语法02(现在和将来时态).ppt
Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,一般现在时(Simple Present Tense)一般将来时(Simple Future Tense),Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,一般现在时(Simple Present Tense)1.构成 I/we/you/they+动词原形 he/she/it+动词原形第三人称单数形式2.用法 1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用:always,ever,never,every,frequently,often,seldom,usually,sometimes,rarely,at,on Sunday e.g.I leave home for school at 7 every morning.,Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。e.g.The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.3)表示格言或警句中。e.g.Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。e.g.I dont want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.,Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律:1.大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为s,在浊辅音及元音后发音为 z。如:stopstops s;makemakes s readreads z;playplays z 2.以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读iz 如:carrycarries iz;studystudies iz;worryworries iz;3.以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为iz 如:teachteaches iz;watchwatches iz 4.以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读z 如:gogoes z;dodoes z,Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,Practice1.We often _(play)in the playground.2.He _(get)up at six oclock.3._you _(brush)your teeth every morning.4.What(do)he usually(do)after school?5.Danny(study)English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.6.Do you often play football after school?(肯定回答)7.Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis(改为否定句)8.I watch TV every day.(改为一般疑问句),Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,一般将来时(Simple Future Tense)1.构成 I/we shall+动词原形 he/she/it/you/they will+动词原形shall用于第一人称,在美语中除了疑问句中的第一人称用“shall”外,其余都用“will”。e.g.I shall not come if it rains tomorrow.What shall I do next week?will在陈述句中用于各人称,在疑问句中常用于第二人称。e.g.My brother will leave for the United States next week.,Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,解说 从上面的例句中我们可以了解一般将来时的表达须借助于助动词“shallwill”。关于“shallwill”的用法,传统文法谈得很多,同时各文法学家的理论也不很一致。更重要的是英国人和美国人对“shallwill”的用法规则并不很一致,也不很严谨,所以这里只提供下面的五个规则,相信各位只要把下面这五个规则学通了,你的“shallwill”的用法就可以中规中矩了。,Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,说或写都尽量使用“Ill,Youll,Hell,Shell,Itll,Well,Theyll”的缩写形式 例A:Ill answer your question.例B:Youll read my blog.要表达主语的“意志”,通常都用“will”(文法上称为意志将来。)例A:I wont see him again.例B:Who will go and help that poor old man?Mary will.,Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,说话者要把自己的“意志”表达或行使出去,通常用“shall”。例A:You shall not do that again.例B:He shall return that book tomorrow.第一人称问句使用“shall”。例A:Shall I call you a taxi?例B:Shall we tell her the truth?,Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,问句是“Shall?”,答句就用“shall”;问句用“Will?”,答句就用“will”。例A:Shall you go to school tomorrow?Yes,I shall.Well have an exam.例B:Will you go to school with me tomorrow?No,I wont.Im going on a picnic.注:Lets”的附加疑问通常使用“,shall we?”。e.g.Lets have a rest,shall we?,Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,一般将来时除了使用“shallwill+V”以外,也可以使用下列的几种句式来表达。1be going to+V(主要表示预测和打算)例A:It is going to rain.Take an umbrella with you.例B:The Browns are going to move to Australia.2be+V-ing(主要表示按计划或安排要发生的事)例:Were having a party next week.,Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,3be+to V(定于,指预定的将来动作。)例:She is to be here at 9:00 a.m.tomorrow.4.be about to+V表示即将发生的动作,意为:很快,马上。后面一般不跟时间状语。例:We are about to leave.5V-(e)s 下列动词:come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return,stay,get的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情例:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.When does the bus star?It stars in ten minutes.,Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,SummarySimple Present Tense1.构成 人称+动词2.用法 四种注意:三单的变形Simple Future Tense1.Shall/will2.五种句式注意:shall/will的用法,Grammar 一般现在时,一般将来时,Homework:Translate the following sentences.1.火车将在早上十点钟出发。2.父亲总是在早餐后读报。3.今天我们开会。4.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。5.我能开一下门吗?6.我们的老师很快会回来吗?,