新概念英语31-40课文详解.ppt

新概念英语31-40课文详解,新概念第一册31-32 课文详解及练习答案,词汇学习 Word study 1climb v.（1）攀登，攀爬：The children are always climbing trees.孩子们总是在爬树。He likes climbing mountains.他喜欢爬山。（2）逐步上升（增长）：The temperature is climbing steadily.温度正在慢慢地平稳上升。The price of gold climbed back.金价逐渐回升了。（3）（在社会地位等方面）往上爬：He is trying hard to climb to the top of the social ladder.他正努力爬到社会的最顶层。He has climbed to a very high position in his field.他已在自己的领域中爬到了一个很高的位置。,2run v.（1）跑，奔跑：He is running quickly.他正飞快地跑着。He runs a mile every morning to keep fit.他天天早晨跑一英里步以保持身体健康。（2）流动；流出：The current is running strong.水流湍急。Her eyes ran with tears.她落泪了。（3）追赶；追逐：The dog is running after a cat.那只豿正在追赶一只猫。Many young men are running after that girl.许多年轻人在追求那个姑娘。,语法 Grammar in use 现在进行时（1）（1）在英文中若想表达此刻正在进行的动作或事件，要用动词的现在进行时形式。现在进行时由be的现在时形式（am,is,are）+现在分词组成。如课文中的Shes sitting under the tree 和Hes climbing the tree等句子均为现在进行时。对大多数动词来说，在动词后面直接加-ing即可构成现在分词，如doing,climbing。以-e结尾的动词，要去掉-e，再加-ing，如making。假如动词只有一个元音字母而其后跟了一个辅音字母时，则需将与辅音字母双写，再加-ing，如running,sitting。（2）疑问式：将用了现在进行时的句子变成一般疑问句时只需将助动词提前。如：Hes reading a magazine.Is he reading a magazine?他正在看一本杂志吗？,（3）否定式：现在进行时的否定式是将否定词not放在助动词之后。如：The dog is drinking its milk.The dog is not drinking its milk.豿没在喝它的那份牛奶。,练习答案 Key to written exercisesLesson 32A1 He is opening the window.2 She is sharpening this pencil.3 She is dusting the cupboard.4 She is emptying the basket.5 He is looking at the picture.B1 What is Mr.Richards doing?Is he cleaning his teeth?No,he isnt cleaning his teeth.Hes opening the window.2 What is my mother doing?Is she shutting the door?No,she isnt shutting the door.Shes making the bed.,3 What is the dog doing?Is it drinking its milk?No,it isnt drinking its milk.Its eating a bone.4 What is my sister doing?Is she reading a magazine?No,she isnt reading a magazine.Shes looking at a picture.5 What is Emma doing?Is she dusting the dressing table?No,she isnt dusting the dressing table.Shes cooking a meal.,6 What is Amy doing?Is she making the bed?No,she isnt making the bed.Shes sweeping the floor.7 What is Tim doing?Is he reading a magazine?No,he isnt reading a magazine.He is sharpening a pencil.8 What is the girl doing?Is she turning on the light?No,she isnt turning on the light.Shes turning off the tap.,9 What is the boy doing?Is he cleaning his teeth?No,he isnt cleaning his teeth.Hes putting on his shirt.10 What is Miss Jones doing?Is she putting on her coat?No,she isnt putting on her coat.Shes taking off her coat.,新概念第一册33-34 课文详解及练习答案,课文详注 Further notes on the text 1It is a fine day today.今天天气好。句中的it是指天气。又如：Is it cold today?今天冷吗？No,it isnt.不，不冷。2some clouds，几朵云。some既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。如：some tables一些椅子（可数名词），some milk一些牛奶（不可数名词）。3There are some clouds in the sky,but the sun is shining.天空中飘着几朵云，但阳光灿烂。这句是并列句，由两个分句构成，连词but表明分句之间存在着对比及转折关系。两分句之间大多要用逗号，有时可不用逗号。4Mr.Jones is with his family.琼斯先生同他的家人在一起。句中with是介词，表示“和一起”。family是指“家里的人”或“家庭成员”。,5They are walking over the bridge.他们正在过桥。句中的over有“穿过”的意思。又如：The aeroplane is flying over the river.飞机正在河上飞过。The birds are flying over the house.鸟儿在屋上飞过。over还可表不“在上方”（不接触表面），如：The sky is over our heads.天空在我们头顶上。6There are some boats on the river.河上有几艘船。句中on意为“在上面”（接触表面）。又如：There is a book on the table.桌上有一本书。7The ship is going under the bridge.那船正从桥下驶过。句中under意为“在下面（或下方）”。如：There is a dog under the tree.树下有只豿。ship一般指海洋中行驶的大船。boat一词指河中行驶的小船。另外：aeroplane（英国英语），airplane（美国英语），飞机（正式用语）；plane，飞机（非正式用语）。,语法 Grammar in use现在进行时（2）（请参见 Lessons 3132语法部分。）现在进行时的形式是由be的现在时形式+现在分词形式构成。当句中主语名词为复数或者人称代词为第2人称或第3人称复数时，be的现在时形式应为are。,词汇学习 Word study 1jump v.（1）跳跃；跃过：They are jumping a ditch.他们正跃过一个深沟。