大学英语四级段落翻译技巧.ppt

大学英语四级段落翻译,2015年4月27日,段落翻译（汉译英）,新改革后翻译题型:测试学生把汉语所承载的信息用英语表达出来的能力。分值比例：15%考试时间：30分钟。内容：中国历史、文化、经济、社会发展长度：140-160个汉字；,大学英语四级考试新题型评分标准 档次 评 分 标 准13-15分 译文准确表达了原文的意思。用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。10-12分 译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。7-9分 译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词欠准确，语言错 误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误。4-6分 译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思。用词不准确，有相当多的严重语言错误。1-3分 译文支离破碎。除个别词语或句子，绝大部分文字 没有表达原文意思。0分 未作答，或只有几个孤立的词，或译文与原文毫不 相关。,例文,许多人喜欢中餐。在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看。烹饪技术和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物，肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡。所以中餐美味又健康。Many people enjoy Chinese food.Cooking is looked upon as an art as well as a skill in China.A carefully prepared Chinese dish is not only delicious to eat but also beautiful to look at.Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the country.But good cooking does have something in common.It always takes into account color,flavor,taste and nutrition.As food is vital to health,good cooks always strive to strike a balance between grains,meats and vegetables,so Chinese dishes are both delicious and healthy.,14分（13-15分）：译文准确表达了原文的意思。用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。（有少量不明显的小错，如冠词、单复数、时态、介词、用语不确切等。2处，15分；5处，14分；7处左右13分。）（14分参考译文）Many people enjoy Chinese food.In China,cooking is not only viewed as a skill but also regarded as a form of art.A carefully-prepared Chinese dinner can be both tasty and good-looking.While cooking skills and the ingredients differ largely from place to place in China,fine cooking always has something in common,that is the consideration of color,flavor,taste and nutrition.Since food is vital to the health,a fine cook is always trying to achieve a balance between cereals,meat and vegetables.Therefore,the Chinese food is both delicious and healthy.,11分（10-12分）：译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字基本通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。（有1个严重错句，12分；3处明显的语言错误，11分；4处，10分）。（11分参考译文）Many people like Chinese food.In China,cooking is regarded not only as a kind of skill but also as a kind of art.Chinese food,which is prepared carefully,is both delicious and good-looking.Cooking skills and ingredients differ greatly from place to place in China.However,good cooking shares one thing in common:color,taste,feel and nutrition are always under consideration.Since food is of vital importance to health,good cooks are always trying to be balanced with grain,meat and vegetables.As a result,Chinese food is delicious and healthy.,8分（7-9分）：译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词欠准确，语言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误。（5个句子正确或基本正确，9分；4个句子正确或基本正确，8分；3个句子正确或基本正确，7分）。（8分参考译文）Many people love Chinese food.In China,cooking is not only regarded as a kind of skill,but also art.Well-prepared Chinese dishes taste good besides look good.There is a big different in cooking skills and ingredients between different parts of China.But one thing which is common in good dishes is that they all consider about the color,the tasting and the nutrition.As food is so important to health,good cookers always try to make a balance between corn,meat and vegetables.As a result,Chinese dishes are delicious and healthy.,5分（4-6分）：译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思。用词不准确，有相当多的严重语言错误。（内容基本表达，有2个句子正确6分；1个句子正确5分；没有一个正确句子，但有两三个句子有小错4分。）（5分参考译文）Many people like Chinese food.Cooking is not only a skill but also it is a kind of art.It is delicious and beautiful that Chinese meals are careful prepared.It is differently in cooking and material beside in Chinese.But,good meals have a common point which color teast and nutrition are though about.Then a good cooker is always trying their best to balance it from meat vegetable and so on.Therefore,Chinese meals are delicious and healthy.,2分（1-3分）：译文支离破碎。除个别词语或橘子，绝大部分文字没有表达原文意思。（内容基本表达，但所有的句子都有错误或严重错误。严重错误少的给3分，多的给2分。）（2分参考译文）Many people like China food.In China,only a technolege make food,and also an artist.Good food is eated fine and seems fine.How make food and make the food need what is different in different place in China.But make food good just only thing the foods color taste,feel make people and nutrition.Food is importand for health,so good people that make food is use more power for better on meat and vegitable,so Chinese food is taste good and more health.,翻译标准,严复信 忠实原文（真）达 译文通顺（至）雅 文采（文学性）信达最重要,翻译方法,1.阅读原文，理解原文，获得总体印象。2.翻译原文句子，找框架（主谓宾+定状补）+词汇/固定搭配+时态。正确断句，合句，找准主语。理解原文中的语言现象和逻辑关系，注意汉英两种语言的不同表达习惯，综合翻译技巧进行翻译。3.修改，对译文修正、加工、润饰。第一步：对照原文修改，思想是否准确表达；有无漏译、错译、曲解的地方；译文语言是否通顺。第二步：脱离原文，反复阅读修改。前后有无矛盾、重复的地方，有无逻辑不通的地方。,热词积累,发展/增长最快 develop/increase at the fastest speed迅速增长/发展 grow/develop quickly/rapidly，the rapid increase of 流行 popular/popularity出于原因 for the purpose of/forreason不同于 different from 广泛使用 use widely 差别很大 differ greatly/vary widely至关重要 be vital to/be of great significance独特的 distinctive/unique/typical有特殊意义 be of special significance新趋势 a new trend 据记载 according to historical records/a recorded history of/it is recorded that.,由于,归因于 due to,owing to,be attributed to丰富知识 enrich ones knowledge 拓宽视野 broaden ones horizon/vision最近调查显示 According to a recent survey,The latest/recent survey shows特色 feature,characteristic提供机会 offer opportunities to/for纪念 commemorate,in memory of 象征 a symbol for/symbolize重视 attach importance to;lay/place great emphasis on/a priority/value highly/pay attention to,练习1,狮舞（Lion Dance）是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈之一。狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视为是能带来好运的吉祥物（mascot）。古人将狮子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护人类。据记载，狮舞已拥有了2,000多年的历史。在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），狮舞就已经被引入了皇室。因此，舞狮成为元宵节（the Lantern Festival）和其他节日的习俗，人们以此来祈祷好运、平安和幸福。,答案,The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folkdances in China.The lion is the king of animals.InChinese tradition,the lion is regarded as a mascot,which can bring good luck.Ancient peopleregarded the lion as a symbol of braveness andstrength,which could drive away evil and protecthumans.The dance has a recorded history of morethan 2,000 years.During the Tang Dynasty,the LionDance was already introduced into the royal familyof the dynasty.Therefore,performing the lion danceat the Lantern Festival and other festive occasionsbecame a custom where people could pray for goodluck,safety and happiness.,练习2,端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终投河自尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。,答案,The Duanwu Festival,also called the Dragon BoatFestival,is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan.Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister,whobrought peace and prosperity to the state but ended updrowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinousdumplings into the water,hoping that the fishes ate thedumplings instead of Qu Yuans body.For thousands ofyears,the festival has been marked by glutinousdumplings and dragon boat races,especially in thesouthern provinces where there are many rivers andlakes.,