过去分词的各种用法.ppt
过去分词的用法,过去分词用法有：,做表语做定语做宾语补足语做状语,动作特点 被动或者完成,(1)The cup is broken.茶杯破了。(2)He is retired.他已退休。,过去分词作表语,被动,完成,（3）We got moved when we heard the brave deed.当我们听到英勇事迹后很受感动。,被动,过去分词作定语 1.We must adapt ourselves to the changed conditions.我们必须使我们适应改变了的情况。2.The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。,3.过去分词短语有时也可前后常有逗号。The meeting,attended by over five thousandpeople,welcomed the great hero.他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有五千多人。,过去分词作状语(1)Written in a hurry,this article was not so good!因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。,（2）Given another hour,I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。,（3）Caught in a heavy rain,he was all wet.因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。,2.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意人称一致。(1)Given another hour,I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。（given 为过去分词作状语，它的逻辑主语为主句主语 I，即 I 被再给一个小时。）(2)Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful to us.从山顶看城市，城市显得更漂亮。（seen 为过去分词作状语，表“被看”，由语境可知，它的逻辑主语必须是城市，而不是“我们”，因为“我们”应主动看城市。）,【注意】如果过去分词作状语时，前面再加逻辑主语，主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构。(1)The signal given,the bus started.信号一发出，汽车就开动了。（the signal 是 given 的逻辑主语，因此主句主语 the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语。(2)Her head held high,she went by.她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。（her head 是 held high 的逻辑主语，因此主句主语 she 就不再是held high 的逻辑主语。）,3.过去分词作状语来源于状语从句。(1)Caught in a heavy rain,he was all wet.因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。(caught in a heavy rain 为过去分词短语作原因状语，它来源于原因状语从句 Because he was caught in a heavy rain.)(2)Grown in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。(grown in rich soil 为过去分词作条件状语，它来源于条件状语从句 If these seeds are grown in rich soil.,【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词，构成“连词过去分词”结构作状语。When given a medical examination,you should keep calm.当你做体格检查时要保持镇定。4.过去分词作状语的位置。过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语，后面有逗号与主句隔开；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开。He stood there silently,moved to tears.=Moved to tears,he stood there silently.他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。,1.以往历史上每一种伟大的文化，都在艺术和建筑之中对审美观念有其独到的见解。Every great culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty expressed in art and architecture.2.他们要把自己的建筑建成不和自然的模 样。They wanted their buildings constructed in a way to look unnatural.,3.他只想用建筑材料。He only wanted natural materials to be used.4.Frank Lloyd Wright 发现自己的灵感来自 于日本的海贝壳。Frank Lloyd Wright found himself inspired by Japanese seashells.5.我听到我们学校里有人唱歌。I heard the song sung in our school.,过去分词作宾语补足语（一）能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类：1.表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see,watch,observe,look at,hear,listen to,feel,notice,think等。(1)I heard the song sung in English.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。（过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard；）(2)He found his hometown greatly changed.他发现他的家乡变化很大。（过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found）,2.表愿望，想法的动词want,should like,would like等 I want my eggs fried.我想要煎鸡蛋。Id like LiLei invited too.我也想邀请李雷。,3.表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have,make,get,keep,leave,make等。(1)Ill have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要理发。(2)He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.他昨天把牙拔了。(3)Dont leave those things undone.要把那些事情做完。【注意】过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。,“with 宾语过去分词”结构“with 宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：(1)The murderer was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back.凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式）(2)With water heated,we can see the steam.水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）(3)With the matter settled,we all went home.事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因）(4)She stood in front of him,with her eyes fixed on his face.她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他。(5)He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。,1你认识那个穿着红衣服的妇女吗？2舒服地坐在椅子上，他在沉思。3给予更多的关心的话，这些树会长得更好。4他作了自我介绍，以便使自己被大家认识。5昨天，我把衣服让人洗了。6上周一，我看到你兄弟被一个陌生人打了。7将书合上背诵这篇课文。8我提高了声音以便使自己被听见。9如果被问及，你不要说我在家里。,10你参加了昨天举行的会议吗？11我想把这封信寄出去。12我们没有足够的食物吃的日子一去部复返了。13我们必须适应改变了的形式。14他们在看足球比赛，兴奋而又满意。15他说爬山很累。但是我一点也不累。16即使在森林里迷路了，他也不担心。,
