GRE填空考前必看3大解题技巧总结.doc

GRE填空考前必看3大解题技巧总结 GRE填空题是GRE general test的一部分。general test是对所有不同专业的学生进行的考试，所以为了公平起见，解题点上不能涉及任何背景知识，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。GRE填空考前必看3大解题技巧总结1.根据关键词汇来判断语言上的基本逻辑关系因果、(because, in that, for, therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently, given, hence,sothat, so.as to, ifthen, when.then, as long as)转折、(albeit, although, though,but, despite, even though, however, in spite of, nevertheless, nonetheless,notwithstanding, while, whatever, regardless, even if, even though, yet, and yet)递进、(even, indeed)对比、(in contrast, on the contrary, far from, on the other hand,rather than, instead of, notbut, paradoxically, ironically, surprisingly, unexpectedly,curiously)等等。2.寻找句子中的重复关系作为研究生院入学的参考考试，也许是为了体现内容有深度，很多句子涉及到了各个学科的背景知识。同时基于对所有学科学生都要公平的原则，所有的题目在解题点上都不涉及背景知识。为了做到这一点，很多时候ETS都是把答案放到句子中，然后用语言上的线索提示你去把它找出来。以下是提供重复线索的几种常见形式：(1) 简单的直接重复The eradication of pollution is not merely a matter of _, though the majesticbeauty of nature is indeed an important consideration.A. economics B. legislation C. cleanliness D. aesthetics E. restoration尽管大自然的美确实很重要，但污染的消除不仅是什么问题，当然不仅是美的问题。Comparatively few rock musicians are willing to laugh at themselves, although a hintof-can boost sales of video clips very nicely.A. self-deprecation B. congeniality C. cynicism D. embarrassment E. self-doubt摇滚乐手很少自嘲，尽管什么东西能促进录像短片的销售，当然就填自嘲。Melodramas, which presented stark oppositions between innocence and criminality,virtue and corruption, good and evil, were popular precisely because they offered theaudience a world _of_.A. bereft. theatricality B. composed. adversity C. full. circumstantiality D. deprived.polarityE. devoid. neutralityMelodramas这个词不认识也没关系，既然它表现的是无辜与罪行、道德与堕落、善与恶之间的刻板对立，那么它提供给观众什么样的世界呢?当然是刻板对立的世界，只有E选项符合要求。(2) 解释型重复The Muses are_deities: they avenge themselves without mercy on those whoweary of their charms.A. rueful B. ingenuous C. solicitous D. vindictive E. dispassionate冒号后面的内容就是正确选项D这个词的释义，所以不知道缪斯是什么东西也能轻松选对。Unenlightened authoritarian managers rarely recognize a crucial reason for the lowlevels of serious conflict among members of democratically run work groups: a modicumof tolerance for dissent often prevents_.A. demur B. schism C. cooperation D. compliance E. shortsightedness冒号后面的内容解释了民主方式运作的工作团体中为何少有严重的冲突，所以即使看不懂amodicum oftolerance for dissent是什么东西，也应该知道这个东西避免了严重冲突，故选B。(3) 根据语法结构推断重复：The valedictory address, as it has developed in American colleges and universitiesover the years, has become a very strict form, a literary _ that permits very little _.A. text. clarity B. work. tradition C. genre. deviationD. oration. grandiloquence E. achievement. rigiditya literary _ that permits very little _. 是前面的a very strict form的同位语，所以第一空格填form的同义或近义词，that permits very little_. 这个从句完成后应为strict的同义或近义词。Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, but thisdominance has, until veryrecently, been regarded merely as _ fact, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only bybibliographers.A. a controversial B. a statistical C. an analytical D. an explicit E. an unimpeachable这道题同样，a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.是前面的_ fact的同义重复，所以空格应填入文献学家关注的事实，已知的五个选项里显然只有B选项的statistical(统计的)是文献学家的份内工作。-key-pagebreak-(4) 凭借具有指示作用的形容词或代词来寻找重复Longdale and Stern discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts _ a long,identifiable sequence of DNA; such a coincidence could be _ only by the transfer ofDNA between the two systems.A. manufacture. accomplished B. reveal. repeated C. exhibit. determinedD. share. explained E. maintain. contradicted下半句的such a coincidence说明第一空格的动词填入后应体现为是一种巧合，两个看不懂是什么的、只知道是不一样的东西(非相关专业的绝大部分学生是不太可能认识mitochondria和chloroplasts这两个词的)怎样了一个长的、可以认为是一模一样的DNA序列就是一个巧合呢?