过去完成时与现在完成时.ppt
过去完成时,1.基本用法 2.表“过去的过去”的情况 3.与现在完成时的区别 4.与一般过去时的区别,过去完成时,1）过去完成时表示的是在过去某时之前已经完成的动作(即“过去的过去”）Jo discovered that Leslie had lied to her.2）过去完成时表示延续到过去某时的动作(句中有表示过去特定时间的状语）She had been ill for a week before she came back.过去完成时的时间状语常用by和before引导的短语表示，by that time,before 2000,过去完成时表“过去的过去”的情况,1）后跟when,than,before等引导的内含过去一般时的从句，有时从句是全句的重点，如:No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain.I had not gone much farther before I caught them up.我没有走多远就赶上他们了。（如果说Before I had gone much farther,I caught them up.重点则在主句）,2）常用在一般过去时之后的间接引语中，如：He told me that he had seen the film the day before.3）与一般过去时连用，在时间先后方面，有以下情况：The rain had stopped and the air was clean.雨停了，空气清新。（过去完成时先于一般过去时）,As they talked,they had reached a house in a dark street.他们说着话就到了黑暗街道上的一所屋房前。（过去完成时与一般过去时同时）When the book was published,he had become the most popular writer of the time.此书出版以后，他就成为当时最受欢迎的作家了。（过去完成时后于一般过去时）,4）过去完成时也可与过去进行时连用，如：The opera troupe had come,they were preparing for the night show.歌剧团已到，他们正在准备晚上的演出。5）过去完成时也常和另一过去完成时连用，如：She had nursed her farther in that room when she had been but a child.他在那个房间护理过她的父亲，那时她还只是个孩子。,6）过去完成时亦可与现在完成时连用，如：Many high-wire walkers have died on their last step,thingking they had made it.许多走绳索者死在最后一步上，这是他们认为已经表演成功了。（“过去某一时间”表现在thinking)7）正如现在完成时可表示“将来”一样，过去完成时亦可表过去的将来，如：,He said he would come as soon as he dad finished his work.他说一干完活就来。!英语中表“过去的过去”以前的时间，仍用过去完成时，如：She told me shed been happier than shed ever been before.她告诉我这段时间她比以往都要愉快。（第一个had been 表“过去的过去”，第二个had been 表“过去的过去的过去”）,8）表愿望。过去完成时有时用来表一种未实现的愿望或想法，过去的时间往往由一般过去时所表达，如：I had meantto come,but something happened.我本想来，但有事就没有来了。I had intended to speak,but time did not permit.我本想发言，但时间不允许。,9）表强调动作的完成。用来强调一过去时间的动作的完成，并往往有“突然”、“快速”等含义，如：We had then been without sleep for twenty-four hours.这时我们已有24小时没有合眼了。video time,过去完成时与现在完成时的区别,两种时态都常与表示一段时间的状语连用，但现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或与现在有关的动作（句中不可有表示过去特定时间的状语），而过去完成时表示的是在过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去某时的动作（句中有表示过去特定时间的状语），比较下面两个句子：She had been ill for a week before she came back.（生病发生在“过去的过去”）She has been ill for a week.（现在仍在生病）,过去完成时与一般过去时的区别,一般过去时是对现在说话时刻而言的，过去完成时则是对过去某一时刻而言的，比较下面两个句子：When he stopped laughing,everyone left.(他停止笑以后，别人才离开）When he stopped laughing,everyone had left.(在他停止笑以前，别人已经离开）,
