GRE填空如何判断关系利用好关键词.doc

GRE填空如何判断关系利用好关键词 GRE填空如何判断关系利用好关键词，快来一起学习吧，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。GRE填空判断关系利用好关键词1.根据关键词汇来判断语言上的基本逻辑关系因果、(because, in that, for, therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently, given, hence, sothat, so.as to, ifthen, when.then, as long as)转折、(albeit, although, though, but, despite, even though, however, in spite of, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, while, whatever, regardless, even if, even though, yet, and yet)递进、(even, indeed)对比、(in contrast, on the contrary, far from, on the other hand, rather than, instead of, notbut, paradoxically, ironically, surprisingly, unexpectedly, curiously)等等。2.寻找句子中的重复关系作为研究生院入学的参考考试，也许是为了体现内容有深度，很多句子涉及到了各个学科的背景知识。同时基于对所有学科学生都要公平的原则，所有的题目在 解题点上都不涉及背景知识。为了做到这一点，很多时候ETS都是把答案放到句子中，然后用语言上的线索提示你去把它找出来。以下是提供重复线索的几种常见 形式：(1) 简单的直接重复The eradication of pollution is not merely a matter of _, though the majestic beauty of nature is indeed an important consideration.A. economics B. legislation C. cleanliness D. aesthetics E. restoration尽管大自然的美确实很重要，但污染的消除不仅是什么问题，当然不仅是美的问题。Comparatively few rock musicians are willing to laugh at themselves, although a hint of-can boost sales of video clips very nicely.A. self-deprecation B. congeniality C. cynicism D. embarrassment E. self-doubt摇滚乐手很少自嘲，尽管什么东西能促进录像短片的销售，当然就填自嘲。Melodramas, which presented stark oppositions between innocence and criminality, virtue and corruption, good and evil, were popular precisely because they offered the audience a world _of_.A. bereft. theatricality B. composed. adversity C. full. circumstantiality D. deprived. polarityE. devoid. neutralityMelodramas这个词不认识也没关系，既然它表现的是无辜与罪行、道德与堕落、善与恶之间的刻板对立，那么它提供给观众什么样的世界呢?当然是刻板对立的世界，只有E选项符合要求。(2) 解释型重复The Muses are_deities: they avenge themselves without mercy on those who weary of their charms.A. rueful B. ingenuous C. solicitous D. vindictive E. dispassionate冒号后面的内容就是正确选项D这个词的释义，所以不知道缪斯是什么东西也能轻松选对。Unenlightened authoritarian managers rarely recognize a crucial reason for the low levels of serious conflict among members of democratically run work groups: a modicum of tolerance for dissent often prevents_.A. demur B. schism C. cooperation D. compliance E. shortsightedness冒号后面的内容解释了民主方式运作的工作团体中为何少有严重的冲突，所以即使看不懂a modicum oftolerance for dissent是什么东西，也应该知道这个东西避免了严重冲突，故选B。(3) 根据语法结构推断重复：The valedictory address, as it has developed in American colleges and universities over the years, has become a very strict form, a literary _ that permits very little _.A. text. clarity B. work. tradition C. genre. deviationD. oration. grandiloquence E. achievement. rigiditya literary _ that permits very little _. 是前面的a very strict form的同位语，所以第一空格填form的同义或近义词，that permits very little_. 