2019年10月自学考试00838《语言与文化》试题.docx

2019年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838I.Eachofthefollowingincompletestatementsisfollowedbyfouralternatives.Readeachstatementandthefouralternativescarefullyanddecidewhichofthefouralternativesbestcompletesthestatement.1. Without,itisimpossibleformantoknowanddescribetheworld.A.cultureB.speechC.languageD.thinking2. InEnglish"culture"isaloanwordfromLatin,whichwasoriginallyassociatedwithandproductionoffood.A.mentalactivitiesB.physicalactivitiesC.cultivationofone'smindD.developmentoflanguage3. Connotativemeaning,socialmeaning,affectivemeaningandCollocativemeaningcanbebroughttogetherundertheheadingmeaning.A.conceptualB.associativeC.thematicD.reflected4. InChineseculturecollectivismemphasizestheobligationsandresponsibilitiesthathaveforthesociety.A.organizationsB.teamsC.collectivesD.individuals5. MorphemesareunitsofmeaninginlanguageslikeChineseandEnglish.A.oldestB.attachedC.smallestD.independent6. 1)Hecaughtmebythearms.2)他抓住我的胳膊。TheabovepairofsentencesshowsthegrammaticalcontrastbetweenEnglishandChineseinA.grammaticalmorphemesB.subjectsandobjectsC.paratacticandhypotacticrelationsD.recipientsandmodifiers7. TheproperaddressformoftheAmericanpresidentisA.DonaldTrumpB.Mr.DonaldC.Mr.TrumpD.PresidentTrump8. Ifsomeonepassesthesaltontoyouasaresponsetoyourrequest,youcansay"tohimasareply.A.ThankyouB.IappreciateyourhelpC.Ican'tthankyouenoughD.Thankyouallthesame9. Theidiom"tobeallthumbs"hasthesamemeaningas""A.topullsomebody,slegB.tohavetwoleftfeetC.toholdone'sheadhighD.tokeepastraightface10. BattleofWaterloomarkstheendofNapoleon'sruleasEmperoroftheFrench.TodayWaterloohasbecomeanallusion,meaning.A.averyambitiouspersonB.alongdistanceraceC.afinaldefeatD.aggressivepatriotism11. Inthesentence"Whatadullspeech!He,smerelyparrotingwhatmanyothershavesaid",thetenorisA.parrotB.adullspeechC.heD.manyothers12. Whichofthefollowingmetaphoricalexpressionsshowsthatideasarefashions?A. Thatideawentoutofstyleyearsago.B. We'veusedupallourideas.C. Hisideawillliveonforever.D.It'saroughidea;itneedstoberefined.13. WhichofthefollowingisNOTatermofhumility?A.敝人B.惠函C.献丑D.小女14. Anythingthatisprohibitedbyreligion,traditionorsocialusageisa(n)A.honourificB.termofhumilityC.euphemismD.taboo15. EitherDANGERonawarningsignoranovelcanbecalledA.wordsB.phrasesC.textsD.sentences16. "Tickets,please!"saidtheguard,puttinghisheadinatthewindow.Inamomenteverybodywasholdingoutaticket.Theaboveexampleillustratesrelations.A.additiveB.adversativeC.causalD.temporal17. Whichofthefollowingwordsmeansthesameas,trousers"inBritishEnglish?A.shortsB.pantsC.sneakersD.underpants18. Fromthebrandnames"孔府家酒","玉环牌热水器","西施兰夏露二wecanfindthatinChinesemanybrandnamesareA. namedaftertheirdesignersormanufacturersB. newlyinventedwordsorcoinagesC. relatedtohistoricalfiguresoreventsD. borrowedfromothercultures19. WhichofthefollowingdefinitionsofnonverbalcommunicationisNOTtrue?A.Nonverbalcommunicationiscommunicationwithoutwords.B. Nonverbalcommunicationiscommunicationinwhichspeechsoundsareused.C. Nonverbalcommunicationisanythingsomeonedoestowhichsomeoneelseassignsmeaning.D. Nonverbalcommunicationisthestudyoffacialexpressions,touch,time,gestures,smell,eyebehavior,andsoon.20. Wemayfeelourkneesareshakingandourhandsaretremblingwhileweareexperiencingfear,butoftenwecannotcontrolthem.GesturesinthisexampleareA. adaptersB. affect displaysC. regulatorsD. illustrators21. Eachofthefollowingincompletestatementsisfollowedbyfouralternatives.Readeachstatementandthefouralternativescarefullyanddecidewhichalternativescancompletethestatement.Thereismorethanonecorrectanswertoeachquestion.22. 