高二英语选修6M6uint1.ppt

策划：学生双语报,1,Useful structure(20ms),The Subjunctive Mood,策划：学生双语报,2,The Subjunctive Mood,I.概念:,II.形式:虚拟语气的动词形式在条件状语从句中,其 主从句形式有较固定的形式要求(见III.用法1),在 名词性从句中多用should+原形,在定语从句,wish后面所接的宾语从句,以及其它状语从句 中用过去时.,语气是用来表示谈话人的态度和看法的动词形式.英语有三种语气:陈述语气(同陈述句)祈使语气(同祈使句),虚拟语气.虚拟语气不表示一个事实,而是表示一种假设情况.,策划：学生双语报,策划：学生双语报,3,III.用法:,1.用于条件状语从句中:,主从 句,构 成,时态,虚拟条件 从句,主 句,例 句,与现在事实相反的 假设,与过去事实相反的 假设,If+主语+动词过去时(be用 were),主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形,If I had time,I would attend the meeting.,If+主语+had+过去分词,主语+would/should/could/might+have+过去分词,If you had taken my advice,youd have passed the exam.,策划：学生双语报,策划：学生双语报,4,主从 句,构 成,虚拟条件 从句,主 句,例 句,与将来情况相反的 假设,If+主语+动词的过去时 If+主语+were to+动词原形 If+主语+should+动词原形,主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形,If you came tomorrow,we would have the meeting.If it were to rain tomorrow,we would put off the sports meeting.If he should not come tomorrow,we would put off the meeting till next week.,时态,策划：学生双语报,5,Practice:Fill in the blanks with proper forms:He _(tell)you if he _(know),Im sure.2.If I _(have)more time,I _(learn)another foreign language.3.If he _(be)here,he _(show)us how to perform the experiment.4.If I _(be)you,I _(pay)more attention to English idioms.5.I _(help)you if I _(can).6.If I _(receive)your e-mail,I _ _(answer)it long ago.,would tell,knew,had,would learn,were,were,could,would show,would pay,would help,had received,would,have answered,策划：学生双语报,策划：学生双语报,6,7.If you _(start)the work earlier,you _(finish)it by now.8.If we _(not rely)on our own streng-th we _(die)of starvation.9.If I _(know)your address,I _ _(write)to you then.10.If I _(not be)busy,I _(come)to help.11.If we _(start)out five minutes later,we _(miss)the train.12.You _(meet)the famous scientist if you _(come)yesterday.,had started,would have finished,hadnt relied,would have died,had known,hadnt been,would have missed,would,would have come,had started,had come,would have met,have written,策划：学生双语报,策划：学生双语报,7,13.If I _(tell)him,he _(be)greatly surprised.14.If I _(do)it,I _ probably _(do)it in the same way.15.If he _(be)here tomorrow,you _(ask)him about it yourself.16.We _(be)very pleased if you _ _(attend)the gathering tonight.17.I _(ask)him to ring you up if I _(see)him.18.If you _(can get)back next week,we _(go)camping together.,were to tell,would be,would,were/should be,were,would ask,could ask,would be,to attend,saw/should see/were to see,could get,would go,were to do,do,策划：学生双语报,8,2.用于名词性从句中:,1)用于主语从句中:,(1)用在 It is suggested/requested/demanded ordered/desired/proposed/advised/insisted+that 从句中,从句用(should)+动词原形:eg:Its suggested that the meeting(should)be put off till next week.It was ordered that the wounded soldiers be sent to the field hospital at once.(2)用在 It is necessary/important/strange/odd/natural/surprising/essential/best/appropriate/shocking/sad/regrettable/a pity/a shame/no wonder/has been decided/+that 从句中,从句用(should)+动 词原形:,策划：学生双语报,策划：学生双语报,9,eg:It is necessary that the customs of all national minorities be respected.It is strange that he should have said so.Its a pity that I should do it again.It is a great pity that he should be so careless.It is not surprising that Alfred should have married Amy.但(2)部分也可不用虚拟语气:eg:It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.It is strange that he didnt come yesterday.,策划：学生双语报,10,2)用于宾语从句中:,在wish后用动词(情态动词)的过去时,进行时,如果与过去事实相反,动词用过去完成时:eg.How I wish I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky!I wish I had not made so many mistakes in the last exam.How I wish it werent raining now!(2)在would rather后用过去时:eg.Id rather you came tomorrow.(3)在advise,demand,insist,order,propose,request,require,suggest后用should+动词原形,should可以省略:,策划：学生双语报,策划：学生双语报,11,eg.He suggested we(should)start off early the next day.We insisted they not be present at such gathering.He ordered that all(should)take part in the work.They requested that we(should)have lunch with them.