这个从句完成后应为strict的同义或近义词。Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, but this dominance has, until veryrecently, been regarded merely as _ fact, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.A. a controversial B. a statistical C. an analytical D. an explicit E. an unimpeachable这道题同样，a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.是前面的_ fact的同义重复，所以空格应填入文献学家关注的事实，已知的五个选项里显然只有B选项的statistical(统计的)是文献学家的份内工作。(4) 凭借具有指示作用的形容词或代词来寻找重复Longdale and Stern discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts _ a long, identifiable sequence of DNA; such a coincidence could be _ only by the transfer of DNA between the two systems.A. manufacture. accomplished B. reveal. repeated C. exhibit. determinedD. share. explained E. maintain. contradicted下半句的such a coincidence说明第一空格的动词填入后应体现为是一种巧合，两个看不懂是什么的、只知道是不一样的东西(非相关专业的绝大部分学生是不太可能认 识mitochondria和chloroplasts这两个词的)怎样了一个长的、可以认为是一模一样的DNA序列就是一个巧合呢?当然只有D的 share表示了这个意思。Laws do not ensure social order since laws can always be _ , which makes them _ unless the authorities have the will and the power to detect and punish wrongdoing.A. contested. provisional B. circumvented. antiquated C. repealed. vulnerableD. violated. ineffective E. modified. unstableWhich指代逗号前面的那句话，也就是“法律不保障社会秩序”，这就使得法律怎样呢?当然只有D选项的ineffective符合句意。GRE填空例题的解析The most striking thing about the politician is how often his politics have been (i) _ rather than ideological, as he adapts his political positions at any particular moment to the political realities that constrain him. He does not, however, piously (ii) _ political principles only to betray them in practice. Rather, he attempts in subtle ways to balance his political self-interest with a (iii) _, viewing himself as an instrument of some unchanging higher purpose.BLANK (i) BLANK (ii) BLANK (iii)(A) quixotic (D) brandish (G) profound cynicism(B) self righteous (E) flout (H) deeply felt moral code(C) strategic (F) follow (I) thoroughgoing pragmatismKEY：CDH(一) 选取第一空所在部分：The most striking thing about the politician is how often his politics have been (i) _rather thanideological, ashe adaptshis political positionsat any particular moment to the political realitiesthat constrain him.1. Blank1中应该填入一个形容词，用来描述政治家的政治策略的属性。2. Rather than对前面的属性取反，写出ideology，则blank1中的属性是ideology的反义词。3. As引导的后半句是对于前半句的重复说明，因而政治家的政策是根据不断变化的现实而改变的，因而政治家的特点应该体现出“变化”感。4. 选择与自主判读已知的词汇填空：1. quixotic：(幻想的)foolishly impractical especially in the pursuit of ideals; especially : marked by rash lofty romantic ideas or extravagantly chivalrous action2. self-righteous：(自以为是的)convinced of ones own righteousness especially in contrast with the actions and beliefs of others : narrow-mindedly moralistic3. strategic：(有策略的)of, relating to, or marked by strategy(二) 选取第三空所在部分：Rather, he attempts in subtle waysto balance his political self-interestwith a (iii) _, viewinghimself as an instrument of some unchanging higher purpose.1. 