必修五unit5语法：从句中的省略.ppt

省略,复 合 句 中 的 省 略,一、状语从句中的省略 由when，while，as,once，whenever引导的时间状语从句；或由if，unless引导的条件状语从句；由though，although，even if，even though引导的让步状语从句；由as though，as if，as引导的方式状语从句；由wherever引导的地点状语从句，若从句的主句是it或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有be时，常省略从句的主语和be。,(1)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be,这时从句中可出现如下结构:连词(as,as if,once+名词)Once(he was)a teacher,he now works in a government office.连词(though,whether,when)+形容词Work hard when(you are)young,or youll regret.连词(when,while,though)+现在分词 While(I was)walking along the street,I heard my name called.连词(when,if,even if,unless,once,until,than,as)+过去分词连词(as if,as though)+不定式He opened his mouth as if(he were)to speak.,高考链接：1.When first _ to the market,these products enjoyed great success.A.introducing B.introduced C.introduce D.being introduced 2.Unless _ to speak,you should remain silent at the conference.A.invited B.inviting C.being invited D.having invited,B,A,3.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction.A.seeing B.having seen C.to have seen D.to see 4.Generally speaking,_ according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.A.when taking B.when taken C.when to take D.when to be taken,D,B,5.Unless _ to speak,you should remain silent at the conference.A.invited B.inviting C.being invited D.having invited 6.When _,the museum will be open to the public next year.A.completed B.completing C.being completed D.to be completed,A,A,7.Though _ money,his parents man-aged to send him to university.A.lacked B.lacking of C.lacking D.lacked in 8.The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.A.begins B.having begun C.beginning D.begun,C,D,(2)当从句主语是 It,谓语动词有含有系动词be时,可以把 it系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词（if，unless,when，whenever）+形容词的结构。如：Unless（it is）necessary，youd better not refer to the dictionary.另外,我们还可以用so或not代替上文内容,此时可有if+so/not。Get up early tomorrow.If not(you dont get up early),you will miss the early bus.He may not be at home then,if so(he is not at home),leave him a note.(3)在than或asas引导的从句中,常含有一些成分在上下文清楚的情况下被省略。He has made greater progress than(he did)before/ever.He came home earlier than(he was)expected.She works as hard as young people.,二、在限定性定语从句中 作宾语的关系代词that，which,whom可以省略；在以the same.as和such.as引导的定语从句中，可以省略与主句相同的部分；the way后面的定语从句中，可以省略that，in which；在含被动语态的定语从句中，关系代词作主语时，可以省略关系代词和be,省略之后,变成过去分词短语作定语。,高考链接：9.You re always working.Come on,lets go shopping._ you ever want to do is going shopping.A.Anything B.Something C.All D.That 10.Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A.he explained B.what he explained C.how he explained D.why he explained,C,A,11.What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which 12.It is easy to do the repair._ you need is a hammer and some nails.A.Something B.All C.Both D.Everything 13.Thats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after _ hes done for you.A.something B.anything C.all D.that,A,A,C,三、宾语从句中的省略,3.及物动词后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。They said(that)she was a beautiful girl and that she was clever.,不定式省略,单独使用不定式符号to在 expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,seem,try,want,wish，afford等后面。如:I asked him to see the film，but he didnt want to.在have,need,ought,be going,used等后面。在某些形容词pleased,glad,happy，eager，ready，willing等后面。-Will you join the game?-Id be glad to.否定形式的省略用not to。如果不定式中含有be,have,have been,通常保留be,have,和have been。如:-He hasnt finished yet.-Well,he ought to have.,在see，watch，hear，feel，observe，notice，listen to等感官动词或短语及make，have，let等使役动词之后cant/couldnt help but do sth.只好做某事（have no choice but to do sth.),Have you ever been to the seaside?-No,we cant afford to(go to the seaside).,高考链接：14.As youve never been there before,Ill have someone _ you the way.A.to show B.show C.showing D.showed 15.Ill be away on a business trip.Would you mind looking after my cat?Not at all,_.A.I have no time B.Id rather not C.Id like it D.Id be happy to 16.Does your brother intend to study German?Yes,he intends _.A./B.to C.so D.that,B,D,B,17.Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight?_.A.Yes,Id like to go to the Grand Theatre B.Id like to,but I have an exam tomorrow C.No,I wont D.Thats right 18.You should have thanked her before you left.I meant _,but when I was leaving I couldnt find her anywhere.A.to do B.to C.doing D.doing to,B,B,在if引导的虚拟条件句中 在if引导的虚拟语气条件句中含有had，were，should时，可以把had，were，should放在句首，省略if。,高考链接：19._ it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will 20._ for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.A.If it is not B.Were C.Had it not been D.If they were not,B,C,在否定结构中 由nor，neither等引导的连续否定的句子也是一种省略句，这种句子在意思上与前面的句子是相同的，而且主谓用倒装。,高考链接：21.I didnt know what was on his mind at the time,nor did _.A.anyone B.anyone else C.no one D.no one else 22.Of the making of good books there is no end;neither _ any end to their influence on mans lives.A.there is B.there are C.is there D.are there,B,C,23.I would never come to this restaurant again.The food is terrible!_.A.Nor am I B.Neither would I C.Same with me D.So do I,B,