剑桥雅思真题2.docx

加加CVC"<MiHOWSHOULDYINTERPRETYOURSCORES?11theAnswerkeyattheendoftheeachsetofListeningandReadinganswersyouwillfindachartWhiChWillhelpyou婚SCSSitonthebasisofyourpracticetestresults,youarcreadytotaketheIELTSexam.11interpretingyourscore,thereareanumberofpointsyoushouldbearinmind.YoiirperfbnanceintherealIELTStestwillbereportedintwoways:therewillbeaBandScoreIkflllIto9foreachofthemodulesandanOrerallBandScorefrom1to9,whichistheaverageofyourscoresinthefourtnodules.However,institutionsconsideringyourapplicationareadvisedtolookatboththeOverallBandandtheBandsforeachmodule,Theydothi$inordertoswifyouhaveIhClanguagekillneededfbraparticularcourseofstudy.FDrexample,ifyourcoursehasaIDtofreadingandwriting,butnolectures,listeningcomprehensionmightbelessimportantandascoreof5inListeningmightbeacceptableiftheOverallBandScorewas7.However,foracoursewheretherearelotsoflecturesandspokeninstructionsascoreof5inListeningmightbeunacceptableeventhoughtheOxrerallBandScorewas7.O11ccyouhavemarkedyourpapersyouShoUldhavesomeideaOrwhetheryourListeningandReadingMillsaregoodCnoUghf*youIaLTythereal1ELTStest.IfyoudidWdlenoughinonemodulebutnotinothers,youwillhavetodecideforyourselfwhetherycarereadytotakethepropertestyet,ThCPraCLiCCTdhavebeencheckedsothattheyarcaboutthesameIcVClQfdifficultyastherealIELTStest-Howler,wccannotguaranteethatyour$grCinthePracticeTestpaperswillbereflectedintherealIELTStest.ThePracticeTestscanonlygiveyouanideaofyourpossiblefutureperformanceanditisultimatelyuptoycutomakedecisionsbasedcnyourscore.DivntinstitutionacceptdivntIELTSscoresfordiflfcrcnttypesofcourses,WChavebasedourrecommendationsontheaveragescoreswhichthemajorityofinstitutionsaccept.Theinstitutiontowhichyouareapplyingmay,ofcourse,requireahigherorlowerscorethanmostotherinstitutions.SampleanswersormodelanswersareprovidedfortheWritingtask.ThesampleanswerswerewrittenbyIELTScandidates：eachanswerhasbeengivenabandscoreandthecandidateperformanceisdescribed.Pleasenotethattheexaminer'sguidelinesfbrmarkingtheWritingscriptsareverydetailed.Therearemanydifferentwaysacandidatemayachieveaparticularbandscore.ThCFnodClanswersWerCwrillcbyanexaminerasexamplesofverygoodanswers,butitisimportanttounderstandthattheyarejustoneexampleoutofmanypossibleapproaches.Test1SECTION1Questions/-/0Questions1-5CoMpletetheforme/ou,.WhteNOMORETHANONEWORDORANUMBERforeachanswerVIDEOLIBRARYAPPLICATIONFORMEXAMPLEANSWERSurnameJonesFirstnames:LouiseCynthiaAddress:Apartment1,72(1)StreetHighbridgePostcode:(2)Telephone:98356712(home)(3)(work)Driverlicencenumber:(4)Dateofbirth:Day:25thMonth:(5)Year:1977Questions68CircleTHREElettersA-FWliattypesoffilmsdoesLouiselike?AActionBComediesCMusicalsDRomanceEWesternsFWildlifeQuestions9and10WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfbreachanswer.9Howmuchdoesitcosttojointhelibrary?10WhenwillLouisetscardbeready?Questions11-f3Compielethenofesbelow,肌加NoMoRETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswerExpeditionAcrossAttoraMountains1.eader:Cbatles5mPrepareda(11)forthetripTotalICngIhoftrip(12)Climbedhighestpeakin(13).Questions/4GHd/5CircletheconnedlettersA-C.14Whattookthegroupbysurprise?theamountofrainBthenumberofpossibleroutesCthelengthofThejourney15HowdidCharlesfeelabouthavingtochangeroutes?AHereluctantlyacceptedit.BHcwasiilaLvdbyIhCdiversion.CItmadenodifferencetohisenjoyment,Questions1618CircleTHREEletterA-F.WhaldocsCharlcsayabouthisfriends'?AHemetthem肌onestageonthetrip.BTheykeptalltheirmeetingarrangements.COneofIhcmhelpedarrangeLhCtransport.DOneofthemwedLhChoteltheystayedin.ESomeofthemtravelledwithhim.FOnlyonegrouplastedthe96days.Questions/9and20CircleTHrOlettersAE.WhatdoesCharlessayaboutthedonkeys?AHerodethemwhenhewastired.BHenamedthemafterplaces.COneofthemdied.DTheybehavedUnpredictably.ETheywereverysmall.SECTION3Questions21-30Questions2I25Compietethetabiebelow.IVriteJVQMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.IIMJANEDayofarrivalSunthyQl)SubjectHistorjrQ2),Numberofbookstoread(23),Q4)DayoffirstlectureTuesdayQ5)Questions26-30HriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSRreachanswer26Whati$Jaiieystudytrategj,inlectures?27WhatisTimtsstudystrategyforreading?28WhatisthesubjectofTim,sfirstlecture?29WhatisthetitleofTin,sfirstessay?30VShatisdiesubjectOfJane'sfirstessay?SECTION4Questions31-40Questionsi1-35Complefethelublebelow.HNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Questions36-40Completethetabiebelow.WnietheappropriateiettersA-GagainstQuestionsS6-40.jobMainroleCourseTjpeofCQUr睡：dura1inandIeVMEntryequiemeM$PhysicalFitnessInstructor(36),SportsAdministrator(37)SportsPsychologist(38)PhysicalFitnessInstructorExampleSix-monthcertificateNonePhysicalEducationTeacher(39)RecreationOfficer(40).SportsAdministrator(31)(32)insportsadministrationMAINROLESthecoachingofteamsSportsP,sycho!ogislif33)DegreeinpsychologyBthesupportofeliteathletesCguidanceofordinaryindividualsDcommunityhealthPhysicalKducatiotiFour-yeardegreeinf34)EthetreatmentofinjuriesTeacheredcaLionarrangingmatchesandvenuestheroundeddevelopmentofchildrenRecreationOfficer(35)NoneGREADINGPASSAGE1YoushGuidspendiibaut26minutes0Questions3whicharebasedonReadingPayynge/bef(tw,AlRPORTSONVWmRiverdeltasarediITicultplacesft>mapmakers.TheriveruildsIhUmup,theseawearsthemdown;theiroutlinesarcalwayschanging.ThechangesinChinaisPearlRiverdelta,however,arcmoredramaticthanthesenaturalfluctuations.AnislandsixkilometresIOngandWithaEtaareaof1248hectaresisbeingcreatedthere.Andthecivilengineersareasinterestedinperformanceasinspeedandsize.ThiSisabitofthedeltathattheywanttoendure.ThenewislandofChekLaPKok,thesiteofHongKonglsnewairport,isS?3%compeie.ThegiantdumpertrucksrumblingacrossitwillhavefinishedIheirjobbyth亡middleOrIhiSyearandtheairportitselfwillbebuiltatasimilarlybreakneckpace.AsChekLaPKokrises,however,anothernewAsianislandissinkingbackintothesea.Thisisa52仆-hectareislandbuiltinOsakaHay,Japan,thatservesastheplatformforthenewKansaiairport.ChekLapKokwasbuiltinadifferentway,andthushopestoavoidthesamesinkingfate.TheusualwaytoreclaimlandistopilesandrockonIotheWblXLWhertheseabedoozeswithud1thisisratherlikeplacingatetbookonaWeISPGnge二theweightsqueezesthewateroutcausingbothwaterandspongetosettlelower.TheSCttlcmcritisrarelyeven:diftcrcpartssinkatdi11crirates.Sobuildings,PiPgroadsandsoontend10buckleandcrack.YOUcanengineeraroundtheseproblems,oryoucanengineerthemout.Kansaitookthefirstapproach;ChekLaPKokistakingthesecond.Thedifferencesarebothpoliticalandgeological.KatisaiwassupposedtobebuiltjsOnekilometrecfTshore,whereIhUseabedi6quitesolid.Fishermenroee<kandIheSiteWaSShiftedafurtherfivekilometres.Thatputitindeeperwater(arnund20metres)andaboveaseabedIhatconsistedQf20metresQfsoftalluvialsiltandmuddeposits.Wcrsefbe1witwasanct-ve*y-firmglacialdeposithundredsofmetresthick.IheKansaibuildersrecognisedthatsettlementwasinevitable.SandwasdrivenintoIheWatICdtostrengthenitbeforethelandfillwasPiIedonloptinanattempttoslowIheprocess;butthishasnotbeenaseflcriveashadbeenhoped.Tocopewithsettlement,Kansai'sgiantterminalissupportedOn900pillars.EaCbofthemcanbeindividuallyjackedup,allowingwedgestobeaddedunderneath.ThatisJlICHnttokeepthebuildinglevel.Butitcouldbeatrickytask.ConditionsaredifferentatChekLapKok.Therewassomelandtheretobeginwith,theoriginallittleislandofChekLapKokandasmalleroutcropcalledLamChau.Betweenthem,thesetwooutcropsofhard,weaheredZrwniicmakeupaquarurofIhenewisland'ssurlacearea.Unfortunately,betweentheislandstherewasalayerofoRmud,27metresthickinplaces.AccordingtoFransUiterwijk1aDutclinianwhoisthePlaQieCrSreclamationdirector,itwouldhavebeenpossibletoleavethismudbelowthereclaimedland,andtodealwidIheresultingsettlementbytheKarIsaimethod.ButtheconsortiumthatWpntheconlractfortheislandoptedibramureaggressiveapproach.IlassembledtheworldslatestfleetOfdredgers,whichsuckedup150mcubicmetresofclayndmudanddumpedilindeeperwaters.AlIhcsametime,sandwasddgedfromthewatersandpiledontopofthelayerofSMTdaythattheInaSSiVedredginghadhidbare.Norwasthesandtheonlythingused.Theorigingraniteislandwhichhadhill$upto120metreshighwasdrilledandblaskdintobouldersnobiggerthantwometresindiameter.Thisprvidcd70mcubicmetrvsQfgranitetoaddtotheisland'sfbundatiQnS-BCCinlsCIheheapobouldersdoesnofillthespaceperfectLynthisrepresentsIheequivalenofl6Smcubicmetresoflandfill.MostOftherockwillbecomethefoundationsfortheairport'sxwaysHnditstaxiways.ThCsanddredgeditemthewaterswillalsobeusedtoprovideahvo-metrcCaPPinglayeroverthegraniteplatform.ThismakesileasierforutilitiestodigLrenchcs-graniteisunyieldingstuffMostoftheterminalbuildingswillbepacodabovetheSitCoftheexistingisland.Onlyalimitedamountofpile-drivingisneededtosupportbuildingfoundationsabovesofterareas.ThecompletedislandwillbesixtosevenmcrcsaboveSCakvd.Inall,35(hcubicmetresofmaterialwillhavebeenmoved.Andmuchofit,liketheoverloads,hastobemovedseveraltimesbeforereachingit$finalrestingPlaUe-Forexample,therehastobeamocrwa>,capableofcarrying150-toncdump'lcks;andtherehastobearaisedWCafthe15.000c0structionworkers.Thesearetemporary;theywillberemovedwhentheairportisfinished.Theairport,though,isheretostay.Toprotectit,thenewcoasticisbeingbolsteredwthaformidabletwelvekilotetresofSeadefences.ThebruntofatyphoonwillbedeflectedbytheneighbouringislandofLantauilh*seaWaIlSshouldguardagainsttherest.Gentlerbutmorepersistentbadweather-thedownpoursofthesummermonsoon-isahobeingtakenintoaccount.Amat-likematerialcalledgeotextileisbeingIaidacrosstheislandtoseparatetherockaridSandlayers.Thatwillstopsandpaniclesfrombeingwashedintothekvoids,andsocausingfurtherSetlIementThisislandisbeingbuiltnevertobesunk.Questions75Questions69Classify Ihefdllowing statements as applying ioA Chek Lap Kok airport onlyB Kansai airport onlyC Both airportsWrite the appropriate letters AC in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.Exanipl < built on a man-made islandAnswerCDIAGRAM ACoses-SectionoftheoriginaiareaaroundchckLapKokbcfbreworkbcgati1 having an area of over 1000 hectares2 built in a river delta3built in the open sea4built by reclaiming land5 built using conventional methods of reclamationDIAGRAM BCross-section of the same area at the time theartic!e my/s writtengranitemudterminal building sitesandrunways and taxiways waterstiff clayCompleteZhelahelsonDiagramB方/。例Chooseyouranswersfiomtheboxbelowthediagramandwritetheminboxes6-9OnyoItranswersheel.NBTherearemorewords/phrasesthanspaces,soyouwillnotusethemall.Completethesummarybelow.ChooseyouranswersfromtheboxbelowtheJtummaryfandwritetheminboxes/673anyorGnswerxheet.N8Therearemetrewordsthanspaces,wJxWwillnfusethemail.AnswerWhenthenewChckLapKokairporthasbeencompleted,theraisedareaandLhC.(Example),.willberemoved.1.motorwajrTheislandwillbepartiallyprotectedfromstormsby(IO).andalsoby(U),.Furthersettlementcausedby.(12)willbepreventedbytheUSCof.