句子前面的rather表示本句话与前述相反，而在这句话内部，没有任何反义关联元素，也没有否定词，故对应部分是同义关系。2. Blank3中应该填入一个名词或名词性结构，表明政治家在改变自己态度时所拥有的一种东西。3. 后面说政治家实际上把自己视为一种更高的目标的执行者，因而其最终是为了追求自己的人生目标，实现自己的政治价值而存在的，这种更高的目标使得其能够仅仅通过微调来实现自己的政治价值，而不是突然放弃或支持什么，因而这个是一种正向的约束。4. 选择与自主判读已知的词汇填空：1. profound cynicism：极度犬儒主义(负方向)2. deeply felt moral code：深刻的道德准则(正方向)3. thoroughgoing pragmatism：彻底的实用主义(方向不定)(三) 选取第二空所在部分：He does not, however, piously (ii) _political principlesonly tobetraythemin practice. Rather, he attempts in subtle waysto balance his political self-interestwith a (iii) _, viewing himself as an instrumentof some unchanging higher purpose.1. Rather表示前后两句话相反，最后一句话中说其实政治家从长远上来看是不动摇的，因而前面的话说的是政治家是动摇的。2. 而政治家的态度决定了他们的行为方式，他们的动摇是因为其对于政治理想的把握不够坚决所致，因而其背叛来自于其对于政治理念的不坚定态度，故选取“动摇” 一意。而之间的however与not是对上半句话的否定，说明政治家其实不是厚颜无耻的之徒，一心只是为了自己的利益来做事儿。3. 选择与自主判读已知的词汇填空：1. brandish：(挥舞)to shake or wave (as a weapon) menacingly2. flout：(藐视)to treat with contemptuous disregard : SCORN3. follow：(跟从)(四) 理解句意，看是否逻辑与语义契合：关于政治家最令人震撼的一点是他的政治立场是有策略地变化的，而不是一成不变的理想主义的，因为他在无时不刻地就当是他所处的政治环境来调整自己的政治立场的。然而，政治家并是不是表面上使用政治原则为自己摇旗呐喊并实际上背叛政治原则的人。相反的是，政治家通过不断尝试细微的政治立场的调整来使自己的政治利益与自己内心深处的道德准则产生一个平衡关系，这样看来，实际上政治家应该追求的是一种更高级的、而且是不变的目标的执行者。GRE填空经典题目的练习7、 The trick for Michael was to _ his son an illusory orderliness; only alone at night, when the boy was asleep,could Michael _ the chaos he kept hidden from his son.(A) explore with.demonstrate(B) conjure for.acknowledge(C) conceal from.dispel(D) demystify for.escape(E) endure with.abandon分析：空格 1 填入一个动词，表示 Michael 对"他的儿子(his son)"做的动作，空格 2 要填入一个动词，表示 Michael 对"他对儿子隐藏的混乱(the chaos he kept hidden from his son)"做的动作，这显然应该是一个正动作，表示在"孩子睡觉以后(when the boy was asleep)"，混乱要表现出来，这是时间对比的体现。A 探究，探索""展现;B 唤起""承认;C 隐藏，隐蔽""驱赶，驱散;D 减少神秘，澄清""逃脱;E忍耐""放弃。A 和 B 的第二个词都符合判断。分号表示前后复指，所以空格 1 也应该是正动作，表示他让儿子看到的是"虚幻的有序(illusory orderliness)"，所以 B 正确。翻译：Michael 的伎俩是给他儿子造成一种虚假的整洁;当孩子睡觉了，只有他一个人在的时候，Michael 才能表现出隐藏在孩子背后的混乱。扩展：无8、 Literature is inevitably a _ rather than _ medium for the simple reason that writers interpose their own vision between the reader and reality.(A) distorting.a neutral(B) transparent.an opaque(C) colorful.a drab(D) flawless.an inexact(E) flexible.a rigid分析：两个空格都要填入形容词修饰"媒体(medium)"，rather than 表示结构对比，所以两个空格是一组反义词。并且，for the simple reason 表示前后构成因果关系，所以空格要体现和"作者提出了自己的观点(writersinterpose their own vision)"的相关含义，即"有自己的观点"或者"没自己的观点"。A 失真的，歪曲的""中立的;B 透明的""不透明的;C 色彩丰富的""单调的;D 无瑕疵的""不精确的;E 灵活的""死板的，僵硬的。A 选项正确。翻译：文学必然是一种歪曲事实而不中立的媒体，因为作者在读者和现实之间提出了自己的观点。