非谓语动词之宾补.ppt

复合宾语,英语的五个基本结构S 十 V S 十 L十 P S 十 V 十 O S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 S 十 V 十 O 十 C 说明：S主语；V谓语；P表语；O宾语；O1间接宾语；O2直接宾语；C宾语补足语,1S 十 V 句式He runs quickly他跑得快。2S 十 V 十 P 句式：The story sounds interesting这个故事听起来有趣。3S 十 V 十 O 句式They built a house last year他们去年建了一所房子。4S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 句式He offered me his seat/his seat to me他把座位让给我。5S 十 V 十 O 十 C 句式They found her happy that day他们发现那天她很高兴。I found him out我发现他出去了。They named the boy Charlie他们给这个男孩起名为查理。I saw him come in and go out我见他进来又出去。They felt the car moving fast他们感到汽车行驶得很快。He found the door of study closed to him他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。,一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：,1、名词：We made him our monitor.They thought this good advice.They named their daughter Jenny.注：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：call,name,elect,make,think,appoint,choose,find,consider,keep,wish,feel等。注：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：They elected John chairman of the committee.,2、形容词：You should keep your room clean and tidy.Wed better leave the door open.注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有：believe,think,get,keep,make,find,set,like,wish,see,consider,prove,have,leave,以及paint,drive,turn,cut 等。,3、现在分词：Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face.At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in.,一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：,5、过去分词：He watched the TV set carried out of the room.Last year they had their house rebuilt.When you speak English,be sure to make yourself understood.,6此外，副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语，如：When do you want it back?Why didnt you invite them in?We could hear the children at play outside.,4、动词不定式：Nobody could make him change his mind.Would you like me to come along with you?He believed the earth to be a globe.,一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：,二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：,1、当名词、形容词、副词和介词短语充当宾语补足语时，它们和宾语之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系（或称表语关系），若无宾语补足语，则句意不完整。宾语补足语说明宾语的情况、性质、特征、状态、身份或属类等。试比较：We made him our monitor.(He is our monitor.)You should keep your room clean and tidy.(Your room is clean and tidy.)We could hear the children at play outside.(The children are at play outside.),二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：,2、当现在分词和动词不定式充当宾语补足语时，它们和宾语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，宾语补足语一般为宾语所做的动作，（若无宾语补足语，则句意不完整），如：He saw an old man getting on the bus.(An old man was getting on the bus.)Did you see a young man enter the house?(A young man entered the house.),二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：,3、当过去分词充当宾语补足语时，它与宾语之间有着动宾关系，即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：I once heard this song sung in Japanese.(This song was once sung in Japanese.)I didnt want the children taken out in such weather.(The children were taken out in such weather.),三、在用现在分词或不定式作宾语补足语的动词中，有些只能用现在分词作宾语补足语；有些只能用不定式作宾语补足语；还有的动词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：,1、只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有：catch,keep,mind,prevent,stop,smell,excuse 等。例如：She caught her son smoking a cigarette.His words started me thinking.,2、只能用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：wish,desire,expect,love,prefer,trust,encourage,let,allow,permit,mean,lead,bring,put,hurry,cause,remind,ask,invite,beg,request,worry,advise,persuade,call on,tell,order,command,require,make,force,drive,forbid,warn,help,teach,show,assist,report,bear,wait for/think,take,know,judge,consider,suppose,believe,allow,prove,declare等。,3、既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see,watch,notice,look at,observe,listen to,hear,feel,have,imagine,discover,like,want,understand,hate,get,set,leave等。,四、使用不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号 to 的取舍问题：,1、在hear,listen to,let,have,make,see,watch,notice,observe 等动词后的不定式需省去 to。(一找二感二听三让五看)2、help 一词后的不定式，可带 to，也可以不带 to。,五、在复合宾语中，宾语通常为名词或代词，但有时也可以用不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或that从句来充当。这时，应使用先行it代替宾语，而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部，如：,I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings.Do you consider it any good trying again?We all thought it a pity that you couldnt join us.注意：在这种结构中，宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词；常用于这种结构的动词有：feel,find,think,make,take,judge,consider 等。,翻译练习：1、我们叫她Alice。2、他的父母给他取名为John。3、我们大家都认为他是诚实的。4、他们把门推开了。5、他们把小偷释放了。6、我们要使学校变得更美丽。7、他请我们参加做游戏。,We call her Alice.His parents named him John.All of us considered him honest.They pushed the door open.They have set the thief free.We will make our school more beautiful.He asked us to join in the game.,翻译练习：8、我要你把真相告诉我。9、卫兵命令我们立即离开。10、明天我要找人来修理机器。11、每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。12、痛苦使得他叫喊起来。13、我们不会让她在晚上外出的。14、他每个月理一次发。,I want you to tell me the truth.The guards ordered us to leave at once.Tomorrow Ill have someone repair the machine.Every morning we hear him read English aloud.The pain made him cry out.We wont let her go out at night.He has his hair cut once a month.,翻译练习：15、我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。16、她正在听人家讲故事。17、我从来没看见这个字这样用过。18、他感到很难跟你交谈。19、我想乘船去那里更舒服些。20、我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。21、我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。,Ill get my recorder mended.She is listening to someone telling stories.I have never seen the word used that way before.He felt it very difficult to talk with you.I think it more comfortable to go there by ship.I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.I thought it no use talking with that man.,