1.anguageistheofculturalinformation.A.symbolB.carrierC.instrumentD.container23. HeavyuseoftheroadsintheUnitedStateshasresultedintherapiddevelopmentofvarious,roadsidebusinesses,includingandsoon.A.motelsB.hotelsC.drive-insD.diners24. Whichofthefollowingsentencesareactiveinformbutpassiveinmeaning?A. Thedoorlockseasily.B. Historyismadebythepeople.C.困难被我们克服了。D.道路加宽了，立交桥也修起来了。25. Amongthefollowingnames,thereligiousnamesarcA.LilyB.ChristianC.AngelaD.Oscar26. Whatistrueaboutidioms?A. Idioms'patternsarenotunusualfromtheotherregularexpressions.B. Idioms'meaningisunpredictableevenwhentheircomponentwordsarcknown.C. Anidiomhastobelearnedasawordeventhoughitmayconsistofseveralwords.D. Therelationshipbetweentheexpressionsoftheidiomsandtheirmeaningisarbitrary26.Similescanbefoundinsentence""A. HiswordsstabbedatherheartB. HeisasstrongasahorseC. ThatyoungmanisabearatmathematicsD. Poplookedsounhappy,almostlikeachildwhohaslosthispieceofcandy27. TherearemanyeuphemismsinEnglishforlavatory,suchasA.towashone,shandsB.togotothelavatoryC.topowderone'snoseD.torelieveoneself28. Whichofthefollowingexamplesillustrateadversativerelations?A. Myclientsayshedoesnotknowthiswitness.Further,hedenieseverhavingseenherorspokentoher.B. dlovetojoinin.OnlyIdon'tknowhowtoplay.C. Imaybebacktonight;mnotsure.Eitherway,justmakeyourselfathome.D. Heshowednopleasureathearingthenews.Insteadhelookedevengloomier.29. Ofthefollowingwords,areusedinAmericanEnglish.A.repairB.anyplaceC.ticketofficeD.newsstand30. Eyebehavioursareoftenconsideredthemostimportantinthehumancommunicationprocess.TheyhavesuchqualitiesasA.saliencyB.arousalC.involvementD.neutralizationIII. Fillineachunderlinedspacewithaproperexpression.31. Inlerculturalcommunicationmainlydealswithandnonverbalinteractionandrelatedfactorsininterculturalcommunication.32. TheChineseequivalentfor,'busywork,'is""ratherthan”忙碌的工作”.33. Morphemescanbeclassifiedintoinflectionalandmorphemes.34. Termsoffamilyrelationshipslike"mother","father","son"canallbeusedasvocativesandaretermedasstandard35. Abrieffamiliarmaximoffolkwisdomisa,whichisusuallycompressedinform,ofteninvolvingaboldimageandfrequentlyajinglethatcatchesthememory.36. Thevehiclereferstothethroughwhichsomethingisexpressedordisplayed.37. Both"妇人之见"and"头发长，见识短"inChineseandtheproverb"Wifeandchildrenarebillofcharges"inEnglishreflectinChineseandEnglishculture.38. Iftwoormoresentencesarejustjuxtaposedwithoutanyconnectivesinbetween,theyarerelated,asinthefollowingexample"Thedoorwasopen.Hewalkedin."39. Whenpreparinglegaldocuments,thedraftsmenandlawyersoftenquotefromtheestablishedmodels.Therefore,legaldocumentsarenormallyandconservative.40. GesturesthatarecloselylinkedwithlanguageandthathelptoillustratethespokenwordsareIV. Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.41. Whydopeoplesaythatcultureisanationalphenomenon?42. Whatisthedifferencein(heConnolativemeaningoftheword"book"inEnglishandChineseculture?43. Whatdoparatacticrelationsreferto?44. HowdoesEST(Englishforscienceandtechnology)reflectindividualisticculture?V. Translation.45. 人不犯我，我不犯人。46. 伊丽莎白女王47. 寒舍48. Homersometimesnods.49. whitealert50. CarrycoalstoNewcastle.VLDiscussthefollowingtopics.51. WhatisthelinguisticcontrastbetweenEnglishandChineseintheviewofthesentencepattern?Discusshowthinkingpatternsprovideaculturalinterpretationforthislinguisticcontrastinsentencepatterns.52. 1)theredcarpet;开门红2) inthered;赤字3) tobecomeredfaced;脸红Usetheabovethreegroupstoillustratetheassociativemeaningsof"red"inEnglishand"红"inChinese.