剑桥雅思真题 1.docx

CambridgePracticeTestsforIELTS1VanessaJakemanClareMCDOWeIl!CambridgeUNIVERSITYPRESSPUBLISHEDBYTHFPRESSSYNDICATEOFTHEUNIVERSITYOFCAMBRIDGEThePittBuildingTrumpingtonStreetCambridgeCB2IRPUnitedKingdomCAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESSTheEdinburghBuilding,CambridgeCB22RU,UnitedKingdom40West20thStreet,NewYork,NY10011-4211,USA10StamfordRoad,Oakleigh,Melbourne3166,Australia©CambridgeUniversityPress1996Thisbookisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexceptionandtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.Firstpublished1996Thirdprinting1997PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,CambridgeISBN0521497671Self-StudyStudent'sBookISBN0521497663Setof2cassettesCopyrightThelawallowsareadertomakeasinglecopyofpartofabookforpurposesofprivatestudy.Itdoesnotallowthecopyingofentirebooksorthemakingofmultiplecopiesofextracts.Writtenpermissionforanysuchcopyingmustalwaysbeobtainedfromthepublisherinadvance.ContentsAcknowledgementsivIntroduction1PracticeTest112PracticeTest234PracticeTest354PracticeTest475GeneralTrainingReadingandWritingModules94Tapescripts107Answerkeys130Sampleanswersheets153MlAcknowledgemeritsWewouldliketothankthestaffandstudentsofthefollowinginstitutionsfortheirassistanceintriallingthesematerials:WollongongEnglishLanguageCentre;AustralianCollegeofEnglish,Sydney;HongKongPolytechnic;WaratahEducationCentre,Sydney;InternationalHouse,Queensland;MiltonEnglishLanguageCentre,Sydney;OxfordAcademyofEnglish.Inaddition,anumberofournon-EnglishspeakingfriendswerekindenoughtotrialthematerialsintheirearlyformatsTheauthorsandpublishersaregratefultothefollowingforpermissiontoreproducecopyrightmaterial.Focusmagazinefortheextractonpp.20-21fromJspark,aflint:howfireIepttolife;83CWILDLIFEMagazinefortheextractonpp.24-5fromShOWbOatasArk;TheGuardianfortheextractonpp.28-9fromArchitectureReachingfortheSkybyRuthColemanandforthegraphsonpp.31and72;GeoffMaslenfortheextractonpp.40-41fromTheRightsoftheLeft,publishedbyGoodWeekendmagazine;NationalGeographicmagazinefortheextractandmaponpp.44-5fromAmerica,sBeekeepers:HivesfarHirebyAlanMairson,NationalGeographic,May1993,andfortheextractonpp.80-81fromGlass:CapturingtheDanceOfLighibyWilliamSEllis,NationalGeographic,December1993;theextractonpp.48-9isreprintedfromTheTouristGaze,©JohnUrry1990,bypermissionofSagePublicationsLtd;TheEuropeanfortheextractonpp.60-61fromSpokenCorpusConiestoLife,fortheextractonpp.64-5fromHobbitshappyashomesgounderground,andfortheextractonpp.84-5fromWhysomewomencrossthefinishlineaheadofmenbyAndrewCrisp;TheRoyalZoologicalSocietyofNewSouthWalesfortheextractonpp.87-8fromanarticlebyHughPossmghaminConservationofAustralia'sForestFauna;MoulmexZSwanfortheextractandillustrationsonpp.94-5fromInstmctionsforaMoMmexIron;CambridgeCoachServicesfortheextractonp.96;InternationalStudentsHousefortheextractsonp.99andp.101fromtheInternationalStudents,A-Z:AguidetostudyingandlivinginLondon;GoreandOsmentPublicationsforthediagramonp51andtheextractonpp.102-3fromTheScienceandTechnologyProjectBook;BBCGoodFoodMagazinefortheextractfromSpaceInvaders,BBCGoodFoodMagazine,January1995,onwhichPracticeTest3,Listening,Section4isbased;UniversityOfWestminsterfortheextractfromGettingitright:EssentialinformationforinternationalstudentsonwhichPracticeTest4,Listening,Section2isbased:theIELTSReadingandListeninganswersheetsarereproducedbypermissionoftheUniversityofCambridgeLocalExaminationsSyndicate.Photographsp.20TheSciencePhotoLibraryZAdamHartDavis;p.80(top)ImageBank;p.80(bottom)DamienLovegrove.Theillustrationonp.84isreproducedbypcnissionofMmCooper7%eEuropean.ThedrawingsarcbyJulianPage.MapsanddiagramsbyHardLines.BookdesignbyPeterDuckerMSTDThecassetterecordingwasproducedbyJamesRichardsonatStudioAVP,LondonIntroductionTOTHESTUDENTAboutthebookThisbookhasbeenwrittenforcandidatespreparingfortherevisedversionoftheInternationalEnglishLanguageTestingSystem,knownasIELTS.ThisisatestdesignedtoassesstheEnglishlanguageskillsofnon-EnglishspeakingstudentsseekingtostudyinanEnglishspeakingcountry.AimsofthebooktoprepareyouforthetestbyfamiliarisingyouwiththetypesoftextsandtasksthatyouwillmeetintheIELTStest,andthelevelandstyleoflanguageusedinthetest.tohelpyouprepareforyourstudiesatuniversityorcollegebyintroducingyoutothetypesofcommunicationtaskswhichyouarelikelytomeetinEnglishspeakingstudyenvironment.ContentofthebookThebookcontainsfourcompletesampleIELTStests,eachcomprisingListeningandSpeakingmodulesandAcademicReadingandWritingmodules.InadditionthereisonesetoftheGeneralTrainingReadingandWritingmodules.(NBallcandidatesdothesameListeningandSpeakingmodules.)Toaccompanytheteststhereisananswerkeyatthebackofthebookandyoushouldrefertothisafteryouhaveattemptedeachofthepracticetests.Alsoincludedisanannotatedcopyofthelisteningtapescriptswiththeappropriatesectionshighlightedtohelpyoutocheckyouranswers.Inaddition,youwillfindonemodelanswerforeachtypeofwritingtasktoguideyouwithyourwriting.ThereisacomprehensivekeyfortheReadingandListeningsections,butifyouareinanydoubtaboutyouranswers,talktoateacheroranEnglishspeakingfriend.Whereyouarerequiredtoanswerinyourownwords,theanswermustbeaccurateinbothmeaningaswellasgrammarinordertobescoredcorrect.BenefitsofstudyingforIELTSBystudyingforIELTSyouwillnotonlybepreparingforthetestbutalsoforyourfutureasastudentinanEnglishspeakingenvironment.Thetestisdesignedtoassessyourabilitytounderstandandproducewrittenandspokenlanguageinaneducationalcontext.ThebookmakesreferencetothewaysinwhichuniversitystudyisorganisedinmanyEnglishspeakingcountriesandthetypesofacademictasksyouwillbeexpectedtoperform.Theseinclude:ReadingandunderstandingwrittenacademicortraininglanguageWritingassignmentsinanappropriatestyleforuniversitystudyorwithinatrainingcontextListeningtoandcomprehendingspokenlanguageinbothlectureformataswellasformalandinformalconversationalstyleSpeakingtocolleaguesandlecturersongeneralandgiventopicsinformalandinformalsituationsDescriptionofthetestTherearetwoversionsoftheIELTStest:AcademicModuleforstudentsseekingentrytoauniversityorinstitutionofhighereducationofferingdegreeanddiplomacoursesGeneralTrainingModuleforstudentsseekingentrytoasecondaryschoolortovocationaltrainingcoursesNote:AllcandidatesmusttakeQtestforeachoj'thefourskills:listening,reading,writingandspeaking.AllcandidatestakethesameListeningandSpeakingmoduleshutmaychoosebetweentheAcademicorGeneralTrainingversionsoftheReadingandWritingsectionsofthetest.YoushouldseekadvicefromateacherorstudentadviserifyouareinanydoubtaboutwhethertositfartheAcademicmodulesortheGeneralTrainingmodules.The力"Odonotcarrythesameweightandarenotinterchangeable.Testformat1.istening4sections,around40questions30minutes+transfertimeAcademicReading3sections,around40questions60minutesORGeneralTrainingReading3sections,around40questions60minutesAcademicWriting2tasks60minutesORGeneralTrainingWriting2tasks60minutesSpeaking10to15minutesTotaltesttime2hours45minutesWHATDOESTHETESTCONSISTOF?TheListeningModuleRequirementsYoumustlistentofourseparatesectionsandanswerquestionsasyoulisten.Youwillhearthetapeonceonly.Therewillbebetween38and42questions.Thetestwilltakeabout30minutes.Therewillbetimetoreadthequestionsduringthetestandtimetotransferyouranswersontotheanswersheetattheendofthetest.Thelevelofdifficultyofthetextsandtasksincreasesthroughthepaper.SituationtypesThefirsttwosectionsarebasedonsocialsituations.Therewillbeaconversationbetweentwospeakersandthenamonologue.Thesecondtwosectionsarerelatedtoaneducationalortrainingcontext.Therewillbeaconversationwithuptofourspeakersandalectureortalkofgeneralacademicinterest.QuestiontypesYouwillmeetavarietyofquestiontypeswhichmayinclude:multiplechoiceshortanswerquestionssentencecompletionnotes/summary/flowchart/tablecompletionlabellingadiagramwhichhasnumberedpartsmatchingAcademicReadingModuleRequirementsYoumustreadthreereadingpassageswithatotalof1500to2500words.Therewillbebetween38and42questions.Youwillhave60minutestoanswerallthequestions.Thelevelofdifficultyofthetextsandtasksincreasesthroughthepaper.TypesofmaterialMagazines,journals,textbooksandnewspapers.Topicsarenotdisciplinespecificbutallareinastyleappropriateandaccessibletocandidatesenteringpostgraduateandundergraduatecourses.QuestiontypesYouwillmeetavarietyofquestiontypeswhichmayinclude:multiplechoiceshortanswerquestionssentencecompletionnotes/summary/flowchart/tablecompletionchoosingfromabankofheadingsidentificationofwriter'sviewsorattitudes(Yes/No/Notgiven)classificationmatchinglistsmatchingphrasesRequirementsTasktypesTaskIYoumustcompletetwowritingtasks.Youwillhave60minutestocompletebothtasks.Youwillhavetolookatadiagram,atableorshortpieceoftextandthenpresenttheinfbationinyourownwords.Youshouldspendabout20minutesonTask1andwriteatleast150words.Yourwritingwillbeassessedonyourabilityto:organise,presentandcomparedatadescribethestagesofaprocessdescribeanobjectoreventexplainhowsomethingworks4cademicWritingMocYouwillalsobejudgedonyourabilityto:unswerthequestionwithoutstrayingfromthetopicwriteinawaywhichallowsyourreadertofollowyourideasuseEnglishgrammarandsyntaxaccuratelyuseappropriateIangUageintermsOfregister,styleandcontentYoushouldspendabout40minutesonTask2andwriteatleast250words.Task2Youwillhavetopresentanargumentordiscussaproblem.Yourwritingwillbeassessedonyourabilityto:presentthesolutiontoaproblempresentandjustifyanopinioncompareandcontrastevidenceandopinionsevaluateandchallengeideas,evidenceoranargumentYouwillalsobejudgedonyourabilityto:communicateanideatothereaderinanappropriatestyleaddresstheproblemwithoutstrayingfromthetopicuseEnglishgrammarandsyntaxaccuratelyuseappropriatelanguageintermsofregister,styleandcontentGeneralTrainingReadingModuleRequirementsYoumustanswerquestionsonthreesectionsofincreasingdifficultywithatotalof1,500to2,500words.Therewillbebetween38and42questions.Youwillhave60minutestoanswerallthequestions.Thelevelofdifficultyofthetextsandtasksincreasesthroughthepaper.TypesofmaterialNotices,advertisements,booklets,newspapers,leaflets,timetables,booksandmagazinearticles.Section/SocialsurvivalretrievingfactualinformationSection2TrainingsurvivallanguageinatrainingcontextSection3GeneralreadingextendedprosewithemphasisondescriptiveandinstructivetextsofgeneralinterestQuestiontypesYouwillmeetavarietyofquestiontypes,whichmayinclude:multiplechoiceshortanswerquestionssentencecompletionnotes/summary/flowchart/tablecompletionchoosingfromabankofheadingsidentificationofwriter,sviewsorattitudes(YesNoNotgiven)classificationmatchinglistsmatchingphrasesGeneralTrainingWritingModuleRequirementsTasktypesTasklYoumustcompletetwowritingtasks.Youwillhave60minutestocompletebothtasks.Youshouldspendabout20minutesonTask1andwriteatleast150words.Youwillhavetowriteashortletterinresponsetoagivenproblemorsituation.Yourwritingwillbeassessedonyourabilityto:engageinpersonalcorrespondenceelicitandprovidegeneralfactualinfbationexpressneeds,wants,likesanddislikesexpressopinionsYouwillalsobejudgedonyourabilityto:answerthequestionwithoutstrayingfromthetopicwriteinawaywhichallowsyourreadertofollowyourideasuseEnglishgrammarandsyntaxaccuratelyuseappropriatelanguageintermsofregister,styleandcontentTask2Youshouldspendabout40minutesonTask2andwriteatleast250words.Youwillhavetopresentanargumentordiscussaproblem.Yourwritingwillbeassessedonyourabilityto:providegeneralfactualinfbnationoutlineaproblemandpresentasolutionpresentandjustifyanopinionYouwillalsobejudgedonyourabilityto:communicateanideatothereaderinanappropriatestyleaddresstheproblemwithoutstrayingfromthetopicuseEnglishgrammarandsyntaxaccuratelyuseappropriatelanguageintermsofregister,styleandcontentTheSpeakingModuleRequirementsYouwillhavetotalktoanexaminerforabout15minutes.Theinterviewwillberecorded.Itisin5parts:1IntroductionBasicintroductions2ExtendeddiscourseYouwilltalkatsomelengthaboutgeneraltopicsofrelevanceorinterestwhichwillinvolveexplanationanddescription.3ElicitationYouwillbegivenacuecardwhichdescribesasituationorproblem.Youmustasktheexaminerquestionstoobtaininfbnation.4SpeculationandattitudesYouwillbeaskedtotalkaboutyourplansorproposedcourseofstudy.Youshoulddemonstrateyourabilitytospeculateordefendapointofview.5ConclusionTheinterviewcomestoanend.AssessmentcriteriaYouwillbeassessedonthefollowingcriteria:abilitytocommunicateeffectivelyabilitytouseappropriatevocabularyandstructuresabilitytoaskquestionsabilitytotakeinitiativeinaconversationgeneralfluencystructuralaccuracyintelligibilityHowisIELTSscored?IELTSprovidesaprofileofyourabilitytouseEnglish.InotherwordsyourIELTSresultwillconsistofascoreineachofthefourskills(listening,reading,writing,speaking)whichisthenaveragedtogivetheOverallBandScoreorfinalmark.Performanceisratedineachskillonascaleof9to1.ThenineoverallBandsandtheirdescriptivestatementsareasfollows:9ExpertuserHasfullyoperationalcommandofthelanguage:appropriate,accurateandfluentwithcompleteunderstanding.8VeryrgooduserHasftllyoperationalcommandofthelanguagewithonlyoccasionalunsystematicinaccuraciesandinappropriacies.Misunderstandingsmayoccurinunfamiliarsituations.Handlescomplexdetailedargumentationwell.7GooduserHasoperationalcommandofthelanguage,thoughwithoccasionalinaccuracies,inappropriaciesandmisunderstandingsinsomesituations.Generallyhandlescomplexlanguagewellandunderstandsdetailedreasoning.6CompetentuserHasgenerallyeffectivecommandofthelanguagedespiteinaccuracies,inappropriaciesandmisunderstandings.Canuseandunderstandfairlycomplexlanguage,particularlyinfamiliarsituations.5ModestuserHaspartialcommandofthelanguage,copingwithoverallmeaninginmostsituations,thoughislikelytomakemanymistakes.Shouldbeabletohandlebasiccommunicationinownfield.4LimiteduserBasiccompetenceislimitedtofamiliarsituations.Hasfrequentproblemsinunderstandingandexpression.Isnotabletousecomplexlanguage.3ExtremelylimiteduserConveysandunderstandsonlygeneralmeaninginveryfamiliarsituations.Frequentbreakdownsincommunicationoccur.2IntermittentuserNorealcommunicationispossibleexceptforthemostbasicinformationusingisolatedwordsorshortformulaeinfamiliarsituationsandtomeetimmediateneeds.HasgreatdifficultyunderstandingspokenandwrittenEnglish.1NonuserEssentiallyhasnoabilitytousethelanguagebeyondpossiblyafewisolatedwords.0DidnotattemptthetestNoassessableinformationprovided.Whatisthepassmark?ThereisnofixedpassmarkinIELTS.Theinstitutionyouwanttoenterwilldecidewhetheryourscoreisappropriateforthedemandsofthecourseofstudyortrainingyouwanttoundertake.However,asageneralrule,scoresbelowBand5inanyoneskillareconsideredtoolowforacademicstudy;scoresaboveBand6aredeemedtobeadequatetogood.OverallBands