金融商务英语讲义-BankingBusiness.ppt

2023/10/22,1,The Banking Business,2023/10/22,2,Part One,2023/10/22,3,Banking Business,What does a bank do?How does a bank operate?From the text we will learn something about banks and their business,especially the UK banking business,which is somewhat different from that of our country.,2023/10/22,4,The basic functions of a bank:,accepting and safeguarding deposits of money from customers;permitting money to be withdrawn or transferred from one account to another;lending the surplus of deposited money to suitable customers who wish to borrow.,2023/10/22,5,银行的基本职能：,接受客户的存款并保证其安全；允许存款的自由支取或转帐；将存款的赢余贷给希望借款的合适的客户。,2023/10/22,6,A sound banking system depends on:,partly on the control exercised by the central bank and,to a large extent,on the customers trust in the bank.良好的银行体系部分取决于中央银行的管理，另外在很大的程度上取决于客户对银行的信任。,2023/10/22,7,The customer trusts that his deposits will be looked after in the best possible way and that when he wishes to withdraw his money,the funds will be available.,客户相信他的存款在银行得到最好方式的照看和保管，他还相信当他想取钱时，随时可得到资金。,2023/10/22,8,Banks have a major responsibility to behave like a good citizens in business if they wish to enjoy the trust of the customers.,如果银行要得到客户的信任，他们有责任在业务经营中表现得象好公民。How to behave like a good citizen in business?,2023/10/22,9,Profitability remains a major consideration to a bank,but this must sometimes be set aside in favor of an informed and ethical judgment that takes account of the interest of others.,对于银行盈利性始终是要考虑的首要问题，但有时必须支持有见地、符合道德标准、顾及他人利益的判断决定，把盈利性搁置一边。,2023/10/22,10,What do banks have to remember when lending money?,They must remember that the source of their funds is customers deposits,and so it is important that they should lend where there is a minimal risk of non-repayment.他们必须牢记他们的资金来源是客户的存款，因此重要的是应该把资金借给拒绝偿付的风险最低的地方。,2023/10/22,11,The banks have often been criticized for not lending more freely,but a high risk of loss will frequently deter them from granting an advance even if the highest rates of interest could be charged.,人们常常批评银行不能更自由地提供贷款，但即使可能收取最高的利率，高风险的损失往往会阻止银行发放贷款。,2023/10/22,12,The nature of a commercial bank:,A commercial bank is a business firm that specializes in providing financial services.It is also called a“department store of finance”.Because it offers the widest range of financial services,and;it performs the widest range of financial functions.,商业银行是专门提供金融服务的企业公司。,商业银行也叫做金融百货商店。,因为商业银行提供最广范的金融业务。,并且最大范围地履行其金融职责。,a,a,a,a,2023/10/22,13,The banking business:,Traditional services 传统业务working capital loans 周转资金贷款start-up loans 启动资金贷款syndicated loans 辛迪加贷款project financing 项目融资foreign trade financing 外贸融资overdraft facilities 透支业务personal loans 个人贷款,2023/10/22,14,travel facilities 旅行服务便利,travelers cheques 旅行支票 remittance services 汇兑业务 travel insurance services 旅行保险业务deposits and savings 储蓄存款业务certificate of deposits 大额存单credit card services 信用卡业务international settlement services 国际结算业务,2023/10/22,15,foreign exchange dealings 外汇交易,automatic teller machines(ATMs)柜员机factoring services 保付代理业务discounting of bills 票据贴现业务hire purchase 租购leasing 租赁investment and personal advice services 个人投资咨询业务guarantee services 担保业务,2023/10/22,16,Innovations in commercial banking 创新业务:,personal and business trust 个人和企业信托securities underwriting 证券承销cash management 现金管理securities brokerage 证券经纪real estate brokerage 不动产经纪international finance services 国际金融业务,2023/10/22,17,All services(including traditional services,such as offerings of loans and deposits)offered by commercial banks add up to greater convenience for their customers.,商业银行提供的所有业务（包括存贷款业务之类的传统业务）给他们的顾客增加了更大的便利。,2023/10/22,18,The importance of the commercial banks can best be illustrated by the roles of banks in the theory of finance and a brief explanation of their major functions.,金融理论中的银行作用部分能够很好地阐述商业银行的重要性，并且简要地说明其主要职能。,2023/10/22,19,Part Two,2023/10/22,20,Types of Account,The following are the principal types of account available to customers of the Clearing banks.,2023/10/22,21,Current Accounts（活期账户）The distinguishing features of a current account are as follows:,1.The balance standing to a customers credit on current account is repayable on demand and he has the right to draw cheques.,2023/10/22,22,2.A customer may be granted an overdraft,that is to say,he may be permitted to draw checks up to an agreed figure beyond the amount standing to the credit of his current account.,2023/10/22,23,3.If a bank manager who has received a request for an overdraft submits an application to his head office or to his regional office,he should be very careful not to say anything to the customer regarding the outcome of the application which might misleading the customer.,2023/10/22,24,If he does mislead the customer and the customer suffers loss,the bank may be liable in damages for the managers negligence.,2023/10/22,25,4.If a customer overdraws his current account without the banks permission,he may thereby commit an offence under the Theft Act 1968.,2023/10/22,26,This was decided in Halstead v.Patel,where a customer