但是:当suggest表示“暗示,表明”insist表示“坚 持认为”时,不用虚拟语气:eg.The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.,策划：学生双语报,12,3)用于表语从句中:,(1)在advice,demand,order,proposal,request,suggestion 等后面的表语从句中:eg.My advice is that he wait till next week.Her suggestion is that we should learn all the texts by heart.The generals order was that all the soldiers reach the border in ten hours.,(2)当as if,as though 引导表语从句时:eg.He looks as if he were an artist.They appear as though they had been friends for years.,策划：学生双语报,策划：学生双语报,13,4)用于同位语从句中:,在advice,demand,order,proposal,request,suggestion 等后面的同位语从句中,如:Eg.We all agree to his suggestion that we go to the Happy Valley for an outing.Order came that the soldiers be sent to the border.Here is the doctors advice that you should take the medicine 4 times a day.,策划：学生双语报,策划：学生双语报,14,3.用于定语从句中:,在It is(high)time that 句型中,定语从句的谓语动词用过去时,或should+动词原形(should不能省略):,eg.It is(high)time that you went to school.Its time you did something about it.It is(high)time that we should start out.,策划：学生双语报,策划：学生双语报,15,4.用于其它状语语从句中:1)当as if,as though,even if,even though 引导 状语从句时,从句用动词的过去时.如:eg.She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America.It was the first time they had met,but they acted as though they had been friends for ages.Even if he were here,he couldnt solve the problem.I wouldnt go to Iraq to try my luck even though it were easy to make money there.,策划：学生双语报,策划：学生双语报,16,此类情况也可不用虚拟语气,如:eg.It looks as if it is going to rain.Ill help you,as though l dont sleep for a night.Even if I have to walk all the way,Ill get there.I like her even though she can be annoying sometimes.,策划：学生双语报,策划：学生双语报,17,2)当in case,lest,for fear that等引导状语从句时,从句用(should+)原形动词.如:eg.Be quiet in case you should wake the baby.I shall ring you up lest you(should)forget to come.I took an umbrella along with me for fear that it should/might rain.在此类情况中,in case引导状语从句也可不用虚拟语气,如:eg.Take your umbrella,in case it rains.,策划：学生双语报,策划：学生双语报,18,5.用于 if only 引导的感叹句中,如:eg.If only I were a bird!If only I had known her telephone number/e-mail address!If only I hadnt lost it!If only the letter had arrived in time!6.May+动词原形，表示祝愿.如:May the friendship between our two peoples last forever!May you succeed!May the plan work!,策划：学生双语报,策划：学生双语报,19,Revision:The subjunctive mood 虚拟语气1.与现在情况相反的假设If everyone knew first aid,many lives would be saved.(If)did,would do(should/could/might)If I_(be)you,I would go to the cinema tonight.If you saw the film,you _(be)very excited.If they_(come),we could go there together.If we _(go)together,we would have a good time.If I _(have)enough money,I could buy a new house.,were,would be,came,went,had,策划：学生双语报,20,2.与过去情况相反的假设1)If the hurricane had happened during the day-time,there would have been more deaths.2)If you had studied hard,you would have passed the exam.(If)had done,would have done(should/could/might)If you _(come)earlier,you wouldnt have been late.If I had taken money with me yesterday,I _(repair)my watch.If I _(repair)my watch,I would have got up early.If I_(get up)early,I wouldnt have been late.,had come,would have repaired,had repaired,had got up,策划：学生双语报,21,3.与将来情 况相反的假设：If you should come tomorrow,I would go fishing with you.If you were to come tomorrow,If you came tomorrow,should do,(If)were to do,would do(should/could/might)didIf it should rain tomorrow,I _(stay)at home.If I were to stay at home,I _(have)a good rest.If I _ a good rest,I could put my heart into study next week.,would stay,would have,should have/were to have/had,策划：学生双语报,22,高考实战:,-If he _,he _ that food.(NMET 93)-Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A.was warned;would not take B.had been warned;would not have taken C.would be warned;had not taken D.would have been warned;had not taken2.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.(NMET 96)A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken,策划：学生双语报,23,3.You didnt let me drive.If we _ in turn,you _ so tired.(NMET96)A.drove;didnt get B.drove;wouldnt get C.were driving;wouldnt get D.had driven;wouldnt have got4.I stayed at a hotel while in New York.-Oh,did you?You _ with Barbara.(NMET 98)A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay D.must have stayed5.How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden.(NMET Shanghai 2002)A.has B.had C.will have D.had had,