扩展：本题可以扩展作品内容和作者之间的关系。9、 An obvious style, easily identified by some superficial quirk, is properly_ as a mere mannerism, whereas a complex and subtle style_ reduction to a formula.(A) avoided.risks(B) decried.resists(C) prized.withstands(D) identified .consists of(E) cultivated.demands分析：空格 1 要填入一个过去分词，表示"一种浅薄的风格(An obvious style)"和"矫揉造作(mannerism)"之间的关系，因为 mannerism 和 superficial quirk 都是负评价词，所以空格 1 填入后也应该体现非正面的评价。空格 2 体现了"单空格模式"，"复杂精美的风格(a complex and subtle style)"和"简单形式化(formula)"是相反的，所以空格 2 应该填入一个负动作。A 避免""冒险;B 谴责""抵抗;C 奖赏，奖励""抵挡，反抗;D 确定，识别""包含;E 培养""需要。B 和 D 的第一个词可以候选，但是只有 B 的第二个词是正确的，所以 B 为正确答案。翻译：一种浅薄的风格，它很容易由一些肤浅的怪异行为确定，被批评为一种纯粹的矫揉造作是非常合适的;而一种复杂而精细的风格则不会简化为陈腐的固定形式。扩展：本题可以扩展出一些矫揉造作的艺术风格和一些复杂精美的艺术风格的具体例子。GRE填空经典题目的练习Professional photographers generally regard inadvertent surrealism in a photograph as a curse rather than a blessing;magazine photographers, in particular, consider themselves _ to the extent that they can _ itspresence in their photographs.(A) skillful.enhance(B) inadequate.eliminate(C) original.demonstrate(D) fortunate.minimize(E) conventional.highlight分析：空格 1 填入一个形容词，表示"杂志摄影师(magazine photographers)"对"他们自己(themselves)"的评价，空格 2 填入一个动词，表示"他们(they)"，也就是"杂志摄影师"对"它的出现(its presence)"所做的动作。这里，its 指代的是前句中的"由疏忽造成的超现实主义(inadvertent surrealism)"。分号表示前后复指，前句对"由于疏忽造成的超现实主义"做负评价(curse)，所以后句也要体现同样的意思。用"正负假定法"判断两个空格的关系，如果空格 2 填入正动作，空格 1 就应该填负评价，所以选择一组反义词。A 有技巧的""提高;B 不足够的""消除;C 原始的，独创的""展示;D 幸运的""最小化;E 传统的""强调。D 选项符合推理。翻译：职业摄影师通常认为由疏忽造成的超现实主义是一种诅咒而不是祝福，尤其是杂志摄影师，当他们能在自己的照片中达到最小化这种超现实主义的程度时，他们就认为自己是幸运的。扩展：本题可以扩展关于超现实主义的艺术形式的特点和代表人物。5、 If those large publishers that respond solely to popular literary trends continue to dominate the publishing market,the initial publication of new writers will depend on the writers willingness to_popular tastes.(A) struggle against(B) cater to(C) admire(D) flout(E) elude分析：空格填入一个动词，表示"新的作家(new writers)"对于"流行品味(popular tastes)"做的动作。If 表示前后一致，因为"只迎合流行文学趋势的大出版商继续主导出版发行市场(those publishers that respondsolely to popular literary trends continue to dominate the publishing market)"，所以空格要填入一个"迎合"含义的词。A 斗争;B 迎合;C 尊敬;D 蔑视，嘲笑;E 躲避。B 选项正确。翻译：如果只迎合流行文学趋势的大出版商继续主宰出版发行发行市场的话，新作家处女作的出版将取决于作家是否愿意迎合大众口味。扩展：本题可以扩展关于文学和大众，文学和市场的关系。6、 Although some consider forcefulness and _ to be two traits desirable to the same degree, I think that making a violent effort is much less useful than maintaining a steady one.(A) promptness(B) persistence(C) aggression(D) skillfulness(E) lucidity分析：空格要填入一个名词，表示被认为和"强制力(forcefulness)""同样可取的方式(two traits desirableto the same degree)"，Although 表达让步转折，后句表示两种方式有差异，所以空格应该体现和"保持稳定"一致的含义，从而体现两种方式没差别。A 敏捷，迅速;B 坚持，持续;C 侵略，攻击;D 有技巧，熟练;E 清楚。B 选项正确。翻译：尽管有人认为强制和坚持是两种同样可取的方式，但是我认为使用暴力比保持稳定作用更小。扩展：无GRE填空如何判断关系利用好关键词