非谓语动词解题步骤学习精华各种形式表格讲课模板.ppt

,完成式,/,进行式,to do(将来),一般式,被动,主动,时间性,to be done,to be doing/同时,to have done/完成,to have been done,完成式,一般式,被动形式,主动形式,doing/同时,being done,having done/完成,having been done(只作状语),时间性,done,1.搭配(优 先),2.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,1.一般 2.同时进行 3.将来 4.已完成,解题 步骤:,（动宾/介宾）表语 宾语补足语 定语（前置/后置）状语,非谓语动词 充当 句子成分:主语 谓语 宾语,非谓语动词作状语/定语/with 结构，先判断逻辑关系,非谓语 解题 步骤,非谓语动词 内涵（特征）1.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,非谓语 解题 步骤,非谓语动词 内涵（特征）1.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,由谓语动词搭配决定1.其逻辑关系名词：句子主语2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,外 延 一：,外 延 二：,二.不由谓语动词搭配决定,与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,非谓语 解题 步骤,非谓语动词 内涵（特征）1.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,由谓语动词搭配决定1.其逻辑关系名词：句子主语2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,外 延 一：,外 延 二：,二.不由谓语动词搭配决定,与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,完成式,/,进行式,to do(将来),一般式,被动,主动,时间性,to be done,to be doing/同时,to have done/完成,to have been done,完成式,一般式,被动形式,主动形式,doing/同时,being done,having done/完成,having been done(只作状语),时间性,done,1.搭配(优 先),2.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,1.一般 2.同时进行 3.将来 4.已完成,解题 步骤:,（动宾/介宾）表语 宾语补足语 定语（前置/后置）状语,非谓语动词 充当 句子成分:主语 谓语 宾语,非谓语动词作状语/定语/with 结构，先判断逻辑关系,17.The research is so designed and prepared that once _ nothing can be done to change it.A begins B having begun C begun,(the research is)begun,begin(Vt)the research,to be done,to be doing,to have done,to have been done,doing,being done,having done,having been done(只作状语),时间性,done,1.搭配(优 先),2.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,1.一般 2.同时进行 3.将来 4.已完成,解题 步骤:,Sandy could do nothing but _(admit)_(make)a mistake.,admit,making,could do(形式不变)nothing but do(具体动词)sthadmit doing,He is said _(write)a new book(now),but when he can finish it is unknown.,to be writing,-He is said _ a book about the Civil War.-I have already read it.,to have written,A:They seem _(get)along quite well(now).B:Yes,they are good friends.,to be getting,seem to do sth,非谓语 解题 步骤,非谓语动词 内涵（特征）1.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,由谓语动词搭配决定1.其逻辑关系名词：句子主语2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,外 延 一：,外 延 二：,二.不由谓语动词搭配决定,与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,_(see)from space,our earth,with water _(cover)70%of its surface,appears as a“blue planet”.,Seen,非谓语动词作状语/定语/with 结构，先判断逻辑关系,covering,Dont speak unless _(speak)to.,(_)Dont speak unless(_)_(speak)to.,spoken,You,you are,_(surround)by children,the old man sat under the tree,_(tell)an interesting story.,Surrounded,telling,非谓语动词作状语，先判断逻辑关系,The old man is telling an interesting story,_(很多孩子围着他）,with many children surrounding him,The smell of cooking meat filled the air【surrounding him】.,_ little kids,the old man felt gay(adj.happy),telling an interesting story.the little kid,the old men felt gay,listening to his interesting story.,Surrounded by,Surrounding,完成式,/,进行式,to do(将来),一般式,被动,主动,时间性,to be done,to be doing/同时,to have done/完成,to have been done,完成式,一般式,被动形式,主动形式,doing/同时,being done,having done/完成,having been done(常作状语),时间性,done,1.搭配(优 先),2.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动,1.一般 2.同时进行 3.将来 4.已完成,解题 步骤:,（动宾/介宾）表语 宾语补足语 定语（前置/后置）状语,非谓语动词 充当 句子成分:主语 谓语 宾语,18._ from heart trouble for years,Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A.Suffering B.Having suffered,3.