必修四第二单元词汇学习.ppt
Learning key words and expressions in unit 2,1.struggle vi.斗挣,努力,拼搏Eg:We should learn to struggle with difficulties.我们应该学会和困难作斗争。They were struggling to get out the burning car.他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。She struggled up the stairs with her heavy bags.她提着沉重的行李艰难地走上楼梯。搭配 struggle against 与斗争，为反对而斗争，struggle for 为争取而斗争,2.expand vtvi 使变大；伸展,eg:Metals expand when they are heated.金属受热则膨胀。The chair expands to form a bed.椅子展开形成一张床。搭配：expand into 把扩展/膨胀为His studio was expanded into a big company.他的工作室扩大规模而成为一家大公司了。拓展：expansion n 扩大；扩张；扩展,3.thanks to幸亏;由于;因为Eg:Thanks to your help，much trouble was saved.多亏你的帮助,减少了许多麻烦。拓展:thanks to=because of 由于 多亏Thanks to your support,we won the game.由于交通堵塞我迟到了。_,Thanks to the traffic,I was late.,4.ridof 使摆脱/清除rid a house of mice 清除室内老鼠rid oneself of debt 还清债务rid sb./sth.of 摆脱某事/人You must rid yourself of these old-fashioned ideas.你必须摆脱这些陈腐观念的束缚。Hes gone,and Im glad to be rid of him.get rid of 摆脱类似用法动词 inform/warn/cureof,5.be satisfied with 对表示满足或满意Eg:Youve done well at school.Im very satisfied with you.你在学校干得不错，我对你很满意。【考点聚焦】1）近义词组:be content with同根词:satisfy vt.满足;使满意;satisfaction n.满意；满足2）be satisfied to do对做感到满意。如：He was satisfied to win the race.他对赢得赛跑感到满意。,6.would rather 宁愿，宁可Hed rather work in the countryside.用法1：would ratherthan 宁愿而不，与其不如I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.,用法2：would rather than=would ratherthanFacing the enemies,our soldiers would die rather than surrender.面对敌人,我们的战士宁死不屈。,7.therefore adv.因此;所以;因而,Eg:we dont have enough money and therefore we cant afford the new car.我们的钱不够，因而买不成这辆新车。拓展：therefore 指“因此，所以”，正式用语，常用于数学、逻辑和其他精密的推论中，用以表示严密的推理。Eg:he was the only candidate;therefore,he was elected.他是唯一的候选人，因此，他当选了。so指“于是，因此”，用于简洁的会话和日常的文化中，推论不必严密。He was ill,so he didnt come.因为他病了，所以没来。,8.export v./n.出口 import v./n.进口Eg:China exports to many foreign countries.中国向许多国家出口物资。We export goods to over 40 different countries.The import of cotton goods went up sharply in 1986.在1986年,棉织品的进口猛增。,9.regret vt 遗憾；惋惜 n 遗憾；懊悔,Eg:I deeply regret what I said.我非常后悔说了那些话。I regret spending so much money on a car.我后悔在车上花了那么多钱。She expressed her regret at the decision.她对这个决定表示遗憾。拓展：regrettful adj 后悔的；遗憾的 regrettable adj 可惜的；令人遗憾的,10.build up 逐渐增强;建立;开发,Eg:Try and build up confidence a bit.试试让他增进自信。Good food builds up the body.好的食物使身体更加强壮。Shes built up a very successful business.她创办的生意很红火。,11.lead to 导致；造成(后果)；通向,Eg:The discussion led to a big fight.那场讨论结果引起了一阵大吵。Eatting too much can lead to health problem.吃太多会引起健康问题。All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。联想：result in 导致 bring about 导致,12.focus n 焦点；中心点vt 集中；聚焦 focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于,Eg:Please focus your minds on the following questions.请集中精力思考下列问题。Each exercise focuses on a different point.每个练习都有不同的重点。I cant focus my thought today.今天我的思想集中不起来。The photograph is out of focus.这张照片焦点没对准。,13.reduce v.减少；缩小 同义词:decrease 反义词:increase 搭配：reduce sth.from to 某事从减少到 reduce sth.by 某事减少了.Costs have been reduced by 20%over the past year.过去的一年,各项费用已经减少了20,reduce v.reduction n.1)Out of work,he is _(reduce)to begging.2)She managed to buy the cell-phone _ a reduction of 80%.,reduced,at,be reduced to 沦落到 at a reduction of 打了的折扣 make a reduction 打折扣,14.keepfree from/of 使免受(影响；伤害);使不含(有害物),Eg:Keep the children free from/of harm.别让孩子们受到伤害。we should keep the river free from/of pollution.我们应避免这条河受到污染。Eatting well and good exercise keep you free from/of cold.健康的饮食和锻炼使你远离感冒。,15.Comment n 评论；议论 vivt 表达意见；作出评论,Eg:Do you have any comments?你有什么评论吗？Everyone commented on her new car.大家都在评论她的新车。搭配：No comment!无可奉告！,Good bye!,Thank you for your attention!,
