高英语考阅读理解专项指导-猜测词义.ppt
高考阅读微技能-猜测词义,A guessing game,1.What must you keep after giving it to someone else?,Your word.,2.Which travels faster,heat or cold?,Heat.You can catch cold.,3.What might one magnet(磁铁）say to another magnet?,Youre attractive.,4.Where does Friday come before Thursday?,In the dictionary.,5.Its yours,but others use it more than you do.What is it?,Your name.,Sum up:How can you make a guess?,Make full use of the information given in the sentence.Use the meanings of other words in the sentence.,利用上下文猜测词义,1Definition and Explanation 利用定义或解释,skimming=looking over a passage quickly,ecology=a branch of biology that deals with the habits of living things,especially their relation to their environment,be immortal=will live for ever,vertebrates=animals that have backbones,快速浏览,略读,生态学,永远活着,不死的,有脊椎动物,mean意思是,refer to指的是,be called被称为,be known as作为为人所知,can be defined as可被定义为,that is即,or即,namely即,that is to say即是说,in other words换言之,作者常使用的标志词语有:,2Examples and Classification利用举例和类别,作者常使用的标志词语有:,example,for example,for instance例如,such as,like,as,examples:Time Magazine,News Week,classification:magazines=periodicals,examples:TV sets,washing machines,classification:household appliances,期刊,杂志,家用电器,3Comparison and Contrast 利用比较和对比,作者常使用的标志词语有:,unlike不象,like,asas与一样,morethan,be different from,opposite to与相反,on the contrary相反,while而,compared with/to,in common(with),fillip=inexpensive,A is to B what C is to D.A对B就如同C对D.食物对人就如同_ 对庄稼.,肥料,middle aged 对应older,tall 对应much shorter,as plump as 对应fat,plump=fat 肥胖的,便宜的,4Description 利用具体的描述进行概括,wretched=miserable悲惨的,5Repetition of concepts and sentence structures 利用重复的表述或句子结构,worked from morning till night,in all kinds of weather,earn only enough to buy simple food and cheap clothes,before I understood anything,all I could make out was that,I hadnt the lightest idea,make out=understand 理解,利用语法知识猜测词义,1利用定语从句,2利用同位语,which are cancer-causing genes 修饰先行词 oncogenes,致癌基因,adolescence=the period between childhood and adulthood,青春期,3利用关联词语,4利用标点符号,提示:括号，破折号，冒号表解释,说明,external fat=fat under the skin internal fat=fat inside the body,internal=inside external=outside,内部的 外部的,皮下的,由however知道dissent是agree的反义词,dissent=disagree 不同意,利用常识猜测词义,门很低,头容易撞到_ lintel.,门楣,从屋顶上的_antenna知道房子里有电视,天线,鱼用 gills呼吸,鳃,利用构词法猜测词义,over+load-overload,超过+负担-超负荷,超载,free 免费 give away 赠送 freebies,dis 不+honor 光荣-不光荣,耻辱,免费赠品,常见的前缀,小结:,遇到生词莫紧张,先跳后猜是方向.上文下文找线索,构词方法能帮忙.有关知识可利用,切莫纠缠把时荒.,
