《英语文体学要略》Metaphor.ppt

4.3 Transference 转义,4.3.3 Metaphor 隐喻,明喻VS隐喻,明喻就是把要加以描写刻画的事物，通过比喻词与另一种具有鲜明的同一特点的事物联系起来，从而更形象、更深刻说明事理。隐喻是明喻的进一步比喻：它不表露比喻的痕迹，本体与喻体同时出现，即把本体隐藏在喻体内。隐喻比起明喻来，形式更为紧密，意思更为含蓄。,明喻Simile,英语常用的比喻词有as(如)、like(像)、seem(看起来好像)、as if(似乎)、as though(仿佛)、such as(像一样)等。有时还用than(比、胜似)来做更加强调、夸张的比喻词。汉语常用的比喻词有“像、如、犹如、如同、比、好比、似乎、似的、仿佛、犹、若、一样、一般”等等。,I wondered lonely like a cloud.(William Wordsworth)我像一朵浮云独自漫步。Beauty,sweet love,is like the morning dew.(Samuel Daniel)美丽、甜蜜的爱，犹若清晨的露珠。My heart is like a singing bird.(Christina Rossetti)我的心像一只歌唱的鸟。,There be none of Beautys daughtersWith a magic like thee;And like music on the watersIs thy sweet voice to be.(Byron:For Music)没有一个美丽的女儿像你那样富于魅力；对于我，你甜蜜的声音犹如海上飘渺的音乐,He is now as busy as a bee.他现在忙如蜜蜂。He avoided her as if she had an infectious disease.他避开她，好像她有传染病似的。The ruby shall be redder than a red rose,and the sapphire shall be as blue as the great sea.红宝石比红玫瑰还红，蓝宝石像大海一样蓝。,talk like a book 说话文绉绉的drink like a fish 痛饮as fresh as a rose 精神焕发as timid as a mouse 胆小如鼠as quiet as a lamb 像羔羊一样驯良as sharp as a knife 像刀一样锋利as sly as a fox 像狐狸一样狡猾as light as a feather 轻如鸿毛as faithful as a dog 像狗一样忠诚,月色纯净、柔软、和平，如一张睡着的美人的脸。（朱自清一张小小的横幅）微风起时，枫叶便发出轻细的软语，恰像爱人躲在树丛中喁喁情话。（谢冰心爱晚亭）过去的事，一切都同梦幻一般消失。她展眉而笑，宛如轻风拂起湖面的涟漪。（于敏西湖印影）,泉水澄净碧绿，像泻玉泼翠一样。（吴伯箫难老泉）他们上树的本领可真不错，差不多比得上猿猴。（吴伯箫野孩子）新雨之后，苍翠如濯的山岗，云气弥漫，仿佛罩着轻纱的少妇，显得那么忧郁，沉默。（钟梅音乡居闲情）小园里，春色如醇酒。（王怡之绿）返回,隐喻Metaphor,The light music of whisky falling into glasses made an agreeable interlude.(James Joyce)注入酒杯的威士忌就像轻音乐成了宜人的插曲。His eyes were bent fixedly before him and throughout his whole countenance there reigned a stony rigidity.(Edgar Allan Poe)他的眼睛紧盯着他，一脸严肃得像石头。,.a succession of startled substitutes had stood before them,ducked,winced and fled.(Edward Blishen)一连串吓坏了的代课老师曾站在他们的面前，像鸭子一样闪避、退缩、然后就逃走了。A high cold star on a winters night is the word he feels that she says to him.(Stephen Crane)他感到她对他说的话就像高悬在寒冬夜里的一颗寒星。All the worlds a stage.And all the men and women merely players.(Shakespeare)世间是舞台，男女皆演员。,The most sensational place to wear satin is on your lips.（把口红擦在唇上这个最吸引人的地方。）这马上让人联想到一种意境：缎子的光亮、柔滑、轻软、细薄。如果将这种口红涂在唇上，会产生像绸缎般美丽、动人的效果。隐喻使得该广告更具说服力和竞争力。Go for the Gold.这是Gold Seal酒的广告，充分利用了Gold一词的意义，使人觉得该酒像金子一样宝贵，同时使人联想到淘金时代（Rush for the Gold）的韵味。,母亲啊！你是荷叶，你是红莲。（冰心往事）天上有些星星，但大半都不明亮，只有对面的香港成了万颗星点的聚合。（巴金香港之夜）大明湖正是仙女放下来的一面亮晶晶的镜台。（梁容若我看大明湖）妹妹你是水你是清溪里的水。（应修人妹妹你是水）,推荐：1.陈定安英汉修辞与翻译2.英语广告中比喻修辞的运用与翻译策略研究,Thank you!,