中考非谓语动词复习之动词不定式.ppt

,一.不定式是非谓语动词的一种，是在句子中不充当谓语的动词。,非谓语动词之动词不定式,二.动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可不带to。不定式的否定形式是not to+动词原形。,三.不定式在句子中的的用法(1)不定式作名词的用法。在句子中可以充当主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语。,不定式作主语To grow more trees here is very important.=It is very important to grow more trees here.）,To think carefully before you act is necessary.It is necessary for you to think carefully before you act.）,不定式作主语，有一点应注意。短语长，往后移，其位置，it 替,不定式作表语Her dream is to be a lawyer.What they want is to do it at once.,不定式作宾语，用在及物动词之后。常用的及物动词有：want,wish,hope,like,begin,start,help,agree,refuse,promise,learn,forget,know,need,try等。,二巧记接不定式作宾语的动词Hope、wish、want、agree、promise、try、learn、manage、learn、decide、Pretend、choose 三个希望、两答应;设法、学会”做决定假装在选择,必背：下列结构必须使用不带to的动词不定式。had better do.最好还是做 would you please do.请您做would rather do.宁愿做 would sooner do.愿做may just as well do.还是做的好 rather than do.而不是做,不定式作宾语补足语。这类动词很多，例如：ask,want,believe,know,tell,advice,like,feel,help,force,invite,have,make,prefer,notice,order,remind,see,teach,think,expect,enable,cause,choose,allow,persuade等。,1）She adviced him to do so.2）The doctor told me not to go on with the work.3）He reminded me to lock the door when I left.,注意：1、表示感官的动词如see,hear,watch,feel,notice和某些使役动词如let,make,have等，其后作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to。例如：It made me feel thirsty.2、动词help之后，不定式带to或不带to都可以。Will you please help me(to)take this suitcase?,(2)不定式作形容词的用法作定语不定式作定语修饰名词，要放在所修饰的名词之后(又称后置定语)。这类名词经常使用的有:time,way,chance,right(权力)，need(需要)，decision(决定)，opportunity(机会),effort(努力),courage(勇气)，struggle(斗争)等。例如：Mr.Wang is a man to believe in.I think he is a man to depend on.,(3)不定式作副词的用法-作状语。不定式可以在句子中作目的、原因和结果状语。I am sorry to have bothered you.(原因状语)They will come to the city to look for a job.(目的状语)If you are so stupid as to do so,you must expect trouble.（结果状语）,4.动词不定式与疑问词的连用动词不定式可以与疑问词连用构成不定式短语。这些疑问词有：疑问代词what,who,which；疑问副词 how,when,where,why等等。不定式短语可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。,(1)作主语How to control the water pollution is a big problem.如何控制水污染还是一个大问题。(2)作宾语 Tell me why to be late again.告诉我为什么又迟到了。(3)作宾补Can you find out why to do it in this way?你能弄明白为什么要这样做吗?,