分析与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,Having suffered,3.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:having done 明显的时间差距,完成式,/,进行式,to do(将来),一般式,被动,主动,时间性,to be done,to be doing/同时,to have done/完成,to have been done,完成式,一般式,被动形式,主动形式,doing/同时,being done,having done/完成,having been done(常作状语),时间性,done,1.搭配(优 先),2.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动,1.一般 2.同时进行 3.将来 4.已完成,解题 步骤:,（动宾/介宾）表语 宾语补足语 定语（前置/后置）状语,非谓语动词 充当 句子成分:主语 谓语 宾语,3.分析与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,The experiment _ by scientists in New York turned out to be a great success.A having been conducted B conducted,conducted,定语(后置),1._(not know)much English,he took out the English dictionary.2.The _(injure)man is looking forward to _(give)some medicine.3._(finish)his exercises,he handed into the teacher.4.What is the way he thought of _(earn)money.5._(make)himself _(hear),he had his voice _(raise).6.Which do you enjoy _(spend)your holiday,fishing or skating?,Not knowing,injured,being given,Having finished,to earn,To make,heard,raised,to spend,7.With so much homework _(do),he has to give up_(watch)TV.8.When I passed by his classroom,I saw him _(seat)by the desk,_(read)a novel _(write)by a famous writer _(call)Luxun.9.He had us _(wait)for hours,which made us _(feel)unhappy.10._(paint)white again,the old house _(build)years ago looks new.,to do,watching,seated,reading,written,called,waiting,feel,Having been painted/Painted,built,11.When _(tell)that he had failed the exam,he felt _(disappoint).12.He got up late this morning,_(miss)the early bus.13._(taste)bad,the fish was left on the plate,unfinished.14.His_(defeat)in the football match made him sad.15.I suggest her _(send)to hospital immediately to have her _(examine).16.I wont attend his birthday party unless_(invite).,told,disappointed,missing,Tasting,being defeated,being sent,examined,invited,17.I am fond of _(read)the books _(write)by Shakespeare.18.The whole society should care about the patients _(expose)to some deadly diseases.19.Afraid of _(attack)by the church,he had his theory _(publish)when he lay lying.20.He showed an _(excite)look at the news.,reading,written,exposed,being attacked,published,excited,1.搭 配(优 先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,分析句子结构,1.一般2.同时进行3.将来/后来4.已完成,4.其他:,done 形式的形容词,非谓语 解题 步骤,1.搭 配(优 先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,分析句子结构,1.一般 2.同时进行3.将来/后来 4.已完成,4.其他:,done 形式的形容词,非谓语 解题 步骤,1.搭 配(优 先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,1.一般 2.同时进行 3.将来 4.已完成,非谓语 解题 步骤,1.搭 配(优 先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,分析句子结构,1.一般 2.同时进行3.将来/后来 4.已完成,4.其他:,done 形式的形容词,非谓语 解题 步骤,Generally speaking,_ according to the directions,the drug has no side effect（副作用）.A when taking B when taken C when to be taken,when taken,1.搭 配(优 先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,分析句子结构,1.一般 2.同时进行3.将来/后来 4.已完成,4.其他:,done 形式的形容词,非谓语 解题 步骤,Laws(that punish parents for their childrens actions against the laws)get parents _.worried B.to worry C.worry,worried,形容词,1.搭 配(优 先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,分析句子结构,1.一般 2.同时进行3.将来/后来 4.已完成,4.其他:,done 形式的形容词,非谓语 解题 步骤,-Why did you go back to the shop?-I left my friend there _.A.to wait B.waiting C.wait,leave/keep sb doing:使某人保持某种状态,waiting,1.