定冠词和不定冠词的用法及therebe句型.ppt
冠词,Articles,冠词的用法,冠词的相关练习,第二次课,冠词,不定冠词,aan,冠词的分类,定冠词,the,含义：冠词是一种虚词，不能独立担任一个成分，只能附着在一个名词上，帮助说明其词义。,一:不定冠词：“a”“an”a用在以辅音音素读音开头的单前 an用在以元音音素读音开头的单词前Eg:_book _ egg _ useful book _ underground room,冠词的分类,不定冠词的用法,1.基本用法：指人或事物的某一种类,e.g.She is a girl.她是女孩 This is a desk.这是一张书桌,2.泛指某人或者某物，但又不具体说明何人何物,e.g.I can see a kite.我能看见一只风筝 A boy is in Grade 1.一个男孩在一年级,3.表示“数量”，“有一”“每一”的意思相当于every，one,e.g.We have six classes a day.我们一天上六节课,4.表示“同一”,相当于the samee.g The two boys are of _ age.,an,5.用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事e.g A Mr.Li is asking to see you at the school gate.,6.用于某些物质名词或抽象名词前,表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵”.用于固定词组中;e.g That is _ green tea.They were caught in _ heavy rain 7:用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后e.g This room is rather a big one.What a nice weather.,不定冠词用法总结,定冠词“the”的用法,1：“特指”特指某（些）人或者某（些）事物，以便与其他的人或物有所区别 e.g.The book on the desk is Jims.书桌上的那本书是吉姆的 The chairs are there.椅子在那里 2：用于世上独一无二的事物名词前e.g.the sun the sky the moon the earth,3：指谈话双方都知道的人或事物或在叙述中，上文提到过的人或者事物，再次出现时e.g.Where is the kite?风筝在哪儿？（双方都知道指的是哪只风筝）Open the door,please.请把门打开（双方都知道要打开哪扇门）e.g.：I can see a kite.我看见一只风筝：where is the kite?这个风筝在那里？4：用在表示乐器的名词之前e.g.the violin the piano,5：用于形容词和分词前表示一类人the rich,the living,the wounded6：用在姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇”；e.g.the Blacks 布来克一家 7：用在序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前e.g.I live on the second floor.我住在二楼 Skating is the best sport in winter.滑冰是冬天最好的运动 8：用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛，建筑物和旅馆的的名词前The Palace Museum The Summer Palace,9.用在一些习惯用语中,e.g.in the day in the morning/afternoon/evening the next morning/week/month/year in the end by the way go to the cinema,定冠词用法总结,There be 句型,There be 句型的用法：表示某个地方存在某物或某人，Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。单数is 复数are 房间里有一张桌子。There is a table in the room.树上有很多鸟。There are some birds on the tree.,一、There be 句型的结构：（一）There is+单数可数名词+地点状语 例：There is a ruler on the desk.（二）There are+复数主语+地点状语 例：There are four apples on the tree.There are some flowers in the park.,（三）there is+不可数名词+地点状语（即使有some 也是单数）例：There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。（水是不可数名词）（常见的不可数名词water,oil,milk,rice,juice,bread,cheese,tea,ink）,Exercise()1.There anything new in todays newspaper.A.is B.are C.isnt D.arent()2.there books on the shelf？A.area B.is a C.have some D.areany()3.There many elephants in Africa.A.is B.has C.are D.have,2.There be选择就近原则：There be句型的就近原则是There be句型中语法项目的重点考点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由最挨近的一项的单复数决定。如：There is a pen,two books and many pencils on the desk.在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔，但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen，因此，be动词用单数is。,Exercise()1.Theres eraser on desk.A.anthe B.thea C.thethe D.an/()2.There some milk,some eggs and a few apples on the table.A.is B.are C.has D.have,二、There be 句型的疑问句及回答（一）There be 句型的疑问 1.在“There is/are.”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。难点:句中出现的some要改成any。2.肯定回答为：Yes,there is/are.3.否定回答为:No,there isnt/arent.,二、There be 句型的疑问句及回答（一）There be 句型的疑问 1.在“There is/are.”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。难点:句中出现的some要改成any。2.肯定回答为：Yes,there is/are.3.否定回答为:No,there isnt/arent.,例句 可数名词单数1.肯定句There is an apple on the tree.疑问句 Is there an apple on the tree?肯定回答:Yes,there is.否定回答:No,there isnt.可数名词复数2.肯定句There are five pens on the desk.疑问句Are there five pens on the desk?肯定回答:Yes,there are.否定回答 No,there arent.不可数名词的时候 3.肯定句 There is some water in the cup.（水是不可数名词）否定句 Is there any water in the cup?肯定回答:Yes,there is.否定回答:No,there isnt.,三、There be 句型的否定形式（一）There be 句型的否定：否定形式只要在be动词后面加not即可，is not=isnt are not=arent但要注意的是句中如果出现some则改成any.1.There is a knife in the kitchen.否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.2.There are five apples on the tree.否定:There are not five apples on the tree.3.There is some ink in the bottle.否定:There is not any ink in the bottle.（ink是墨水，不可数名词）4.There are some birds singing in the tree.否定:There are not any birds singing in the tree.,