deliberately overdrew his account with the National Giro although he knew that he was not permitted to do so.,the National Giro 国民转帐银行,2023/10/22,27,5.The bank normally allows no interest on sums standing to the customers credit.,2023/10/22,28,6.The bank charges interest on a day-to-day basis on overdrafts on current account.The rate of interest is a matter for agreement,but is very frequently between one per cent and five per cent above the banks base rate.,2023/10/22,29,7.The bank usually charge commission for services rendered,whether the account is in credit or is overdrawn.Commission is normally debited half-yearly or quarterly.,2023/10/22,30,8.The bank supplies customers with periodical loose-leaf statements setting out the debit and credit entries in their accounts.,loose-leaf 活页的,2023/10/22,31,Deposit Accounts（定期存款账户）The distinguishing features of a deposit account are as follows:,1.The balance standing to a customers credit on deposit account is repayable upon personal application after a stated period of notice,which at the present time is usually seven days.Some deposits are made for fixed terms,such as one,two,three,six or twelve months.,2023/10/22,32,2.The customer has no right to draw cheques.,3.The bank allows interest on sums standing to the customers credit at a rate which varies with its base rate.,2023/10/22,33,4.The bank does not usually charge commission on a deposit account.If services,such as the collection of dividends or the payment of standing orders,are undertaken,the customer will normally have a current account as well as a deposit account,and commission will therefor be charged in the current account.,standing order（客户委托银行定期付款的）长期委托书,股息，红利,2023/10/22,34,5.The bank supplies its customer with a pass-book setting out the debit and credit entries in the account.Alternatively,if a fixed sum is to be deposited,it is still the practice in some parts of the country for the bank to issue to its customer a deposit receipt.,pass-book 银行存折，房屋建筑协会借贷簿deposit receipt 存款收据,2023/10/22,35,Savings Accounts（储蓄账户）,These accounts are a special type of deposit account which are intended primarily for small savers.The rate of interest on savings accounts is usually a little lower than that on deposit accounts,but the rate is fairly static,that is to say,it does not vary with every change in base rate.,2023/10/22,36,Some banks allow the full deposit account rate of interest on savings account balances in excess of a certain figure,e.g.200.,2023/10/22,37,Loan Accounts（贷款账户）,The most usual method of lending money to a customer is by way of overdraft on current account.However,there are cases where it is desirable to advance a fixed sum by way of loan account,the proceeds being credited to the customers current account.,2023/10/22,38,This occurs,for example,when the borrowing powers of the customer are limited by law.Interest is calculated on the amount of a loan outstanding on a daily basis.Sometimes,repayment is effected by periodic transfers of fixed amounts from current account to loan account.,2023/10/22,39,Personal Loan Accounts（个人贷款账户）,These account were introduced by some banks in 1958.The special features of such accounts are that no security is required,and that arrangements are made for repayment of the loan together with interest by equal monthly instalments over periods from six months to five years.,抵押，担保,a,2023/10/22,40,In the way the total amount to be paid by way of charges is known at the outset.As a general rule,the loans range from a minimum of 50 to a maximum of about 5000.,at the outset 在开始时，从一开始,2023/10/22,41,As the name personal loan implies,this service is intended primarily for financing items of domestic expenditure,for example,the purchase of furniture or a car.,domestic expenditure 家庭费用，家庭开支,2023/10/22,42,The agreement in respect of a personal loan usually provides that,if the borrower dies before completing the repayments,the debt will be cancelled,provided that the instalments have previously been kept up to date.,如果以前一直能够按时付款。,2023/10/22,43,Partly because of this insurance over and partly because no security is required,a higher rate of interest is charged in respect of personal loan than the rates which apply to the more usual types of bank lending.,2023/10/22,44,Other Loans Repayable by Instalments（其它分期付款的贷款）,Some banks offer other types of loans repayable by monthly instalments,such as business development loans,house improvement loans,and farm development loans.,2023/10/22,45,These may be either secured or unsecured.Secured loans attract a slightly lower rate of interest than unsecured loans.,secured loans 有担保的贷款unsecured loans 无担保贷款,2023/10/22,46,Revolving Credit Schemes（循环信用计划）,Some banks offer revolving credit schemes.These normally involve loans repayable by regular monthly instalments,but they differ from other loans repayable by instalments in two respects.,2023/10/22,47,First,the borrower need not take up the full amount of the loan at the outset.,Secondly,as his repayments reduce