新概念英语第四册第五单元课件.ppt

Unit 5,Choose to Be Alone on Purpose,课文内容概要,The article looks at two contrasting sides of solitude:the American hero or literary giant who choose to be alone and how solitude is seen as promoting both a strong character and creative inspiration;the people who are forced to choose loneliness.文章着眼于独处的两个截然不同的方面：一是选择独居的美国式英雄或者文学巨匠，对他们而言，独处可以促进其坚定的品格和创作灵感；一是被迫选择独处的人。,文章结构分析,本文是一篇议论文，论述了在当今社会中，一部分人愿意独处的生活方式及作者对这种现象的看法。文章以著名作家华兹华斯、弥尔顿及梭罗的独处方式为例，说明他们的成功与独处是有一定关系的。最后作者提出了对独处的认识及对读者的建议：保持理性。,Choose to Be Alone on Purpose,Para.13,Para.1 Here we are,all by ourselves,all 22 million of us by recent count,alone in our rooms,some of us liking it that way and some of us not.Some of us divorced,some widowed,some never yet committed.,Para.2aLoneliness may be a sort of national disease here,and its more embarrassing for us to admit than any other sin.On the other hand,to be alone on purpose,having rejected company rather than been cast out by it,is one characteristic of an American hero.,Para.2bThe solitary hunter or explorer needs no one as they venture out among the deer and wolves to tame the great wild areas.Thoreau,alone in his cabin on the pond,his back deliberately turned to the town.Now,thats character for you.,Para.3Inspiration in solitude is a major commodity for poets and philosophers.Theyre all for it.They all speak highly of themselves for seeking it out,at least for an hour or even two before they hurry home for tea.,1.all 22 million of us by recent count,alone in our rooms,(Para.1)by count:by calculating the number of units in a groupBy our count thats the fifth cake youve eaten.我们数了一下，这是你吃的第五块蛋糕。Compare:at the last countThe number of students was 665 at the last count.最后一次点数时，学生的人数为665人。,2.Some of us divorced,some widowed,some never yet committed.(Para.1)Meaning:Some of us live alone after divorcing marriage partners,some of us live in solitude because the marriage partners passed away,some solitary conditions result from the fact that some of us have not yet married.,3.The solitary hunter or explorer(Para.2)solitary:a.(of a person or an animal)enjoying being alone,frequently spending time alone;alone,with no other people or things arounda solitary existence隐居生活a poor and solitary life 孤苦伶仃的生活The solitary boat looked tiny in the sea.孤舟在大海上显得很渺小。,4.needs no one as they venture out among the deer and wolves to tame the great wild areas.(Para.2)venture out:risk going somewhere that might be dangerous or unpleasantId rather not venture out in pouring rain if I dont have to!如果不是非出去不可，我可不愿冒着倾盆大雨出去。,5.Thoreau,alone in his cabin on the pond,his back deliberately turned to the town.Now,thats character for you.(Para.2)Meaning:Thoreau stayed alone in his cabin on the pond,with the intention of rejecting the life among others in the town.Now this has become the lifestyle of ordinary people.,6.Thoreau,alone in his cabin on the pond,(Para.2)pond:n.an area of water smaller than a lake,often artificially madeThe ice was thick on the pond.池塘里的冰结得很厚。7.Inspiration in solitude is a major commodity for poets and philosophers.Theyre all for it.(Para.3)Meaning:Inspiration in solitude is the most useful thing for poets and philosophers.They are all in favor of it.,8.Theyre all for it.(Para.3)be for:support;favourIm for the chairmans plan.我赞成主席的计划。9.They all speak highly of themselves for seeking it out,(Para.3)speak highly of:express or have a high opinion ofShe speaks highly of the new teacher.她对这位新教师评价很高。Compare:speak ill/well of:express a bad/good opinion ofDont speak ill of the dead.别说死者的坏话。,10.They all speak highly of themselves for seeking it out,(Para.3)seek out:find(sth.or sb.)by looking hardHow can we seek out a really good person for the job?我们如何才能寻找到真正适合这项工作的人？,New wordssolitary a.alone;lonely;without companions独自的，孤独的a solitary traveler 一位孤独的旅行者A solitary tree remained standing after the hurricane.飓风过后，惟有一棵树孤独地挺立在那儿。