科技英语9句子成分的省略.ppt

,第九章 句子成分的省略,并列句中的省略：第二个分句中与第一个分句相同的东西可以省去。（这时前后两个分句的句型必定是相同的）,9.1 并列句中的省略,判断这种省略的关键是抓等立连接词（主要是“and”；有时用分号）：,在连词后似乎是“乱七八糟”的；,对照前面的分句，找出省略的东西。,The emitter junction（发射结）of a transistor requires forward bias（正向偏置）and the collector junction（集电结）reverse bias（反向偏置）.,Matter consists of molecules and molecules of atoms.,9.1 并列句中的省略,Capital letters（大写字母）are used to denote（表示）matrices（矩阵）and lower-case letters（小写字母）to denote vectors（矢量）.,The x-components（分量）which are directed toward（指向）the right of the origin（原点）are considered as positive,and those toward the left,negative.,9.1 并列句中的省略,A great many kinds of transistor exist,and many versions（型号）of each kind.,The load resistance（负载电阻）may be small and the applied voltage of the order of several volts.,9.1 并列句中的省略,The first condition for equilibrium（平衡）ensures（确保）that a body should be in translational（平动的）equilibrium;the second,that it be in rotational（转动的）equilibrium.,9.1 并列句中的省略,In the table（表）,a notation（标记）of infinite（无限大的）impedance（阻抗）indicates that the terminating（终端的）impedance should be a minimum（最小值）of 10 to 100 times the nominal（标称的）impedance at the specific port（特定端口）,and zero that it should be well less than a tenth the nominal impedance at the port and less than a hundredth if possible.,9.1 并列句中的省略,两个介词（或一个介词和一个动词等）共用宾语的情况,It is necessary to find out the current through,and the voltage across,the resistor.,In the primary（初级）the induced（感应的）voltage is practically（几乎）equal to,and opposes,the applied voltage.,9.2 两个介词共用宾语的情况,This voltage is always greater than or equal to 0.4 V.,The student should enjoy,rather than be intimated（恐吓）by the quantum（量子）nature of the laser.,The acceleration（加速度）is directly proportional to,and in the same direction as,the applied force（外力）.,9.2 两个介词共用宾语的情况,It is the existence of and the ability to control precisely（精确地）these two independent charge-transport mechanisms（传送电荷的机制）that make possible all junction（结型）semiconductor devices.,Behavior of and Requirements for Internet Firewalls（防火墙）,9.2 两个介词共用宾语的情况,Chapter 4 Measurements of,with,and in the Presence of Noise,The consultation（磋商）activities of and the pertinent（中肯的）suggestions and corrections made by the late（已故的）Emery L.Simpson,are gratefully acknowledged（深表感谢）as being of utmost（极大的）aid in the preparation（撰写）of the first two editions（版本）.,9.2 两个介词共用宾语的情况,*这位教授（professor）在研究（research）和应用（application）沃氏函数（the Walsh Functions）方面起了积极的作用。,9.2 两个介词共用宾语的情况,This professor has played an active role in the research on and the application of the Walsh Functions.,9.2 两个介词共用宾语的情况,1、一般形式,从属连接词+,形容词分词介词短语名词,（省去了“it is was”或“they are were”）,9.3 省略式状语从句,Metals expand when heated.,A constant number,however=no matter how large,is never spoken of as infinite（无穷大）.,2、固定表示法,if any,if so,if not,9.3 省略式状语从句,ifwhenwheneverwherewherever,possiblenecessary,Each new development is naturally（自然）at first very imperfect（不完善的）and few,if any,people recognize its possibilities.,9.3 省略式状语从句,3、在由“no matter=ever”引导的从句中可省去“is;are;may be”,The same physical principles are involved（涉及）whatever the shape of a conductor.,The ammeter（安培表）(whatever its resistance)reads the current through it.,9.3 省略式状语从句,一个特殊句型：由“hence thus”引出的句中一般均省去谓语动词“comes results”,The stream（流）of electrons is emitted from the cathode（阴极）of the electron gun（电子枪）,hence the name“cathode ray.”,9.4 一个特殊句型,The transistor in the figure（图）has its semiconductor materials arranged p-n-p;hence the name pnp transistor.,Proteins（蛋白质）are essential（必不可少的）to the growth and the rebuilding（恢复）of body tissues（人体组织）hence their importance.,9.4 一个特殊句型,The meter bridge（米桥）is usually 1m long hence the name.,9.4 一个特殊句型,从上下文容易理解的省略现象,Although the proof of Fouriers theorem（傅氏定理）is beyond（超出）the scope（范围）of this book,the application is not.,9.5 从上下文容易理解的省略现象,