翻译层次词语翻译.ppt
翻译层次-词语翻译4,转性译法,所谓转性译法就是在翻译过程中，根据译文的习惯进行词性转换，不失原意的基础上对所译文字融会贯通，达到自然完美。,Vietnamese War is a drain on American resources.越南战争不断地消耗美国的资源。（名词转为动词）The government called for the establishment of more technical schools.政府号召建立更多的技术学校。（名词转为动词）Every morning she would go to the lake area for a walk.每天早上，她都要到湖区去散步。（名词转为动词）,I am so grateful to my father for his continuous encouragement during my childhood.我非常感激父亲，因为在小时候他总是不断地鼓励我。,（原文中以 for 为引导介词词组在译文中被转译成以“因为”为引导的状语从句。因此，原文中 for 这个介词在译文中被处理成连接词“因为”，定语 his 转译成了主语“他”，定语 continuous 转译成了状语“不断地”，名词 encouragement 转译成了动词“鼓励”，定语 during my childhood 转译成了状语“在我小时候“。）,Millions of the people in the mountainous areas are finally off poverty.He came to my home for help.The woman,with her two daughters,arrived.He caught the ball with his left hand.It was a very informative meeting.,千百万山区人民终于摆脱了贫穷。（介词转为动词）他来到我家，请求帮助。（介词转为动词）这妇女带着她的两个女儿到了。（介词转为行为动词）他用左手接球。（介词转为行为动词）会上透露了许多信息。（形容词转为动词）,换形译法,英汉两种语言由于截然不同的文化背景在习惯表达上也存在较大差异，译者不得不在翻译中改换表达的形式，这就是换形译法。,例如:One boy a boy,two boys half a boy,three boys no boy.这才是“一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚担水吃，三个和尚没水吃”I sure want to put in my two cents worth.句中的 two cents worth是一种谦虚说法，来自美国。以前,写信给报纸专栏发表看法的邮费.就是两分钱.以后大家说完一大堆,后面都习惯加句 thats my two cents worth(以上是我的意见,两分的价值)。有点像汉语的“一孔之见”（不成熟的意见）,He used to take forty winks after lunch.他习惯午饭后小睡一会儿。（打个吨儿）Seven times seven did I take council with my soul 我曾一而再、再而三地扪心自问。She thinks her husband is a man in a million她认为她丈夫是百里挑一。At last he said to himself desperately,“in for a penny,in for a pound.”(If something is worth doing then it is a case of in for a penny,in for a pound,which means that when gambling or taking a chance,you might as well go the whole way and take all the risks,not just some.)他最后绝望地对自己说：“一不做，二不休。”,The news of her sudden death really knocked me for sixWhich of us can hope to strike twelve every time?What is it？What hurts you？”“My eyes.Theyre hurting like sixty”He is a decent man and is always dressed up to the nines.,听说她死了，简直让我大吃一惊。我们中间有谁能说回回都能取得辉煌的成就呢？“怎么啦？你什么地方疼了”“我的眼睛，疼得很厉害。”他是个体面的人，总是衣着讲究。,练习,我母亲已步入古稀之年你认为明天天好她就会来，我觉得她不会来。那五分钟内，有十八架飞机涌进了这个机场。这项工作花了他们二十年时间。你说他很努力，对，他确实很努力。她父亲是一位很有名望的教授，但我没有从他身上看到故作姿态的学者派头。,My mother is in her seventies.You think she will come if it is fine tomorrow.But I dont think so.A dozen and a half planes poured into the airport during that five minutes.It took them two decades to do the job.You say he works hard,so he does.Her father is a famous professor,but I cant find any scholarly pretense in him.,褒贬译法,词汇感情色彩的翻译一般应严格按照原文的精神来进行，而不是象词汇的词性翻译那样受译文的支配，也就是说，褒义词必须翻译成褒义词，贬义词必须翻译成贬义词，中性词也应翻译成中性词。,节俭thrifty吝啬stingy 辩才无碍eloquent 喋喋不休garrulous 天真childlike 幼稚得象小孩childish As lucky would have it,no one was in the building when the explosion occurred.很幸运，爆炸发生时楼里没有一个人。As lucky would have it,there was rain in the day of the picnic.真倒霉，野餐那天偏偏下雨。,The Russians treated them as animals.俄国人把他们当作牲畜一样对待。Churchill said,“we are sea animals,and the United States are to large extent ocean animals.”丘吉尔说：“我们是海上动物，而美国基本上是海洋动物。”The boy is appreciated by all his teachers for his carefulness in his homework.这男孩因功课做得仔细认真而受到所有老师的赞赏。,I always considered him calculating and mercenary and did my best to avoid him.Many people think that he is one of the most ambitious politicians of our time。Although he is very young,he is very ambitious in his research work.The stubborn boy refuse to listen to his parents advice.The invaders met a stubborn resistance from the local people.,我一向认为他这个人工于心计又维利是图，所以总是尽力设法避开他。很多人认为他是现今最有野心的政客之一。他虽然很年轻，但是在研究工作中很有雄心壮志。这个犟男孩不肯听父母的忠告。侵略者遭到了当地人民顽强的抵抗。,
