英语四级完型填空综述.ppt
完型填空,一、考试概述 完型填空是一种较为全面的测试题型，是大学英语四级考试710分新题型中没有变化的一部分。完型填空的目的是测试学生的语言知识及语言应用能力，包括语法概念、词汇运用以及篇章结构等综合能力。,二、体裁,以近几年的十四套真题为例,四、解题步骤：,1快速浏览全文。一般情况下，第一个句子不设空白，为全文的中心句或引导句。它向学生提供足够的信息，使学生对文章主题或背景有个粗略的认识。因此，读懂文章首句是通读全文、了解文章的关键所在。在浏览中，要注意捕捉关键词，记忆相关信息：如上下文的关系，各层次之间的逻辑关系，必要时作出标记，以把握文章发展的基本线索。,2复读答题，先易后难。首先选出那些比较直接而明显的，根据句子或上下文的意思就能确定的答案，如固定短语、常用句型、固定搭配等。如看到depend，马上就能判断出与它搭配的介词on/upon。一定要结合上下文，找出有用的信息词汇或短语以及关键的表示逻辑关系的词，弄清楚主句和从句、前句和后句之间的关系，来做为正确答案的语境线索或依据。,根据词语的复现找答案,1.Language is a means of communication,_1_ it is much more than that.Many animals can _2_.(2006.12)1.A.soB.but C.orD.for 2.A.transfer B.transmit C.convey D.communicate,三、完型填空的测试重点：,1.词汇：词汇测试是完型填空测试的一个重点，主要是对易混淆词语的辨析（主要是名词、动词、形容词和副词中存在的同义词、近义词、反义词及形似异义词）2.固定搭配：动词短语，形容词短语，介词短语及其他习惯性搭配,3.逻辑关系,1）因果关系(cause and effect)：表示原因关系的常用词：because,since,as,due to the fact that,owing to,on account of,in that,thanks to,seeing that,etc.表示结果关系的常用词：so,thus,hence,as a result(of),therefore,accordingly,for this reason,as a consequence,consequently,in that case,on that account,etc.,2）比较与对比关系(comparison and contrast)：,比较关系（comparison）是强调意思上的相近或相似之处；而对比（contrast）是强调意思上的不同或相反之处。表示对比的词：in contrast,on the contrary,conversely,oppositely,on the other hand,unlike,etc.表示比较的词：by/in comparison,like,as as,just as,etc.,3)语义递进与引申关系(semantic addition and reinforcement)：,语义递进与引申关系表示后面的内容是对前一种观点或事实作进一步的详细阐述。表示此类关系的词：also,too,further,such as,besides,not onlybut also,and then,apart/aside from,moreover,likewise,furthermore,in addition,whats more,for example,like,except,even,etc.,4)转折与让步关系(transition and concession)：,转折与让步关系表示的是后一种观点或事实与前一种观点或事实相比，结果有些出乎意料或截然相反。表示此类关系的词：however,yet,but,anyhow,nevertheless,while,whereas,instead of,instead,in any case,in spite of,despite,although,though,etc.,4、语法结构,完型填空常被命题的语法重点：1）主谓一致2）从句(定语从句，状语从句等）3）谓语动词与非谓语动词4）否定与倒装,全真实践(2008.6),1.Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels.They also carry out research work aimed _67_ extending mans knowledge of these subjects.67.A)at B)by C)to D)in,A,The emphasis given to each of these functions _68_ from university to university,according to the views of the people in _69_ and according to the resources available.68.A)turns C)moves B)ranges D)varies69.A)prospect C)control B)place D)favor,D,C,2.The smaller and newer universities do not _70_ the staff or equipment to carry out the _71_ research projects possible in larger institutions.70.A)occupy C)involve B)possess D)spare71.A)maximum C)virtual B)medium D)vast,B,D,_72_ most experts agree that some research activity is _73_ to keep the staff and their students in _74_ with the latest developments in their subjects.72.A)But B)As C)While D)For73.A)natural C)functional B)essential D)optional74.A)coordination C)touch B)accordance D)grasp,A,B,C,3.Most students attend a university mainly to _75_ the knowledge needed for their chosen _76_.Educationists believe that this aim should not be the _77_ one.75.A)acquire C)endure B)accept D)ensure76.A)procession C)possession B)profession D)preference77.A)typical C)mere B)true D)only,A,B,D,Universities have always aimed to produce men and women _78_ judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge.78.A)with C)on B)under D)through,A,For this reason,they _79_ students to meet others with differing _80_ and to read widely to _81_ their understanding in many fields of study.79.A)prompt C)encourage B)provoke D)anticipate80.A)histories C)interests B)expressionsD)curiosities81.A)broaden C)enforce B)lengthen D)specify,C,C,A,_82_ a secondary school course,a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own _83_.82.A)Amid C)Over B)After D)Upon83.A)object C)effect B)course D)sake,B,D,He should be prepared to _84_ sacrifices to study his chosen _85_ in depth.He should have an ambition to make some _86_ contribution to mans knowledge.84.A)takeC)suffer B)make D)play85.A)field C)target B)scope D)goal86.A)radical C)meaningful B)truthful D)initial,B,A,C,