,deer n.Ca large,grass-eating animal,the male of which has antlers 鹿a herd of deer 一群鹿Deer are found throughout the world,except in Africa and Australia.除了非洲和澳洲，世界各地都有鹿。wolf n.Ca wild animal of the dog family 狼Wolves kill sheep and sometimes even attack men.狼群捕杀羊，有时甚至还会攻击人。Wolves hunt in packs.狼是成群猎食的。,tame v.1）make sb.or sth.easy to control制服，控制并利用tame a river治理河流Atomic energy has been tamed and harnessed for useful work.原子能已被控制并得到实际应用。2）train an animal or bird not to be afraid of humans and to be obedient驯化，驯服tame a tiger驯虎He tamed the wild horse.他驯服了那匹野马。a.(esp.of animals)not wild or fierce,either naturally or because of training or long involvement with humans(尤指动物）温顺的，驯化的The birds in the park are quite tame and will take food from your hand.公园的鸟很温顺，它们会吃你亲手喂给它们的食物。,pond n.Can area of water smaller than a lake,often artificially made 池塘a fish pond鱼塘She has a duck pond at the bottom of her garden.她在花园深处有个养鸭塘。inspiration n.U,C(a person or thing that causes)a feeling of wanting and being able to do sth.good,create a work of art,etc.灵感，鼓舞人心的人或事物His hard work is a constant inspiration to us all.他刻苦工作的态度不断地激励着我们每个人。,solitude n.U the situation of being alone without other people 独居，独处People need a chance to reflect on spiritual matters in solitude.人们需要独处的机会来反思精神上的事情。,Para.1事实如此，我们孤独无依地生活着。据最近的统计，共有2,200万人独自生活在自己的住所里。其中有些人喜欢这种生活，有些却不喜欢。有些离了婚，有些鳏寡无伴，也有些从未结过婚。,Para.2孤独或许是这里的一种民族弊病，我们羞于承认它，甚于其他任何罪恶。而另一方面，故意选择独处，拒绝别人的陪伴而非为同伴所弃，却是美国式英雄的一个特点。孤独的猎人或探险者去鹿群和狼群中冒险，征服广袤的荒野时，并不需要有人陪伴。梭罗独居在湖畔的小屋，有意疏离了城市生活。现在，这成了你的个性。,Para.3独处的灵感是诗人和哲学家最有用的东西。他们都赞成独处，都因能够独处而自视甚高，至少在他们匆忙赶回家喝茶之前的一两个小时之内是这样。,Para.8 The American high priest of solitude was Thoreau.We admire him,not for his self-reliance,but because he was all by himself out there at Walden Pond,and he wanted to beall alone in the woods.,美国的独处代表人物是梭罗。我们钦佩他，并非因为他能自力更生，而是因为他孤身一人在瓦尔登湖畔生活，他喜欢这样独居在湖畔的树林中。,Para.9 Actually,he lived a mile,or 20 minutes walk,from his nearest neighbor;half a mile from the railroad;three hundred yards from a busy road.He had company in and out of the hut all day,asking him how he could possibly be so noble.Apparently the main point of his nobility was that he had neither wife nor servants,实际上，他最近的邻居离他只有一英里，走路也就20分钟；铁路离他半英里；交通繁忙的大路距他300码。整天都有人进出他的小屋，请教他何以能够如此高洁。显然，他的高洁之处主要在于：他既没有妻子也没有仆人，,used his own axe to chop his own wood,and washed his own cups and saucers.I dont know who did his laundry;he doesnt say,but he certainly doesnt mention doing his own,either.Listen to him:I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.,自己动手用斧头砍柴，自己洗杯洗碟。我不知道谁为他洗衣服，他没说，但他也肯定没提是他自己洗。听听他是怎么说的：“我从未发现比独处更好的伙伴。”,Para.10 Thoreau had his own self-importance for company.Perhaps theres a message here:The larger the ego,the less the need for other egos around.The more modest and humble we feel,the more we suffer from solitude,feeling ourselves inadequate company.,句型：1、The larger the ego,the less the need for other egos around.自我意识越强，就越不需要其他的人在周围。The+比较级The+比较级，比较部分可以是状语、补语、宾语或主语。其特点是前后都有所省略，也可以使用倒装语序。,2、The more modest and humble we feel,the more we suffer from solitude,feeling ourselves inadequate company.我们越是感觉谦卑，就越受孤独的折磨，感到仅与自己相处远远不够。The morethe more,feeling ourselves inadequate company做伴随状语。,梭罗以自尊自重为伴。也许这里的启示是：自我意识越强，就越不需要其他的人在周围。我们越是感觉谦卑，就越受孤独的折磨，感到仅与自己相处远远不够。,Para 1112,UNIT 5,Choose to Be Alone on Purpose,Enter,Para.11 If you live with other people,their temporary absence can be refreshing.Solitude will end on Thursday.If today I use a singular personal pronoun to refer to myself,next week I will use the plural form.While the others are absent you can stretch out your soul until it fills up the whole room,and use your freedom,coming and going as you please without apology,staying up late to read,soakin in the bath,eating a whole pint of ice cream at one sitting,moving at your own pace.Those absent will be back.Their waterproof winter coats are in the closet and the dog keeps