当然只有D的 share表示了这个意思。Laws do not ensure social order since laws can always be _ , which makes them_ unless the authorities have the will and the power to detect and punish wrongdoing.A. contested. provisional B. circumvented. antiquated C. repealed. vulnerableD. violated. ineffective E. modified. unstableWhich指代逗号前面的那句话，也就是“法律不保障社会秩序”，这就使得法律怎样呢?当然只有D选项的ineffective符合句意。3. 对于含义晦涩的句子，判断语气或感情色彩是有效地解决方法，有时候甚至是唯一的方法。Johnson never _ to ignore the standards of decent conduct mandated by companypolicy if _ compliance with instructions from his superiors enabled him to do so,whatever the effects on his subordinates.A. deigned. tacit B. attempted. halfhearted C. intended. directD. scrupled. literal E. wished. feigned这句话对于英语阅读能力较差的学生来说，通过正常的阅读理解来做还是有些难度的。但是如果注意到whatever the effects on his subordinates(无论对下级产生什么影响)的语气，就可以判断第一空格填入后应表示johnson干的不是什么好事，唯一符合这一判断的是D选项。Ironically, the party leaders encountered no greater _ their efforts to build aprogressive party than the _ of the progressives already elected to the legislature.A. support for. advocacy B. threat to. promise C. benefit from. successD. obstacle to. resistance E. praise for. reputation如果知道encounter的正确用法，就可以判断第一空格应填入一个负面色彩的词，这样就轻松排除了A、C、E三个选项，结合后面的意思来看，只能选D。Although _ is usually thought to spring from regret for having done somethingwrong, it may be that its originis the realization that ones own nature is irremediably _.A. contrition. resilient B. certitude. confident C.skepticism. innocentD. remorse. flawed E. resignation. frivolous第二空格被副词irremediably(不可救药地)修饰，根据这个词带出的语气可以判断第二空格应填入一个负面色彩的词，符合这一判断的只有D、 E两个选项。第一空格remorse的意思完全地对应“regret for having done something wrong”，故选D。Any language is a conspiracy against experience in the sense that it is a collectiveattempt to _ experience by reducing it into discrete parcels.A. extrapolate B. transcribe C. complicate D. amplify E. manage这句话如果没有看过相关背景的书籍几乎是不可理解的，但是我们可以通过语气和感情色彩的判断来排除错误的选项，最终剩下一个看不出错的选项，也就是正确选项了。因为语言是对抗经验的阴谋(conspiracy against)，所以空格应填入一个负面色彩的动作，只有C选项(使复杂化、使变得麻烦)和E选项(manage除了中性的经营管理之外，还可以表示负面的操纵控制)符合这一判断。结合方式状语byreducing(减少、分解、简化)来看，C选项应被排除，最后剩下仍然看不懂句意的E选项就对了。4.推理判断时注意避免发散思维Natural selection tends to eliminate genes that cause inherited diseases, acting moststrongly against the most severe diseases; consequently, hereditary diseases that are_ would be expected to be very _, but, surprisingly, they are not.A. lethal. rare B. untreated. dangerous C. unusual. refractoryD. new. perplexing E. widespread. acute根据consequently提示的上下因果关系我们可以判断第一空格应填入severe的同义或反义，表示严重或不严重的词只有A选项。B选项表示未曾治疗的，D不用说了。C、E两个选项其实和是否严重没有关系，很多时候干扰选项的设置上利用了我们的习惯思维不缜密的、容易想当然的弱点。很多人会认为不寻常的、很少见的疾病就是严重的，寻常的、随处可见的疾病就是不严重的。但是只要稍微想一下就知道这里面没有任何必然的关系。Although _, almost self-effacing in his private life, he displays in his plays andessays a strong _ publicity and controversy.A. conventional. interest in B. monotonous. reliance on C. shy. aversion towardD. retiring. penchant for E. evasive. impatience with第二空格根据转折关系显然只能选A、D两个选项，第一空格会有很多人觉得A选项可以选，因为觉得传统的人就是不喜欢抛头露面的，不喜欢与人争吵的。同样只要想想就该知道这里面没有任何必然的关系，并且即便我们中国传统的人真是这样，这里也没说他是中国人。这种干扰选项的设置路数和上一道题的感觉是完全一样的。Considering how long she had yearned to see Italy, her first reaction was curiously_.A. meditative B. tepid C. categorical D. unoriginal E. insightful干扰选项的设置和上两道题完全一样，A选项的沉思冥想并不表示她所应具有的高兴振奋的态度的相反，正确选项应为B选项(微温的，缺乏热情或激情的)，直接表明了与兴奋激动的态度的相反特征。5.ETS总是倾向于把词义的对应上最为直接的、形同废话的选项设为正确选项The hierarchy of medical occupations is in many ways a _ system; its strata remain_ and the practitioners in them have very little vertical mobility.A. health. skilled B. delivery. basic C. regimental. flexibleD. training. inferior E. caste. intact医疗职业的等级(hierarchy)在许多方面是一个等级体系(caste system)The natural balance between prey and predator has been increasingly _, mostfrequently by human intervention.A. celebrated B. predicted C. observed D. disturbed E. questioned被掠食者和掠食者之间的自然平衡被人类的干扰(intervention)干扰(disturbed)了Poes _ reviews of contemporary fiction, which often find great merit in otherwise_ literary gems, must make us respect his critical judgment in addition to his well-known literary talent.A. thorough. completed B. petulant. unpopular C. insightful. unappreciatedD. enthusiastic. acclaimed E. harsh. undeserving爱伦坡有判断力的(insightful)现代小说评论使得我们佩服他的判断力(critical judgment)Aptly enough, this work so imbued with the notion of changing times and styles hasbeen constantly _ over the years, thereby reflecting its own mutability.A.appreciated B. emulated C. criticized D. revised E. reprinted十分恰当的是，这部充满了变迁(changing)的时代、变迁的风格的作品多年以来一直被改变(revise)，从而反映了它自身的可变性(mutability)总之，在做填空题时，大家可以先大致地分析推理，猜出应该填什么词(或仅仅猜出应该填什么样的词)之后再看选项，不要直接把选项带入读。这样做通常能够躲掉干扰选项的误导。因为大部分的干扰选项具有这样的特征：你看到它之前很难想到它，但是一旦你看到它，就觉得它好像也很对。TIPS：新GRE填空固定观点汇总1. 科学/科学家的有关客观/非客观的讨论，往往是有偏见，非客观的。2. 企业家就是个人进取心的代表，而且企业家就代表了那个时代的精神，成为个人进取心代表。3. “商人重利轻别离”，企业家总是看中利益。4. 道德水平与科学发展往往背道而驰，越先进越堕落。5. 时间上的对立，过去与现在，现在与未来，过去与未来总是对立的，除非remain，same等词的出现。6. 反对达尔文和弗洛伊德，驳斥进化论和精神分析法。7. 一致的部分，某人的言行一致，作者和作者的书一致，科学家和科学家的时代一致，甚至是we和ourtime.都是同义词关系，可以看做ETS的陈述相同事物的习惯。8. 低级成员永远服从于高级成员。GRE考试精选填空模拟试题及答案解析Longdale and Stern discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts _ a long, identifiable sequence of DNA; such a coincidence could be _ only by the transfer of DNA between the two systems.A manufactureD accomplishedB maintainE explainedC shareF repeated选CE翻译：L和S发现，线粒体和叶绿体共有一大段可确认的DNA序列，关于这个巧合合理的解释就是DNA可以在两个系统间转移。选CEmitochondria(音)麦特康锥亚，线粒体;chloroplasts(音)克劳热普拉斯刺，叶绿体。这种小写的专业词汇，95%以上的同学在考场上不会认识，从构词法去硬猜也不提倡，我们要怎么对付这些不友好的词汇呢?1 确定功能。L和S是两个人，她们发现了一件事，而mitochondira和chloroplasts是这件事的主语，换言之，二者联合组成了一个名词性成分。2 首字母替代。接下来的分析中，你就可以用m和ch来指代二者了，不需要知道他们的意思。因为你早就知道GRE填空只考文字在常识范围内的推理，不会考察任何专业知识。你竟然看出来他们都是复数形式，我简直要过去激动地握你的手。第一空选share，如果你选A/B，你需要意识到，他们都隐含了share的意思，share仍然最直接，如果几个答案都指向了一个最基本的意思，那么选那个最基本最直接的选项;后面也提到，m和ch是两个系统two systems，也可印证了第一空选share;第二空不知道怎么讲，如果你选的不是E，那么回复我你选择的根据，咱们再具体讨论。GRE考试精选填空模拟试题及答案解析Cezannes delicate watercolor sketches often served as _ of a subject, a way of gathering fuller knowledge before the artists final engagement of the subject in an oil painting.A an abstractionB an enhancementC a synthesisD a reconnaissanceE a transcription选D翻译：塞尚精致的水彩速写通常是作为一种对观察对象的预先考察，通过这种方式，画家可以获得更完整信息并得以最终完成油画。词汇题。A抽象，B加强，C综合，D(预先)侦查勘察，E抄写转录。能够跟后面before搭配的只能是D，虽然reconnaissance一般指预先侦查收集军事方面的信息，但其他项完全不靠谱。你可以认为这道题出的不好，但这不该是你选错的理由，嗯哼。GRE考试精选填空模拟试题及答案解析Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, but this dominance has, until very recently, been regarded merely as _ fact, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographersA a controversialB a statisticalC an analyticalD an explicitE an unimpeachable选B翻译：出自女性作家之手的十八世纪小说远多于男性，但这件事一直被认为是只有统计学意义的晦涩知识(冷知识)，也就只有目录学家知道，直到不久前开始的一大串内容(Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men)，都被this dominance指代，作为句子的主语，与解题关系不大，掠过。这种优势(this dominance)直到最近(才被人们发现，被重视等)，以前它只是一件( )的事，也就目录学家才知道的冷僻信息。解释一下目录学家bibliographer：这是一群研究书籍出版信息的专家。读者大概比较关心一本书的内容，而目录学家可能更关心某本书的版本，印数，排版，装订，生产工艺等信息。目录学家也会把书籍按照各种标准分类研究，比如根据出版年代，作者的种族，书的主题等。GRE填空考前必看3大解题技巧总结