They jumped off the wall and ran off.他们从墙上跳下去跑掉了。（2）略去；跳过：He jumped the first grade in college.他跳过大学一年级（指跳级直接升入二年级）。（3）忽然上升；猛增：They jumped the registration fees from 20 to 50.他们把注册费从20英镑涨到50英镑。His companys profits jumped surprisingly last year.他所在公司去年的利润令人惊异地飞速增加。,2sleep（1）v.睡觉：He sleeps for only 4 hours every night.他每夜只睡4个小时。I was so excited that I could hardly sleep.我兴奋得无法入睡。（2）n.睡眠；睡觉：He had a good sleep last night.他昨天夜里睡得很酣畅。,练习答案 Key to written exercisesLesson 34A1 She is typing a letter.2 She is making the bed.3 He is coming.4 The sun is shining.5 He is giving me some magazines.B1 What are the men doing?Theyre cooking a meal.2 What are they doing?Theyre sleeping.3 What are the men doing?Theyre shaving.4 What are the children doing?Theyre crying.5 What are the dogs doing?Theyre eating bones.6 What are the women doing?Theyre typing letters.7 What are the children doing?Theyre doing their home-work.8 What are the women doing?Theyre washing dishes.9 What are the birds doing?Theyre flying over the river.10 What are they doing?Theyre walking over the bridge.11 What are the man and the woman doing?Theyre waiting for a bus.12 What are the children doing?Theyre jumping off the wall.,新概念第一册35-36 课文详解及练习答案,课文详注 Further notes on the text 1This is a photograph of our village.这是我们村庄的一张照片。句中of是介词，表示“的”。又如：the windows of a room 房间的窗户2It is between two hills.我们的村庄坐落在一个山谷之中。句中It指village。between是介词，表示“在（两者）之间”。又如：The man is standing between two policemen.这个男人正站在两名警察之间。3along the banks of the river,沿着河岸。along为介词，表示“沿着”。4He is swimming across the river.他正横渡小河。across为介词，表示“通过”某个平面。5beside a park，位于公园旁边。beside为介词，表示“在旁边”。,语法 Grammar in use 短语动词短语动词通常是指后面常跟一个介词或副词短语的动词，即动词+介词或副词小品词。英语（特别是在非正式的、惯用的英语）中存在着一种用动词短语代替与其同义的单个动词的强烈趋势。如听到敲门声，我们会说Come in而不会用Enter来表达。最常见的短语动词是由英语中最短小和最简单的动词构成的，这些动词常与表示位置或方向的词组合，如along,down,in,off,on,out,over,under等。例如：The cats are running along the wall.猫正沿着墙跑。The children are jumping off the branch.孩子们正从树枝上跳下来。不仅一个单个动词可以同大量的介词或副词小品词一起构成短语动词，而且一个短语动词本身也可能有几种不同的意义。,词汇学习 Word study 1go into（1）走进；进入：He is going into a shop.他正走进一家商店。（2）进入；介入：Theyre going into the business world.他们正步入商界。2sit on（1）坐在上：The children are sitting on the grass.孩子们正坐在草地上。（2）拖延；压下：They are trying to sit on the bad news as long as possible.他们正试图尽可能拖延时间不把这个坏消息讲出去。,3run along（1）沿着跑：The dogs are running along the river banks.豿正沿着河岸奔跑。（2）离开；走开：Its getting dark,we must run along.天黑了，我们得走了。,练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 36 A1 He is swimming across the river.2 She is sitting on the grass.3 The cat is running along the wall.B 1 Where is the man going?Hes going into the shop.2 Where is the woman going?Shes going out of the shop.3 Where is he sitting?Hes sitting beside his mother.4 Where are they walking?Theyre walking across the street.5 Where are the cats running?Theyre running along the wall.6 Where are the children jumping?Theyre jumping off the branch.7 Where is the man standing?Hes standing between two policemen.8 Where is she sitting?Shes sitting near the tree.9 Where is it flying?Its flying under the bridge.10 Where is the aeroplane flying?Its flying over the bridge.11 Where are they sitting?Theyre sitting on the grass.12 Where are the man and the woman reading?Theyre reading in the living room.,新概念第一册37-38 课文详解及练习答案,课文详注 Further notes on the text 1What are you going to do now,George?你现在准备干什么，乔治？be going to，是打算、准备、按计划在最近做某事，表示将来。请参见本课语法部分。2PinksPink is。3Its for my daughter,Susan.是为我的女儿苏珊做的。Susan作my daughter的同位语。语法 Grammar in use 将来时 be going to（1）将来时be going to的形式由am/is/are going to+动词原形构成。（2）将来时be going to的用法A表示“打算”、“准备”在最近做某事。（在非正式语体中，一般多用be going to，而不用will。）