watching for them at the window.But when you live alone,the temporary absence of your friends and acquaintances leaves a vacuum;they may never come back.,Chinese,Para.12 The condition of loneliness rises and falls,but the need to talk goes on forever.Its more basic than needing to listen.Oh,we all have friends we can tell important things to,people we can call to say we lost our job or fell on a slippery floor and broke our arm.Its the daily succession of small complaints and observations and opinions that backs up and chokes us.We cant really call a friend to say we got a parcel from our sister,or its getting dark earlier now,or we dont trust that new Supreme Court justice.,Chinese,句型,Para.11 若与别人同住，他们的小别会使你感到耳目一新。孤独将会于星期四结束。如果今天我提到自己时使用的是单数人称代词，那么下星期我就会使用复数形式。其他人不在的时候，你可以放飞自己的灵魂，让它充满整个房间。你可以充分享受自由，随意来去而无需道歉。你可以熬夜读书、大泡浴缸、一口气吃掉整整一品脱的冰淇淋。你可以按自己的节奏行动。暂别的人会回来。他们的冬季防水大衣还放在衣橱里，狗也在窗边密切留意他们归来的身影。但如果你单独居住，那么朋友或熟人的暂时离别会使你感到空虚，也许他们永远也不会回来了。,Para.12 孤独的感觉时起时落，但我们却永远需要与人交谈。这比需要倾听更重要。噢，我们都有朋友，可以把大事要事向他们倾诉。我们可以打电话对朋友说我们丢了工作，或者说我们在湿滑的地板上摔倒了，跌断了胳膊。每日不断的琐碎抱怨，对各种事情的看法和意见，积在那儿，塞满了我们的心。我们不会真打电话给一位朋友，说我们收到了姐姐的一个包裹，或者说现在天黑得比较早，或者说我们不信任最高法院新来的法官。,句型：The condition of loneliness rises and falls,but the need to talk goes on forever.Sth:rise and fall,but sth.else go on forever.某种东西时起时落，但持久不变是用于表述“事物的辩证关系”。Eg:Ones career may rise and fall,but ones pursuit of happiness goes on forever.一个人的事业有高潮也有低潮，但他对幸福的追求是永恒的。,1.stretch out 拉长，伸长Eg1:She stretched out the rubber band to one meter long.她把橡皮筋拉长到1米。Eg2:The negotiation process was stretched out to several months.谈判过程延长到了好几个月。,2.Fill up:占满Eg1：Research work and lectures filled up his time.研究工作以及演讲占满了他的时间。Eg2：She filled up all the buckets she could lay her hands on.她把所有能找到的桶都装满了。,3.stay up 熬夜Eg1：He asked his son not to stay up late.他要儿子不要熬夜。Eg2：We stayed up late to watch TV.我们看电视看到很晚才睡。,4.at/in one sitting 一口气Eg1：I enjoyed the book so much that I read it all at one sitting.我对这本书非常感兴趣以至于一口气读完了它。Eg2：Jeff ate a whole bag of potato chips in one sitting.杰夫一口气把一袋薯片吃完了。,5.back up 1).（使）积压；（使）拥塞Eg1:The correspondence has been backing up for several days.待处理的信件已积压了好几天。Eg2:Many vehicles were backed up at the crossroads because of the accident.由于事故，很多车辆被堵在十字路口。2).支持Eg1:Harry will back me up wholeheartedly as he used to.哈里会像过去一样全心全意地支持我。Eg2:The policeman wouldnt have believed me if you hadnt backed me up.如果你当时不支持我，警察是不会相信我的。,译文 科学调查表明，独居的人会对着自己,对着宠物，对着电视机唠叨不休。我们问小猫今天该穿蓝色套装还是黄色裙装，问鹦鹉今天晚餐该做牛排还是面条。我们跟自己争论那个花样滑冰选手和这个滑雪运动员到底哪个更了不起。这没什么不妥，这对我们有好处，而且不像有些人那么人尴尬：比如在超市结账处，排在我们前面的那个女人告诉收银员，她的侄女梅丽莎星期六可能会来看她。梅丽莎非常喜欢热巧克力，所以她买了速溶热巧克力粉，虽然她从来自己不喝这东西。,重点句,Its good for us,and a lot less embarrassing than the woman in front of us in line at the market whos telling the cashier that her niece Melissa may be coming to visit on Saturday,and Melissa is fond of hot chocolate,which is why she bought the powdered hot chocolate mix,though she never drinks it herself.(L6872),注释,1.主句包含两个并列表语：Its good for us,and a lot less embarrassing than2.第二个表语部分含一个比较状语从句a lot less embarrassing than the woman,a lot修饰比较级less embarrassing,woman后接定语从句whos telling the cashier that,其中that引导宾语从句her niecedrinks it herself，在这个宾语从句中，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面that后所述内容，其中whychocolate mix 为表语从句。,Para.15,Its important to stop waiting and settle down and make ourselves comfortable,at least temporarily,and find some grace and pleasure in our condition,not like a self-centered British poet but like a patient princess sealed up in a tower,waiting for the happy ending to our fairy tale.(L7477),译文,重要的是不再等待，安顿下来，使自己过的舒适，至少暂时要这样。要在我们自身的条件中发现一些优雅和乐趣，不要做一个以自我为中心的英国诗人，而要像一个被关在楼塔里的公主，耐心的等待着我们的童话故事的快乐结局。,注释,1）It 为形式主语，真正的主语是一系列不定式短语to stop waiting and settle down and make ourselves comfortable and find some grace and pleasure 其中过去分词短语sealed up in a tower和现在分词短语waiting for都是princess的定语，前者表被动，后者表主动。2）注意an ending to something.(的结局）中要用介词to，而不是of。,THANK YOU!,