英语现在分词和过去分词.ppt

非谓语动词,Non-finite,非谓语动词的类型:,Infinitive 不定式,Gerund 动名词,Participle 分词,Non-finite,-ing 分词,-ed 分词,-ing分词(以make为例),-ed 分词,Having made,making,being made,Having been made,made,X,X,X,分词在句中承担的成分:,由于分词具有形容词性和副词性,在句子中不能充当具有名词特征的主语和宾语.,1.作定语,-the sun which is rising,-ing分词和-ed分词修饰名词有前置位&后置位.,1.the rising sun,2.He is a retired worker.,-He is a worker who has already retired.,e.g.,3.The problem bothering us is the lack of money.4.These are goods imported from Japan.,前置位:,后置位,-The problem(which is)bothering us is the lack of money,Whats the difference between-ed and ing participle?,-ing分词表示“进行”-ed分词表示“完成”,-ing分词表示“主动”-ed分词表示“被动”,主动,进行,被动,完成,在时态上:,在语态上:,-These are goods(which were)imported from Japan.,Exercises:,The _(work)people have played a great role in the activity.I dont like _(can)food,I prefer something fresh.,working,canned,1.站在她妈妈旁边的那个女孩看上去很胆小。The girl_ by her mother looked very timid.2.最近到处在议论的话题都与2008年奥运会有关。The topics _ everywhere recently are concerned about the Olympics 2008.,who was standing,standing,being discussed,which are being discussed,Whats the difference?,1.The topics being discussed everywhere recently areconcerned about the Olympics 2008.,to be discussed,discussed,进行,完成,将来,2.The topics _(discuss)at tomorrows meeting are concerned about the Olympics 2008.,3.The topics _(discuss)at yesterdays meeting were about the Olympics 2008.,巩固练习一,用所给动词的正确形式填空：1)The man_(question)in the police station now is a spy2)A man_(respect)others will be respected3)Half of the guests _(invite)to the conference were foreigners.4)The matter _(discuss)is very important,being questioned,respecting,invited,being discussed,5.被汽车撞伤的小孩马上被送到了医院。The boy was sent to the hospital immediately.6.每天给我办公室送邮件的人是位退休工人.The man every day is a retired worker.,injured by the car,delivering mails to my office,The glass is broken.The food smells inviting.,2.作表语,What he said sounds_(convince).He was _(interest)in what he learned in Canada and he thought everything in Canada was _(interest),convincing,interested,interesting,这道菜香味怡人。,Please fill in the blank with the verb given：,使信服,类似情况还有：surprising surprised,exciting excited,tiring tired,disappointing disappointed,encouraging encouraged，amazed amazing,bored boring,pleasing pleased,astonishing astonished.-ed 分词Sb.+Link.v+-ed分词-ing分词 Sth.+Link.v+-ing分词,人的感觉,事物本身的特点,巩固练习二,用所给动词的-ed 或ing形式填空：1)The journey was quite_(tire)2)The result of the exam made me _(disappoint)3)This was really an _moment(excite)4)His _look suggested that he didnt understand it(puzzle)5)He seemed quite _at the idea.(delight)6)The present situation is _(encourage),tiring,disappointed,exciting,puzzled,delighted,encouraging,They caught him cheating in the mid-term examinationHe was caught cheating in the mid-term examination.You cant leave the workshop with the machine running.,3.作补语,1.宾语补足语,2.主语补足语,3.介词宾语补足语,Fill in the blank:1.He was surprised to find his room thoroughly _.(clean)2.Last night I saw him _(play)the violin with his eyes _(shut).,“被动”,“主动”,More exercises,cleaned,playing,shut,“被动”,I heard my sister _ that song in English outside.(sing)They once heard the song _ in English.Mother heard her kid _ the door.Mother heard the door _.(open)With the test _(finish),we began to analyze the result.We _ during our last meeting.我们留下了很多问题没解决.Would you please speak louder so as to _?A.make you hear B.make yourself hear C.make you heard D.make yourself heard,left a lot of problems unsolved,D,singing,sung,opening,opened,巩固练习三,finished,分词作状语，修饰谓语，大多说明动作发生的背景或情景，表示时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随情况等。一般说来，这一结构的逻辑主语是主句的主语,而句子本身可与状语从句等句型转换。,4.作状语,1.When we heard the news,we jumped with joy.=Hearing the news,we jumped with joy.2.When it is heated,the metal expands.Heated,the metal expands.3.Because he didnt know how to do it,he went to his father for help.=Not knowing how to do it,he went to his father for help.4.As they were deeply moved,the children began to cry.=Deeply moved by the story,the children began to cry.,“主动”,“被动”,表示时间,表示原因,=,5._(look)out of the window,you can have a full view of the beach.=If you look out of the window,you can have a full view of the beach.6._(keep)in refrigerator,these vegetables will remain fresh.=If they are kept in refrigerator,these vegetables will remain fresh.,表示条件,Looking,Kept,7.The children rushed out,shouting and jumping.8.She walked out of the house,_by her little daughter.(follow)9.She walked out of the house,_ her little daughter.(follow)10.(consider)as a building material,wood is not very strong.=Although it is considered as a building material,wood is not very strong.e、表示让步,表示方式和伴随情况,followed,following,Considered,11.The car was held up by the snowstorm,thus _(cause)the delay.12.The glass fell to the ground,_(break)to pieces.,表示结果,分词作状语时，分词前可加连词表示强调。e.g.,heated,ice can be changed into water,When,tired,I went on with the work.,walking in the street,I saw a road accident,While,Though,causing,broken,1.