路由器配置基础.ppt
路由器配置基础,2,用户界面登录到路由器,Router con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.RouterRouterenablePassword:Router#Router#exitRouterRouterlogout,3,用户界面使用密码,A line access passwordA privileged EXEC mode passwordEncrypted PasswordsIOS提供加密存放密码的服务。,4,用户界面用户方式命令列表,DUT?Exec commands:Session number to resume access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry access-profile Apply user-profile to interface attach attach to system component clear Reset functions connect Open a terminal connection disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection enable Turn on privileged commands exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system lock Lock the terminal login Log in as a particular user logout Exit from the EXEC mls exec mls router commands mrinfo Request neighbor and version information from a multicast router mstat Show statistics after multiple multicast traceroutes mtrace Trace reverse multicast path from destination to source name-connection Name an existing network connection pad Open a X.29 PAD connection-More-,5,用户界面上下文相关帮助,DUTshow bootfDUTshow bootflash:?all show all possible flash info chips show flash chip information filesys Show file system information|Output modifiers DUTshow bootflash:,6,用户界面使用编辑命令,移动到命令行开头 移动到命令行结束 移动到上一个词开始 移动到前一个字符 移动到下一个字符 移动到下一个词,7,用户界面命令历史纪录,Router#show history show history enable terminal hisitory size 10 terminal no editing terminal editingRouter#,or UP arrow 上一个命令 or Down arrow 下一个命令,8,检查路由器状态,Internetwork Operating System,Program,DynamicConfigurationInformation,TableAndBuffers,OperatingSystems,BackupConfigurationFile,INTERFACEs,Router#show version,Router#show startup-conifg,Router#show interfaces,Router#show processes CPU Router#show protocols,Router#show running-config,Router#show memRouter#show ip route,Router#show flash,9,检查路由器状态,show version显示系统的硬件配置，软件版本，配置文件的源和名字，以及启动镜像。show processes显示当前活动进程。show protocols显示已经配置的协议。show memory显示路由器的内存信息 show ip route显示路由表 show flash显示闪存设备的信息 show running-config显示当前活动配置 show startup-config显示备份配置文件 show interfaces显示已经配置的界面属性,10,载入配置文件,RAM,NVRAM,Console orTerminal,TFTP Server,11,载入配置配置文件,configure terminal从终端执行配置命令 copy tftp running-config从tftp服务器将配置复制到RAM中 copy tftp startup-config从tftp服务器将配置复制到NVRAM中 copy startup-config running-config从NVRAM将配置文件从NVRAM中复制到RAM,12,载入配置文件,TFTP Server,RAM,Router#copy tftp running-configHost or network configuration file host?Name of configuration file Router-config?P1R1.2Booting P1R1.2 from 131.108.2.155:!OK 874/16000 bytesP1R1#,13,基本的路由器配置任务,Routerenable,Routerconfiguration terminal,Router(config)#,User EXEC Mode,Privieged EXEC Mode,Global configuration mode,Ctrl-Z(end),Exit,14,基本的路由器配置任务,Interface mode支持对一个界面进行配置的命令Subinterface mode支持对一个物理界面上的虚电路进行配置。Controller mode支持配置通道化的T1Line mode支持配置终端线Router mode配置IP路由协议IPX-Router mode支持配置novell网络层协议Router-map mode支持配置路由表（策略路由）,15,基本的路由器配置任务佩路由器身份信息,Router(config)#hostname P1R1P1R1#,Router Name,P1R1(config)#banner motd#You have entered a secured system.Autherized access only!#,Message-of-the-Day Banner,P1R1(config)#interface ethernet 0P1R1(config-if)#description Engineering LAN,Blad.18,16,基本的路由器配置任务密码设定,主控台密码 line console 0 password abc虚拟终端密码 line vty 0 4 password abc特权模式密码 enable secret abc,17,基本的路由器配置任务配置和管理界面,interface command interface serial 0 interface ethernet 1 interface ethernet 1/0 interface ethernet 1/0/0 show interface command show interface ethernet 0,18,基本的路由器配置任务确认界面状态,Operational Serial1 is up,line protocol is upConnection Problem Serial1 is up,line protocol is downInterface Problem Serial1 is down,line protocol is downDisable Serial1 is administratively down,line protocol is down,19,基本的路由器配置任务禁用一个界面,shutdown禁用一个界面 no shutdown起用一个界面,20,基本的路由器配置任务保存配置,write memory copy running-config startup-config copy running-config tftp,21,基本的路由器配置任务管理配置环境,Router#configure terminalRouter(config)#boot system flash c2500-js-1Router#copy running-config startup-config,Flash,Router#configure terminalRouter(config)#boot system tftpRouter#copy running-config startup-config,Network,Router#configure terminalRouter(config)#boot system romRouter#copy running-config startup-config,ROM,22,基本的路由器配置任务密码恢复,在路由器启动过程中 Break更改过程rommonconfregDo you wish to change the configuration?y/nn:yEnable“ignore system config info”?y/nn:yChange the boot characteristics?y/nn:yEnter to boot:2Do you wish to change the configuration?y/nn:nrommonresetWould you like to enter the initial dialog?yes:no enable configure memory 改密码 configure register 0 x2102,23,基本的路由器配置任务备份IOS,copy flash tftp,24,基本的路由器配置任务升级IOS,copy tftp flash,25,基本的路由器配置任务使用setup进行快速设置,setup,26,发现和访问其他Cisco设备,Cisco Discovery ProtocolCisco的特有协议，使得网络管理员能够发现相邻设备的平台和协议。信息包括：设备标识：如主机名及域名地址列表：至少包含一个用于snmp协议。端口标识：ethernet 0,serial 0性能列表版本平台,27,发现和访问其他Cisco设备,Router(config)#cdp run启动CDP服务Router(config-if)#no cdp enable在某个界面禁止使用CDPRouter(config)#cdp timer 30多长时间发送一个CDP包Router(config)#cdp holdtime 90多长时间没有收到CDP包就认为该设备已经停止使用。,28,发现和访问其他Cisco设备,show cdp neighbors,