I am going to put it on the floor.我打算把它放在地板上。He is going to paint the bookcase tomorrow.他准备明天给书架刷漆。,B表示按计划、安排要发生的事：The meeting is going to begin at nine.会议将在9点开始。Where are you going to build the road?你们将在什么地方筑路？C表示预言一件事即将发生：The meeting is going to begin at nine.会议将在9点开始。Its going to rain!天要下雨了！Shes going to faint!她要晕倒了！,（3）be going to的疑问式与否定式将助动词be提至句首可将陈述句变为一般疑问句。如：George is going to paint it pink.乔治打算把它刷成粉红色。Is George going to paint it pink?乔治打算把它刷成粉红色吗？在助动词后面加上not可以得到否定句。如上句可变为：George is not going to point it pink.乔治不打算把它刷成粉红色。,词汇学习 Word study 1paint（1）v.上漆，涂：What colour is George going to paint it?乔治准备把它漆成什么颜色的？（2）v.（用颜料）画：Who painted this picture?这幅画是谁画的？（3）v.描写；描绘：His novel paints a peaceful picture of the country life in Europe.他的小说描绘了有关欧洲乡村生活的宁静画面。（4）n.油漆；涂料；颜料：Wet Paint!油漆未干！I bought a box of paints.我买了一盒颜料。,2work（1）v.工作；劳动：He works 45 hours per week.他每周工作45个小时。（2）v.从事职业：He works as a bank clerk.他是一名银行职员。（3）v.学习；做作业：If you work hard,youll pass your exams.如果你用功的话，你就会考试通过。（4）n.工作；劳动；作业；职业：He wants to have a good sleep after a days work.在一天的工作之后，他想好好睡上一觉。The students finished all their work in class.学生们当堂把全部作业都完成了。He is without work.他失业了。,练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 38 A 1 What are you doing?We are reading.2 What are they doing?They are doing their homework.3 What is he doing?He is working hard.4 What are you doing?I am washing the dishes.B1 What are you going to do?Im going to shave.What are you doing now?Im shaving.2 What are you going to do?Im going to wait for a bus.What are you doing now?Im waiting for a bus.3 What are you going to do?Im going to do my homework.What are you doing now?Im doing my homework.4 What are you going to do?Im going to listen to the stereo.What are you doing now?Im listening to the stereo.5 What are you going to do?Im going to wash the dishes.What are you doing now?Im washing the dishes.,新概念第一册39-40 课文详解及练习答案,课文详注 Further notes on the text 1 Dont do that.不要放在那儿。在英文中需用祈使语气来表示直接的命令、建议等多种意图。而祈使句的否定式则由Dont（或Do not）+动词原形构成，又如课文中的Dont drop it!（别摔了！）等句子。（请参见本课语法部分。）2Give it to me.把它给我。在第21课有give me a book这样的句型，在本课中又出现了give it to me的句型。在动词give后面可以有两个宾语：即直接宾语（指物，如a book,it）和间接宾语（指人，如me）。如果直接宾语置于动词give之后，间接宾语之前则带to。再比较一下下列句式：Show her the magazine.给她那本杂志。Show it to her.把它给她。Give me that knife.给我那把小刀。Give it to me.把它给我。,3in front of，在前面。有别于in the front of，在的前部。4There we are!就放在那里!在这里表示说话人的满意心情，可理解为“好了”、“行了”等。语法 Grammar in use 祈使句的否定缩略式形式为Dont（或Do not）+动词原形，如：Dont wait!别等了！Dont speak to me like that!别那样跟我讲话！使用祈使句时，重音、语调、手势和面部表情，尤其是情境和上下文，都说明这种形式用于表示是否友好、不客气、愤怒、不耐烦、有说服性等。一般而言，祈使句的否定式通常用Dont来表示，完整形式Do not主要用于正式文告中。,词汇学习 Word study 1drop v.（1）（失手）落下；掉下；放下：Be careful!Dont drop it.小心！别摔了。She dropped her knife and fork and hurried to answer the phone.她放下刀叉赶紧去接电话。（2）（使）滴下；滴水：Tears dropped from her face.泪珠从她的脸上滑落。（3）（使）下降；降低：He dropped his voice.他把声音放低了些。Yesterday the temperature dropped to 8 below zero.昨天气温下降到了摄氏零下8度。2send v.（1）送给；寄：She is going to send a letter to her sister.她准备给她的姐姐寄封信。Ill send him a present.我将给他送去一件礼物。（2）差遣；命（或请）去：He sent his secretary for a doctor.他派他的秘书去请医生了。Her mother often sends her to the store for some groceries.她母亲经常差遣她去商店买些杂货。,练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 40 A 1 Send that letter to George.2 Take those flowers to her.3 Show that picture to me.4 Give these books to Mrs.Jones.5 Give these ice creams to the children.B 1 Im going to put it on.2 Im going to take them off.3 Im going to turn them on.4 Im going to turn it off.5 Im going to put it on.6 Im going to take it off.7 Im going to turn them on.8 Im going to turn it off.9 Im going to turn them off.10 Im going to turn it on.,