作定语,2.作表语,4.作状语,3.作补语,分词,分词的时态:,-ing/-ed+主句（不强调动作先后）;Having done Having been donee.g.1.Used as a means of traffic in China,the bike is very useful.2.Having been used for many years,the bike needs repairing.,More exercises,+主句,（强调时间先后）,1)The president promised to keep all the board members_(inform)of how the negotiations were going on2)_(be)there more than once,the old professor offered to show us around the newly-built library.3)_(invite)to go to camping,Paul ordered a new sleeping bag4)_(not know)his telephone number,she lost touch with him.,informed,Having been,Having been invited,Not knowing,分词的逻辑主语:分词的逻辑主语一般为_,但当分词的动作执行者和句子的动作执行者不一致时，分词前必须有自己的主语，e.g.If weather permits,we will have a field trip.Weather permitting,well have a field trip tomorrow 这被称为_。时间允许,我们将在去杭州的路上顺道看一下我叔叔.Time permitting,we will visit my uncle on my way to Hangzhou.,主句的主语,分词的独立结构,*但有些分词作状语属习惯用法，分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语可以不一致。如：Judging from the expression on his face,he had failed the driving test again Generally speaking,girls are more careful than boys.类似的还有:Speaking ofTalking of,高考题,1.The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.(2004)A.to smell B.smelling C.smelt D.to be smelt2.The disc,digitally _ in the studio,sounded fantastic at the party that night.(2004)A.recorded B.recording C.to be recorded D.having recorded3.Generally speaking,_ according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.(2003)A.when taking B.when taken C.when to take D.when to be taken,B,B,A,4._ a reply,he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received,C,5.Before _,the machine must be checked.being used B.using it C.being used to D.using,A,6._ better attention,the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in the sky and _ them light.A.Giving;given B.Given;given C.Giving;giving D.Given;giving,D,1._ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.Losing B.Having lost C.Lost D.To lose,C,“陷入深思”有两种表达法，A.Lose oneself in thought B.be lost in thought,综合练习,5)Victor apologized his_(not be)able to inform me of the change in the plan.6)After his journey from abroad,Richard Jones returned home,_(exhaust).7)The discovery of new evidence led to the thief_(catch).8)Generally_(speak),When _(take)according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.9)She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_(play)in making the earth a better place_(live).,not being,exhausted,being caught,speaking,taken,to play,to play,10)Though_(lack)money,his parents managed_(send)him to university.11)-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?-The key_(solve)the problem is _(meet)the demand _(make)by the customers.12)With a lot of difficult problems_(settle),the newly-elected president is having a hard time.13)_(suffer)such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late_(clear)up the river.14)Do let your mother_(know)all the truth.She appears_(tell)everything.,lacking,to send,to solving,to meet,made,to settle,Having suffered,to clear,know,to have been told,16)Sandy could do nothing but_(admit)to his teacher that he was wrong.17)Mr.Reed made up his mind _(devote)all he had to_(set)up some schools for poor children.18)One learns a language by_(make)mistakes and_(correct)them.19)Ive worked with children before,so I know what_(expect)in my new job.20)Tony was very unhappy for_(not invite)to the party.,admit,to devote,setting,making,correcting,to expect,not having been invited,21)_(give)the general state of his health,it may take him a while_(recover)from the operation.22)There are five pairs of shoes_(choose)from,but Im at a loss which_(buy).23)Cleaning women in big cities usually get_(pay)by the hour.24)What worried the child most was his_(not allow)visit his mother in the hospital25)He claimed_(treat)in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.,Given,to recover,to choose,to buy,paid,not being allowed,to have badly treated,26)_(fetch)water before breakfast seemed to me a rule never_(break).27)While_(shop),people sometimes cant help _(persuade)into buying something they dont really need.28)She looks forward every spring to_(walk)in the flower-lined garden.29)Once your business becomes international,_(fly)constantly will part of your life30)The little time we have together we try_(spend)wisely.,To fetch,to be broken,shopping,being persuaded,walking,flying,to spend,1)I meant to buy an evening paper,but I didnt see anyone _(sell)them.2)Just now I saw a man_(walk)in the street,with a little girl _(seat)on his shoulder 3)The lady would love to have her luggage _(weigh).4)The thief was caught_(steal)goods in the supermarket again 5)-What happened to Mr.White early this morning?-Oh，he was seen_(knock)down and the driver_(drive)away,selling,walking,seated,weighed,stealing,knocked,drove,巩固练习四,