(13).,constructionworkerscoastlinedump-trucksgeotextilerainfallLantauIslandmotorwayrockand帛androckVOidSseawallstyphoonsREADINGPASSAGE2Yonsfiotildspendabout20minuesottQuesrions/4-27wlticharebasedonReadingPassage2QHthefbUowftijpages.Questions1418Readingpq"wre2has.krparagraphsR<Ffrom汕已ti$It)fheadingsbelowChooseiht!woJtttilabieheadingsforpuraraphaB-Ffromthelistofheadingsbelow.Writetheappropriatenumbers(i-ix)inboxes14-18(?«jvwranswersheet.SBTherearemoreheadingsIhanparagraphstsoyouw"/notusethemall.1.istofHeadingsiOttawaInternationalConferenceonHCaIIhPromotionIlHQliStiCapproachIUhealthIilTheprimaryimportanceOfenvironmentalfactorsivHealthylistylesapproachtohealthvChangesinconceptsofhealthinWesternsocietyviPreventionofdiseasesandillnessviiOttawaCharterforHealthPromotionviiiDeflnitionofhealthinmedicaltermsixSocie-CcologicalviewOrhealthExampJeAnswerParagraphA*14ParagraphB15ParagraphC16ParagraphD17ParagraphE18ParagraphFChangingourUnderstandingofHealthATheconceptofhealthholdsdifferentmeaningsfordifferentpeopleandgroups.Thesemeaningsofhealthhavealsochangedovertime.ThischangeisnomoreevidentthaninWesternsocietytoday,whennotionsofhealthandhealthpromotionarebeingchallengedandexpandedinnewways.BFormuchofrecentWesternhistory,healthhasbeenviewedinthephysicalsenseonly.Thatislgoodhealthhasbeenconnectedtothesmoothmechanicaloperationofthebody,whileillhealthhasbeenattributedtoabreakdowninthismachine.Healthinthissensehasbeendefinedastheabsenceofdiseaseorillnessandisseeninmedicalterms.Accordingtothi$view,creatinghealthforpeoplemeansprovidingmedicalcaretotreatorpreventdiseaseandillness.Duringthisperiod,therewasanemphasisonprovidingcleanwater,improvedsanitationandhousing.CInthelate1940stheWorldHealthOrganisationchallengedthisphysicallyandmedicallyorientedviewofhnelth.Theystatedthat'healthisacompletestateofPhySiCaLmentalandsocialwell-beingandisnotmerelytheabsenceofdisease1(WHO,1946).Healthandthepersonwereseenmoreholistically(mind/body/spirit)andnotjustinphysicalterms.DThe1970swasatimeOffocusingonthepreventionQfdiSeaSeandillnessbyemphasisingtheimportanceofthelifestyleandbehaviouroftheindividual.Specificbehaviourswhichwereseentoincreaseriskofdisease,suchassmoking,lackoffitnessandunhealthyeatinghabits,weretargetedCreatinghealthmeantprovidingnotonlymedicalhealthcare,buthealthpromotionPrograESandpolicieswhichwouldhelppeoplemaintainhealthybehavioursandlifestyles.Whilethisindividualistichealthylifestylesapproachtohealthworkedforsome(tewealthymembersofsociety)1peopleexperiencingpoverty,unemployment,underemploymentorlittlecontrolovertheconditionsoftheirdailylivesbenefitedlittlefromthisapproach.Thiswaslargelybecauseboththehealthylifestylesapproachandthemedicalapproachtohealthlargelyignoredthesocialandenvironmentalconditionsaffectingthehealthofpeople.EDuring1980sand1990stherehasbeenagrowingswingawayfromseeinglifestylerisksastherootcauseofpoorhealth.Whilelifestylefactorsstillremainimportant,healthisbeingviewedalsointermsofthesocial,economicAndenvironmentalcontextsinwhichpeoplelive.ThisbrcadapproachtohealthisCalledthesocio-ecologcalviewofhealth.Thebroadsocic-ecologicalviewofhealthwasendorsedatthefirstInternationalConferenceofHealthPromotionheldin19861Ottawa1Canada,wherepeoplefrom38countriesagreedanddeclaredthat:Thefundamentalconditionsandresourcesforhealtharepeace,shelter,education,food,aviableincome,astableeco-systemlsustainableresources,socialjusticeandequity.Improvementinhealthrequiresasecurefoundationinthesebasicrequirements.(WHO.1986)ItiSCtearfromthisstatementthatthecreationofhealthisaboutmuchmorethanencouraginghealthyindividualbehavioursandlifestylesandprovidingappropriatemedicalcare.Therefore,thecreationofhealthmustincludeaddressingissuessuchaspoverty,pollution,urbanisation,naturalr