美国名人 作曲家钢琴家 艾灵顿公爵 1.docx

美国名人作曲家，钢琴家艾灵顿公爵1DukeEllingtonandHisJazzOrchestraWereFamousAroundtheWorldplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:35repeatByPaulThompson2006-3-18(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmRayFreemanwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogram,PeopleinAmerica.EveryweekwetellaboutapersonwhowasimportantinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.Today,wetellaboutthegreatjazzmusician,EdwardKennedyEllington.Hewasbetterknowntotheworldas"Duke"Ellington.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThatwasDukeEllington'sorchestraplaying"Takethe,A,Train,"Justthefirstfewnotesofthatsongareenoughtotellanymusicexpertwhoisplaying.Itislikeamusicalsign.Thesignsays,"Listen!YouareabouttohearsomethingbyDukeEllington'sorchestra."Itwasalwaysthefirstsonghisorchestraplayed."Takethe'A,Train"wasonlyoneofhundredsofsongsheplayedallovertheworld.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:EdwardKennedyEllingtonwasbornonApriltwenty-ninth,eighteenninety-nine,inWashington,D.C.HisfamilylivedintheAfrican-AmericanareaofWashington.ItwasatimewhenracialseparationwasthelawinmuchoftheUnitedStates.RaciallawsandracialhatredweretofollowEdwardKennedyEllingtonallthroughhislife.YoungEdwardlikedclothes.Afriendoncelookedathimandsaid,"Youlooklikeaduke."HemeantthatEdward'sclothesweresogoodthathelookedlikeamemberofaroyalfamily.Otherfriendslaughed.Yettheyallbegancallinghim"Duke."Thenamestayedwithhimtherestofhislife.VOICEONE:WhenhewasaboutsevenyearsoldzDukeEllingtonbegantoplaythepiano.Whenhewasinhighschool,hebegantopaint.Hebecameverygoodatboth.AfamousartschoolinNewYorkCityinvitedhimtotakeclassesthere.Buthehadalreadydecidedtobecomeamusician.Hegothisfirstprofessionaljobinnineteensixteen.Heplayedmusicatnightandpaintedbusinesssignsduringtheday.Themostpopularmusicbackthenwascalledragtime.DukelistenedtoragtimepianoplayerswhovisitedWashington.Thenhetriedtoplayaswellorbetterthantheydid.Yearslater,herecordedasongthatshowedhowwellhecouldplaythepiano.Itisaragtimesongcalled"Lotso'Fingers."(MUSIC)VOICETWO:DukeEllingtonmovedtoNewYorkCityinnineteentwenty-three.Hehadasmallband.SoonitwasplayingatthefamousCottonClubzwhereitwouldplayformanyyears.DukeandhisbandcouldplayattheCottonClub.Buttheycouldnotcometohearanyoneelse,becausetheywereblack.Dukedidnotbecomeangry.Hedidnotbecomefilledwithhatredtowardwhitepeople.Helethismusicspeakforhim.VOICEONE:Intime,DukeEllington'sbandgotbigger.Itwasajazzorchestra.Morepeoplebeganhearingtheorchestra'smusic.TheycouldhearitonaradioprogramfromtheCottonClub.TheprogramoftencouldbeheardallovertheUnitedStates.Atthesametime,DukeEllingtonandthemembersofhisorchestrabeganrecordingtheirsongs.Theirfirsthitrecordwasoneoftheirmostfamous.ItwasrecordedinOctoberofnineteenthirty.Itwascalled"DreamyBlues.',Later,Dukechangedthename.Itisstillconsideredagreatbluessongandisoftenplayedtoday.Itiscalled"MoodIndigo.',(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Anorchestraisateammadeupofindividualplayers.Likeanyteam,theindividualsinanorchestramustcooperatetoproducegoodmusic.Theleaderofateam,oranorchestra,mustlearnthestrengthandtheweaknessofeachmember.Andagoodleaderwillusethisknowledgetomaketheteamororchestraproducethebestresult.Inthenineteentwentiesandnineteenthirties,membersofadanceorchestraneverstayedwithonegroupforlong.Musiciansmovedfromgrouptogroup.Yet,whenamusicianplayedwithDukeEllingtonzheusuallystayed,sometimesformanyyears.VOICEONE:Thishadaneffectonthegroup'smusic.Dukewouldwritemusicespeciallyformusiciansintheorchestra.Hissongsusedthestrengthsofoneortwoindividuals.Therestoftheorchestracooperatedwiththem.ThiscooperationbecamethemethodEllingtonusedagainandagaintoproducebeautifulsoundcolors.Hismusiccouldmakepeoplefeeldeepemotions-feelingsofhappiness,orsadness,orloneliness,orjoy.VOICETWO:SomemembersoftheDukeEllingtonorchestrawerethebestjazzmusiciansoftheirday.Theircooperationproducedasoundthatisalmostimpossibleforotherstore-create.Tocreatethatsamesound,youwouldneedthemusicianswhofirstplayedthemusic.Oneofthosemusicianswas"Cootie"Williams.HeplayedthetrumpetintheDukeEllingtonorchestraformanyyears.DukeEllingtonusedthestrengthofCootieWilliamswhenhewroteasongcalled,"AConcertoforCootie."Criticssaidthisworkshowedtheunitybetweenthemusicwriter;theleaderoftheorchestra,anditsmembers.1.istenasCootieWilliamsseemstoleadtheorchestra.Hearhowtheothermemberscooperatewithhimtoproduceaverybeautifulandspecialsound.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyPaulThompson.ItwasproducedbyLawanDavis.mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmRayFreeman.JoinusagainnextweekatthistimeforthesecondpartofourPeopleinAmericaprogramaboutDukeEllingtonontheVoiceofAmerica.