人教版中考考前语法主谓一致.ppt
语法互动(十二)主谓一致,中考考点1就近一致原则。2意义一致原则。3语法一致原则。,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,考点一就近一致原则(即谓语的单、复数取决于离谓语最近的主语的单、复数形式。)1there be句型当主语是系列事物时，谓语与邻近的主语保持一致。There _ a table and two chairs in the room.房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。There _ two chairs and a table in the room.房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,is,are,2由eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also等词连接并列主语时，谓语动词跟邻近的主语保持一致。如：Neither you nor he _ right.你和他都不对。Either you or I must leave.不是你就是我必须离开。Not only he but also I _.不仅他被邀请了我也被邀请了。,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,is,am invited,考点二意义一致原则(即主、谓语在意义上保持一致关系。)1表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、长度等的复数名词作主语时，通常被看做一个整体，谓语动词用单数。如：Twenty years _ since he left his hometown.他离开家乡有二十年了。Ten dollars _ enough.十美元足够了。2以s结尾的名词(news,maths,physics)本身不表示复数意义，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：I dont think the news in the newspaper _ true.我认为报纸上的这条消息不是真的。,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,has passed,is,is,Maths _ very hard.数学不是很难。3“the形容词”(表示一类人，the poor,the rich,the old,the young等)用作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：The old _ taken good care of in this area.这个地区的老人被照顾得很好。4family,class,team,group等集体名词作主语时，若指一个整体，谓语动词用单数；若指具体成员，谓语动词用复数。如：Class 5 _ the best class in this school.五班是这所学校最好的班级。(整体)Class 5 _ the winners.,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,isnt,are,is,are,五班是胜利者。(具体成员)5people,police等集体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：The police _ the missing child.警察正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。The Chinese people are very friendly.中国人很友好。6“a number of”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：The number of the students in our class _ 50.,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,are looking for,is,我们班学生的数量是五十个。A number of players _ from Japan.一些队员来自日本。7当主语是同位语时，谓语动词要根据同位语的单复数来确定；但用连词and连接的主语是复数。如：Mr Wang,my maths teacher，_ forty years old.王先生，也就是我的数学老师，40岁了。8all,some,none,most,any,the rest、分数或百分数等代词作主语时，若指复数概念，谓语动词用复数；若指单数概念，则谓语动词用单数。如：,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,are/come,is,Some of the work _ by me.一些工作是由我做的。Some of the students _.一些学生学习很努力。9由and连接的并列主语，如果描述同一个人或同一种事物时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如：There is a knife and fork on the table.桌上有一副刀叉。The writer and singer has come to our school.那位作家兼歌手来过我们学校。,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,was done,work hard,考点三语法一致原则(即主、谓语在语法形式上保持一致。)1介词或介词短语作插入语主语后有with/together with/as well as/without/including/besides/except/but等引导的短语作插入语时，谓语动词要与主语一致而与插入语无关。如：Mary with her mother _ now.玛丽正在和她妈妈一起购物。All the students，including Tom，_ going to the park.所有的学生包括汤姆在内都要去公园。,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,is shopping,are,2非谓语动词(不定式、动名词等)短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：Doing a lot of practice is a good way to improve your English.做大量练习是提高你英语的好方法。What I need _ a good book.我需要的是一本好书。3不定代词作主语不定代词something,anything,nothing,everyone,anybody,nobody,each,neither,either,little,much,one等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Someone _ waiting for you.有人在等你。Neither of the answers _ right.两个答案都不对。,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,is,is,is,4常以复数形式出现的名词作主语名词shoes,classes,clothes,trousers等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数。但是，如果这些名词被a pair of 修饰时，谓语动词需用单数。如：The shoes are under the bed.鞋子在床下面。A pair of shoes _under the bed.床下面有一双鞋子。,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,is,5在定语从句中，关系代词that,who,which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致。如：This is the boy who _to see you.这就是想要见你的男孩。The boys who are playing football there _my best friends.正在那儿踢足球的那些男孩是我的好朋友。,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,wants,are,考点过关用所给词的适当形式填空1There _(be)some beef on the plate.2Not only you but also she _(have)been to Paris.3Every day a number of people _(come)to the park.The number of them _(be)about 700.4Fifty dollars _(be)enough.5The rich _(be)not always rich.,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,is,has,come,is,is,are,6Nobody _(like)to be criticized.7Betty with her parents _(be)going camping.8The pair of shoes _(be)very expensive.9Neither we nor she _(have)been to the farm.10Doing morning exercises _(make)us healthy.,语法互动(十二)主谓一致,has,makes,likes,is,is,