his indebtedness,he can top up his loan by borrowing more,provided that the total debt outstanding does not exceed his agreed credit limit.,2023/10/22,48,Budget Accounts（家庭预算账户）,In 1967 some banks introduced a new form of account called a budget account.The object is to allow personal customers to spread the incidence of normal personal and household expenditure,such as fuel bills,rates,season tickets,car insurance and school fees.,2023/10/22,49,The total amount of these recurring items for the year is estimated,and the customer transfers this amount by twelve equal monthly instalments into his budget account.,recurring items 循环账目,2023/10/22,50,He then makes the payments out of this account as and when they fall due.Thus,budget account may at times be overdrawn when payments out of the account exceed the amounts transferring into it.,2023/10/22,51,Exercises,Answer the following questions:1.What are the basic functions of a bank?Accepting and safeguarding deposits of money from customers;permitting money to be withdrawn or transferred from one account to another;,lending the surplus of deposited money to suitable customers who wish to borrow.,2023/10/22,52,2.What is the source of a banks funds?,The banks source of funds is their customers deposits.3.Which is the central bank of Great Britain?The Bank of England.,2023/10/22,53,4.What are the services provided by commercial banks according to the text?,taking in deposits and savingsmaking loansexchanging currenciesdiscounting the bills or notespersonal and business trustsecurities underwriting,2023/10/22,54,cash management,security brokeragereal estate brokerageinternational settlementforeign exchange dealinginternational finance services,2023/10/22,55,Turn the following into English:,1.票据交换系统2.零售银行3.专业银行4.中央银行5.资金来源6.坏帐7.储蓄银行8.银行业务9.存款和贷款10.房地产市场11.拒绝偿付的风险12.利率13.金融业务14.现金管理15.证券承销16.商业银行17.银行系统18.不动产经纪,2023/10/22,56,1.clearing system2.retail bank3.specialized bank4.central bank5.source of funds6.bad debts7.savings bank8.banking business9.deposits and loans10.property market11.risk of non-repayment12.interest rate 13.financial services14.cash management 15.securities mercial bank17.banking system18.real estate brokerage,2023/10/22,57,Turn the following into Chinese:,1.They are going to withdraw a large amount of money from the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China.他们打算从中国工商银行支取一大笔款子.,2023/10/22,58,2.The National Girobank is essentially a money transmission service based around a central computer to which all account holders payment instructions are sent for processing.,国民转帐银行基本上是一个以一台中央计算机为主的货币划拨系统，银行所有帐户持有人的付款指令都被送到中央计算机进行处理。,2023/10/22,59,Part Three,2023/10/22,60,Bank Deposits,There are three main types of bank deposit and building society deposits.First,there are sight deposits.These are defined as deposits which may be withdrawn on demand without limit or penalty.sight deposit 即期存款（又称demand deposit)包括活期存款(current account)，隔夜资金(overnight money)及通知存款(money at call)。,2023/10/22,61,Most of them earn interest,usually at a floating rate which moves in step with the occasional changes in bank or building society base rates.,2023/10/22,62,The rates on deposits are generally well below base rates.Sight deposits can be withdrawn through cash dispensers or by cheque and are often called current accounts.,cash dispenser 现金出纳机current account 活期存款（并不一定支付利息）美国称支票帐户（checking account）,2023/10/22,63,Secondly,there are time deposits which always earn interest.The name time deposits arises because,in principle,these deposits may not usually be withdrawn without notice.,time deposits 定期存款,2023/10/22,64,The notice will be agreed between the bank and the depositor when the deposit is first opened.,2023/10/22,65,However,there is one group of time deposits called instant savings accounts where limited withdrawals may be made without any notice being formally required.,instant savings account 自动转存储蓄帐户limited withdrawal 限额提款,2023/10/22,66,For modest time deposits,like those held by many households,periods of a week or a month are most common,and these deposits are often called deposit accounts.,modest a.程度不高的，中等的deposit account 存款帐户,储蓄帐户 能生息但提款要事先通知银行的帐户。,2023/10/22,67,In practice,these small deposits can often be withdrawn without notice,but in that case there is a penalty in the form of some loss of interest.,2023/10/22,68,The interest rates on these small deposits are usually floating rates,and they are usually 2-5%below the banks current base rates.,2023/10/22,69,However,higher fixed rates are available on some deposits,notably many long-term building society deposits called bonds.For sums of,say,500 or more,households can use fixed term deposits whose terms range from a few days up to perhaps five years.,2023/10/22,70,These deposits earn higher interest rates,which may be fixed or floating,but no withdrawals are allowed until the term has ended.,2023/10/22,71,People can earn limited amounts of tax-free interest from special time deposits called tax-exempt special saving