定语从句00002.ppt
一、关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样，具有数种作用：在从句中代替先行词；在句中作状语；连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的复合句。,关系副词有三种：where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.(on/in/atwhich)when:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。(on/inwhich)why:在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。the reason why,关系副词where、when、why,二、关系副词的用法,时间,状语,否,地点,状语,否,原因,状语,否,Summarize:,在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加上which，在从句中作状语,When=in/at/on/+which;Where=in/at/on/+which;Why=for/+which,三、由关系副词(where when why)引导的定语从句。,1.Where 先行词是地点的名词，在定语从句中充当状语(=介+which),This is the factory.We worked in the factory 3 years ago.,This is the factory,which/that we worked in.,in which we worked.,where we worked.,2.when 先行词是表时间的名词，在定语从句中充当时间状语。(介+which),I will remember the days.I stayed there in the days.,I will remember the days,when I stayed there.,in which I stayed there.,which I stayed there in.,3.why 先行词是表原因的名词，作原因状语。(=for+which),This is the reason.I cant finish it for this reason.,This is the reason,for which I cant finish it.,why I cant finish it.,Practice,1.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that the reason_ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 2.Im going to visit the school _ my mother taught physics ten years ago.A.where B.that C.which D.what 3.Do you still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing?A.which B.that C.when D.where,A,A,C,非限定性 定语从句,非限定性定语从句“六要点”一、非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句的区别限定性定语从句,顾名思义,是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句,它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或事、物。,e.g.A man who doesnt learn from others cant achieve much.一个不向别人学习的人是不能有多少成就的。A man被限定后,指一类特定的人.这类定语从句是不能去掉的,否则剩下的部分就失去意义不能成立,或者含义不清,甚至让人感到莫名其妙。非限定性定语从句则不然,它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明,去掉之后并不影响句子的整个含义。在形式上,非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。,e.g.Finally we visited the Giant Yangtze Gorges Dam,which is the greatest key water control project in the world at present.最后我们参观了长江三峡大坝,它是目前世界上最大的水利枢纽工程。,非限制性定语从句,The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli,where I live,is beautiful.,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang,who is kind,is popular with the students.,Please compare:,插入成分,修饰限定,补充解释,不能,能,.的,二、引导非限定性定语从句时,只能用which(不用that)。e.g.Heat is another form of energy,which is as important as other kinds of energy.热是另一种形式的能量,与其他形式的能量一样重要。从句表补充说明,而且关系代词which不能换成that。,三、引导非限定性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词,也可以指前面整个句子的含义。e.g.That Peter will marry Alice,which has not been announced yet,has spread around.彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布,却已传得沸沸扬扬。句子中的which指彼特要娶爱丽斯这整个句子的意思。,四、除which外,还可用when,where,who等关系代、副词引导非限定性定语从句。e.g.After graduation,I decided to stay in Chongqing,where I spent my childhood and four years of college life.毕业后,我决定留在重庆,在那里我曾度过了我的童年和四年大学生活。,6 The painter lived more than a decade in Europe,_ he could be in close contact with other cubists(立体派艺术家).A.where B.in which C.that D.in that,题型回顾,Albert Einstein left Germany for the United States during World War II,when Jews were badly treated in Germany.第二次世界大战期间,爱因斯坦离开德国去了美国,那时犹太人在德国受到不好的对待。,五、在限定性定语从句中作宾语时,引导词可以省略,但引导非限定性定语从句的关联词不能省。试比较:1.He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother,whom he loved and respected as his own mother.他急于想去医院看望他的继母,他把他的继母当作亲生母亲一样热爱和尊敬。,2.The American journalist(whom/who)the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters.播音员在新闻广播中提到的那位美国记者据说已经被匪徒杀害了。两例中的关系代词都在从句中作宾语。由于第二例是限定性定语从句，可以省略关系代词；第一例中的引导词不能省略，因为它引导的是非限定性定语从句。,
