主语从句表语从句同位语从句).ppt
主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句,主语从句,在复合句中充当主语的从句叫做表语从句为了强调主语从句的内容，可以将从句置于句首That you are leaving is a pity.Where he lives is not clear.,大部分主语从句都可以用it做形式主语,1.It is+名词+that 从句Its a pity that we cant go.It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.2.It is+形容词+that 从句It is certain that she will do well in her exam.It is probable that he told her everything,用it做形式主语,3.It+动词+that 从句It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.It happened that I was out that day.(=I happened to be out that day),4.It is+过去分词+that 从句,It is said that Mr Green has arrived in Beijing.It is said that 据说It is reported that据报道It is well-known that It is announced thatIt is believed thatIt is thought that It must be pointed out thatIt must be admitted that,用it做形式主语,5.其他情况It doesnt matter whether she will come or notIt makes no difference where we shall have the meetingIt suddenly occurred to her that she had forgotten to lock the door,当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句时，宜用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句置后,Is it possible that they may complete the task ahead of time?Does it matter that he wont be able to come tomorrow.,当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，宜用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句后置,How strange it is that the students are so quiet!It is strange that the students are so quiet.What a shame it is that you cannot stay for dinner.It is a shame that you cannot stay for dinner,连接代词what,whoever,whatever,whichever 等引导的主语从句不宜用it 做形式主语Is what he told us really true?Whichever of you want to come to our party will be welcome.,使用虚拟语气的主语从句,在 it is suggested/ordered/requested/insisted+that从句中，谓语部分用should+动词原形，should 常被省略It is suggested that we(should)do experiment a second time.在 it is important/natural/necessary+that 从句中It is important that we(should)keep the balance of nature.,在 it is funny/strange/surprising/a pity/a shame/no wonder+that 从句中，有时谓语部分用should+动词原形来表达说话者的感情色彩，此时should 也可省略It is a pity that you(should)miss such a good chance.真遗憾，你竟然失去这么好的机会,表语从句,在复合句中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句，它一般放在系动词之后Be,look,seem,sound,appear等China is no longer what she used to be.The question remains whether they will be able to help us.At that time,it seemed as if I couldnt think of the right word anyhow.,As,as if/though 引导的表语从句,He looked just as he had looked ten years before.It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.,Because/why 引导的表语从句,Thats because he didnt understand me那是因为他不理解我.(强调原因)Thats why he got angry with me那正是他对我生气的原因。（强调结果）,The reason why he was late was_ he missed the train by one minute this morning.A.that B.because C.the fact D.since需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。,使用虚拟语气的表语从句,在表示“建议，劝告，命令”等含义的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should 可以省略。常见的名词有advice,suggestion,order,proposal等My suggestion is that we(should)start early tomorrow.,同位语从句,同位语从句用于表示名词的内容，对其加以解释，通常用that 来引导。He suddenly had an idea that he might borrow some money from his father.The news that Liu Xiang had broken the world record made us excited.The doctor came to the conclusion that the patient was suffering from cancer.,同位语从句,We are very excited at the news that our Chinese athletes won many gold medals.能接同位语从句的名词有:fact,idea,news,conclusion,order,problem,truth,possibility 等,exercises,Combine the sentences using“the fact that”Ann was late.That didnt surprise me.Rosa didnt come.That made me angry.I am a little tired.I feel fine except for that.Many people live in poverty.That must concern all of us.Lily didnt pass the entrance examination.She was not admitted to the university due to that.,同位语从句,The question,whether we need it,has not yet been considered.I have no idea when she will be back.I have no idea which dictionary is hers.同位语从句通常由that引导，但随着与其同位的名词的不同，也可由whether,when,which,who,how,what,why等引出,同位语从句,Weve just heard a warning on the radio that a typhoon may be on its way.The question came up at the meeting whether we had enough money for our research.A new idea occurred to him that it could be done in a very simple way.同位语从句有时不是紧跟在有关的名词后面，而是被其他的词隔开了.,同位语从句和定语从句的区别,意义上：同位语从句对名词加以补充说明，后者对名词进行修饰和限定结构上：前者连接词句子中不担任任何成分，后者由关系词引导，关系词在从句中担任一定成分。The idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong.(同位语从句，that 在句子中不担任成分）The idea that you put forward at the meeting is wrong.(定语从句，that在从句中担任宾语）,使用虚拟语气的同位语从句,在一些表示“建议，命令，要求”等意义的名词后的同位语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”should 可省略。This is our only request that this(should)be settled as soon as possible.,