搭 配(优 先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,分析句子结构,1.一般 2.同时进行3.将来/后来 4.已完成,4.其他:,done 形式的形容词,非谓语 解题 步骤,He looked around and caught the man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A.put Bto put C.putting,putting,1.catch sb doing sth,2.改为 被动句,做非谓语动词题,可分四步分析:一、分析句子结构A.Having been told B.ToldC.He was told D.Though he was told1._many times,but he still couldnt understand it.2._many times,he still couldnt understand it.,分析：句1.用连词but 引导并列句子，因此，前面也是个独立句子，故选C。句2.句中用逗号隔开，且无连词引导，因此，前面不是句子结构，只是句子的一个成分，故选A，用非谓语动词作状语。,3.A 4.E 5.C,3._to the left,youll find the post office.4.If you _to the left,youll find the post office.5._to the left and youll find the post office.Turning B.To turn C.Turn D.Turned E.turn,1.I dont know whether you happen,but Im going to study in the U.S.A.this September.Ato be heard Bto be hearing Cto hear Dto have heard,2.-Is Bob still performing?-Im afraid not.He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official.to have left B.to leave C.to have been left D.to be left,3.His voice made me _ terrible.A.To feel B.feel C.feels D.felt4.I really cant understand _ her like that.A.you treat B.you to treat C.why treat D.you treating,二、分析逻辑主语非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语。1._no buses,we have to walk home.2._Sunday I shall have a quiet day at home.A.There being B.It were C.There were D.It being,分析：句1.表示“没有公共汽车”，应用“there be”结构，即逻辑主语是“the buses”，故选A。句 2.同理选D。,三、分析语态分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。1._from space,the earth looks blue.2._from space,we can see the earth is blue.A.Seen B.Seeing C.To see D.See,这两个题选项中的非谓语动词都没有加自己的逻辑主语,因此其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。分析：句1.“地球被看”，表被动，故选A，用过去分词表被动。句2.我们“主动看”即表主动，故选B。,3.The dirty clothes _,the girl hung them up outside.4._ the dirty clothes,the girl hung them up outside.A.was washed B.washed C.were washed D.having washed,分析：句3.前面应用非谓语动词作句子的状语，逻辑主语是“the dirty clothes”，和动词搭配表示“衣服被洗”，故选B。句4.逻辑主语为句子的主语“the girl”，表示“女孩洗衣服”，为主动关系，故选D。,四、分析时间性:在选定了主动或被动后，还要考虑动作发生的时间问题，即时态。1.The building _now will be a restaurant.2.The building _next year will be a restaurant.3.The building _last year is a restaurant.A.having been built B.to be builtC.being built D.built,句1中 now 说明大楼正在被修，用进行式，选C。句2中next year 说明大楼将在明年被修，故用表将来的不定式，选B。句3中 last year 说明大楼已被修，但不能选A，因为现在分词的完成式不能作定语，故用过去分词，选D。,1.He stood there_for his mother.2._for two hours,he went away.A.waiting B.to wait C.waited D.Having waited,句1表示“站在那等”，两个动词同时发生，故选A作伴随状语。句2表示已经等了两个小时，发生在谓语动词“went away”之前，故用完成式，选D。注意:非谓语动词的否定都应将not 放在前面。What is the reason for _there?A.not your going B.not your goC.your not going D.you not to go,1._,the work can be done much better.A.Given more time B.We had been given more time C.More time given D.If more time had given2._from space,the earth,with water _seventy percent of its surface,looks like a blue ball.A.Seen;covered B.Seeing;coveringC.Seeing;covered D.Seen;covering3.People always shake hands with each other when _.A.to introduce B.introduce C.introduced D.introducing,4._,tears ran down her pale face.A.No word said B.Say no wordC.Not saying a word D.Without saying a word5.We must take measures to prevent our earth _.A.to be polluted B.from pollutingC.from being polluted D.from polluted6.As the stone was too heavy to move,I left it _ on the ground.A.laying B.lay C.lying D.lain.,16 CDCAC C,