmericaprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.